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Civics
Civics Chapter 10, 11.1&2
33
Other
10th Grade
10/08/2007

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Term
Term
Definition
Two-year period of time during wchich Congress meets
Term
Session
Definition
Period of time during which, each year, Congress assembles and conducts business
Term
Adjourn
Definition
Suspend, as in a session of Congress
Term
Prorogue
Definition
Adjourn, as in a legislative session
Term
Special session
Definition
An exrtaordinary session of a legislative body, called to deal with an emergency situation
Term
Apportion
Definition
Distribute, as in seats in a legislative body
Term
Reapportion
Definition
Redistribute, as in seats in a legislative body
Term
Off-year election
Definition
Congressional election that occurs between presidential election years
Term
Single-member district
Definition
Electoral district from which one person is chosen by the voters for each elected office
Term
At-large election
Definition
Election of an officeholder by the voters of an entire governmental unit (e.g. a State or country) rather than by the voters of a district or subdivision
Term
Gerrymander
Definition
The drawing or electoral district lines to the advantage of a party or group
Term
Continuous body
Definition
Government unit (e.g. the United States Senate) whose seats are never all up for election at the same time
Term
Constituency
Definition
The people and interests that an elected official represents
Term
Trustee
Definition
Lawmaker who votes based on his or her conscience and judgment, not the views of his or her constituents
Term
Partisan
Definition
Lawmaker who owes his/her first allegiance to his.her political party and votes according to the party line
Term
Polotico
Definition
Lawmaker who attempts to balance the basic elements of the trustee, delegate, and partisan roles
Term
Oversight function
Definition
Review by legislative committees of the policies and programs of the eexecutive branch
Term
Franking privelege
Definition
Benefit allowing members of Congress to mail letters and other materials postage-free
Term
Expressed powers
Definition
Those delegated powers of the National Government that are spelled out, expressly, in the Constitution; also called the "enumerated powers"
Term
Implied powers
Definition
Those delegated powersof the National Government that are suggested by the expressed powers set out in the Constitution; those "necessary and proper" to carry out the expressed powers
Term
Inherent powers
Definition
Powers the Constitution is presumed to have delegated to the National Government because it is the government of a sovereign state within the world community
Term
Strict constructionist
Definition
One who argues a narrow interpretation of the Constitution's provisions, in particular those granting powers to the Federal Government
Term
Liberal constructionist
Definition
One who argues a broad interpretation of the provisions of the Constitution, particularly those granting powers to the Federal Constitution
Term
Consensus
Definition
General agreement among various groips on fundamental matters; broad agreement on publis questions
Term
Tax
Definition
A charge levied by government on persons or property to meet public needs
Term
Tax
Definition
A charge levied by government on persons or property to meet public needs
Term
Inderect tax
Definition
A tax levied on one party but passed on to another for payment
Term
Direct tax
Definition
A tax that must be paid by the person on whom it is levied
Term
Deficit financing
Definition
Practice of gunding government by borrowing to make up the difference between government spending and revenue
Term
Public debt
Definition
All of the money borrowed by the government and bot yet repaid, pklus the accrued interest on that money; also called the national debt or federal debt
Term
Commerce power
Definition
Exclusive power of Congress to regulate interstae and foreign trade
Term
Legal tender
Definition
Any kind of monoey that a creditor must, by law, accept in payment for debts
Term
Bankruptcy
Definition
The legal proceeding by which a bankrupt person's assets are distributed among those to whom he or she owes debts
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