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| a hard gemstone often used in jewelry |
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| a prediction by a wise person, or a person who makes a prediction |
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| a person of high rank who owned land but owed loyalty to his king |
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| a farmer with a small farm |
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| (551–479 BC) Chinese philosopher, he was the most influential teacher in Chinese history. His teachings, called Confucianism, focused on morality, family, society, and government. |
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| a philosophy based on the ideas of Confucius that focuses on morality, family order, social harmony, and government |
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| a philosophy that developed in China and stressed the belief that one should live in harmony with the Dao, the guiding force of all reality |
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| (c. 500s or 400s BC) Chinese philospoher, he was the most famous Daoist teacher. Laozi is credited with writing The Way and Its Power, Daoism’s basic text |
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| the Chinese belief that people were bad by nature and needed to be controlled |
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| 259–210 BC) Ruler of China, he united China for the first time. He built roads and canals and began the Great Wall of China. Shi Huangdi also imposed a standard system of laws, money, weights, and writing system in China. |
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| a barrier made of walls across China’s northern frontier |
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| a device that uses the position of shadows cast by the sun to tell the time of day |
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| an item used to measure earthquakes |
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| a body treatment involving needles |
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| a long traderoute between asia and europe |
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