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all affixes have restrictions
-ness can only go on adjectives
-can't put -er on already affix words-can't use -er on itelligent -purely morphological |
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| Italian Ex. of morphosemantic pattern |
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Definition
idiosyncratic use of semantics in the patterning of morphemes
-ex:Italian augmentative noun suffix adds meaning "big large" |
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| word not made because concept is illogical or irrelevant |
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| Morphophonological Restriction in Eng |
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English verbalizing suffix-ize-last syllable stressed
-ize sounds wierd on the end
-arian only goes with latin words |
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Definition
Oxes doesn't work, but oxen does
-doesn't always work
-starts to weaken over time
-highly productive patterns tend to level out, less productive |
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| makes sillily sound stupid |
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Term
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Uses hyphens to separate concatenative morphemes to show native speaker intuition about internal structure of words
-cloud-let,trash-can |
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| zero morpheme (null affix) |
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Definition
expresses a meaning but lacks any phonological form: this sheep, these sheep
-to claim the presence of a zero affix, we have to have at least one other morpheme that expresses the same meaning and does have phonological shape
-this giraffe-these giraffe-s |
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Definition
| Consists of more than 1 root morpheme |
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Definition
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with interfix (=empty morph)-o-
ex: arachn-o-phobia
morph-o-logy
-known as Greco-Roman Compound |
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Term
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Definition
Main meaning of a word
-ex: can(because trashcan is a type of can) |
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Term
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Definition
element that determines part of speech
-ex:also can because a trashcan is a noun because can is a noun |
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Definition
element that adds information about the head
ex:greenhouse (what type of house/building), trashcan (what type of can) |
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Term
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Definition
Semantic head is named in compound
-english compounds are frequently right headed, since the last, or rightmost root is the head
-white house-a type of house |
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Term
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Definition
the syntactic head is not literally the semantic head
-real semantic head is not named anywhere in compound.
-insults are a type |
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made from verb phrase by adding a normalizer (NMLZ) like -er or -ing
ex: whale watcher, spear fishing |
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Definition
bihead compounds
ex: seattle-tacoma airport, Austria-hungary |
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Definition
Compound where you clip off part of one or the other constituent
ex: sci-tac, poly-sci |
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Definition
shorter way of pronouncing the same word
ex: professor-prof |
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Definition
| a greenhouse cannot be said a very greenhouse (very cannot modify nouns) |
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Definition
Has phonological form but no real grammatical or lexical meaning
ex: morph-o-logy |
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Definition
synthetic words that are pronounced like parts of another syntatic word, have freedom of movement
ex: let's, twas |
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