Term
|
Definition
most effective against tumors that have a high growth fraction
1. Most common adverse effect- alopecia (baldness), effects skin- photosensitivity and increased skin pigmentation
2. Category D for pregnancy |
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Term
| ii. Vinca Alkaloid- Vincristine |
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Definition
1. It is a vesicant, cannot be given intrathecally( through spinal cord) , it is given in central line
1. Active in the M phase |
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Term
| iii. Podophyllotoxins- Etoposide |
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Definition
1. Never give IV push- will cause an anaphylactic reaction, it is an irritant not a vesicant
2. Makes mouth taste lie metal when given orally |
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Term
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Definition
| 1. Given intravenously, black box warning causes a serious anaphylactic reaction, has to be given with Benadryl, it is an irritant |
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Term
| v. Camptothecins (Topoisomerase-1 inhibitors) |
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Definition
| 1. Black box warning for myelosuppression, especially neutrophils |
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Term
| i. Alkylating Agents- Cyclophosphamide |
|
Definition
1. Pharmacotherapeutics- broad spectrum of antitumor activity. Used for treatment of both hematologic malignancies and solid tumors; such as breast cancer, lung cancer, endometrial cancer and ovarian cancer. Plays a role in Hodgkins and non Hodgkins lymphoma and multiple myeloma. The only alkylating agent that is effective against acute as well as chronic leukemias
2. Causes cystitis ( inflammation of the bladder), blood in urine
3. It directly damages DNA |
|
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Term
| ii. Nitrosoureas- Carmustine (BCNU) |
|
Definition
1. Inhibits DNA repair
2. Causes pancytopenia (reduction or WBC and RBC)
3. Used for brain tumors- crosses blood brain barrier |
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Term
| iii. Antitumor Antibiotics- Doxorubin (adriamycin) |
|
Definition
1. Black box warning: heart muscle damage and extravasation injury, it is cardiotoxic
2. Turns urine red 1-2 days after administration |
|
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Term
| iii. Antitumor Antibiotics- Doxorubin (adriamycin) |
|
Definition
1. Black box warning: heart muscle damage and extravasation injury, it is cardiotoxic
2. Turns urine red 1-2 days after administration |
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Term
| iv. Hormone and Hormone Antaonists- Tamoxifen |
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Definition
1. Antiestrogen- it is used to treat breast cancer
2. Black box warning- increased risk of endometrial cancer and thromboembolic events ( stroke and PE) |
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Term
|
Definition
| blood vessels, sympathetic receptors |
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Term
|
Definition
| CNS, effects neurotransmitter levels |
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Term
|
Definition
| heart (agonist), increase contractility and strength, increase heart rate |
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Term
|
Definition
| bronchi of the lung, broncho dialation, agonist |
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Term
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Definition
1. Epinephrine, Norepinephrine, isoproterenol, dopamine, dobutamine
a. Short half life
b. Cant be administered orally (usually IV)
c. Do not cross blood brain barrier |
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Term
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Definition
| 1. They include ephedrine, amphetamine, phenylephrine, methoxamine and metaraminol |
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Term
| i. Why is epinephrine a vesicant and how can this effect be reversed? |
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Definition
| 1. Epinephrine is a vesicant because it cuases tissue necrosis, the reversal agent is phenotolamine (an alpha antagonist) |
|
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Term
| why is phenylephrine added to many OTC cold medicines |
|
Definition
| 1. It’s a decongestant, causes vaso constriction |
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Term
| iii. How is Dopamine administered |
|
Definition
| 1. Given IV in a monitored setting |
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Term
| iv. What is the pregnancy category of nicotine |
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Definition
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