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the study of citizenship and government |
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the organizations, institutions, and individuals who exercise political authority over a group of people |
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a legally recognized member of a country |
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the legal process by which an alien may become a citizen |
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an official, periodic counting of a population |
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person who came here from another country |
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equality, liberty, and justice for all people |
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form of government in which the people elect representatives to carry on the work of government for them |
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people elect representatives to carry on the work of government for them |
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loose association, rather than a firm union of states |
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written plan of government |
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voters in a community meet in one place to make laws and decide what action to take |
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people of a nation either are directly or they elect officials who act on their behalf |
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division of government powers between the federal government and the state |
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president's power to reject a bill |
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distribution of political power among the 3 branches of government |
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introduction that explains why the Constitution was written |
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powers the Constitution specifically gives to the federal government |
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written change to the Constitution |
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seperation of church and state |
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division between government and religion |
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rights guaranteed to all US citizens |
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first 10 amendments to Constitution |
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no person can be denied life, liberty, or property |
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having to testify oneself |
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power to take private property by public use |
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a lawmaking body of two houses |
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powers not specifically listed but are neccesary to carry out powers granted to Congress |
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combined meeting at both houses of Congress |
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charge an official with misconduct |
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law being considered by lawmaking body |
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refusal of president / government to sign a bill |
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delaying action on a bill by making long speeches |
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to allows Congress to stretch its power |
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government plan for interacting with other countries of the world |
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peace agreements with other countries |
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highest ranking military officers in armed forces |
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head of the department general |
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order in which office of president is filled when vacant |
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title for most cabinent members |
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formal document that allows citizens to travel abroad |
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highest ranking of US representatives in foreign countries |
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the art of interacting with foreign countries |
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any behavior that is illegal |
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law coming from judges' decisions that rely on common sense |
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process by which person asks a higher court to review out of the trial |
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has the power to review decisions made by lower courts |
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refers to the group of laws that detire what acts as crimes |
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based on Constitution and on Supreme Court decisions interpreting the Constitution |
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power allows court to decide whether a law or a presidential action is in agreement with Constitution |
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authority of a court to hear and decide a case for the first time |
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shared powers between state and federal government |
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people represented by members of a lawmaking body |
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the process of returning fugitives |
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powers granted to federal government |
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full faith and credit clause |
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ensures that each state will accept the decision of civil courts in other states |
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process by which citizens of a state may purpose a law by collecting signatures on a petition |
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becomes head of the state executive branch if the govenor dies, resigns, or is removed from office |
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method of referring potential laws directly to the people for approval |
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powers given to the state |
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a basic plan for a local government unit that defines its powers, responsibilities, and organization |
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regulations that govern a community |
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the power of a city to write it's own municipal charter and to manage it's own affairs |
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a unit of local government that is incorporated by the state and has a large degree of self government |
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all citizens meet regularly to discuss town issues |
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a division of state government formed to carry out state laws, collect taxes,and supervise elections in a single small area |
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largest type of municipality |
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primary electin in which only voters who are members of the party can vote for the party's candidates |
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agreement between two or more political parties to work together to run a government |
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person elected by the voters in a presidential election to be a member of the electoral college |
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group of electors that casts the official votes that elect the president and vice president |
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written statement outlining a political party's views on issues and describing the programs it proposes |
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differences in political views held by the different political parties |
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votes cast by citizens in a presidential election |
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local voting districts in a country, city, or board |
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