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Definition
| a treatment that uses chemicals to lighten or remove color |
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Definition
| filling of pores or other openings with melted wax, resin, polymer, or plastic to improve appearance and stability |
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Definition
| a treatment that adds color or affects color by deepening it, making it more even, or changing it |
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Definition
| using a filler to conceal fractures and improve the apparent clarity of a gem |
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Definition
| a chemical that treaters mix with some resins to cause them to solidify |
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| exposing a gem to rising temperatures for the purpose of changing its appearance |
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Definition
| exposing a gem to radiation to change or improve its color |
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| a treatment in which a gem is exposed to high temperatures and chemicals to allow penetration of color-causing elements |
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Definition
| an oxygen-rich environment that surrounds a gem during heat treatment, causing it to absorb oxygen |
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Definition
| a liquid filling material that's very durable when it dries |
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| a rapid heating and cooling process that produces fractures in a stone so it will accept dye |
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Definition
| an oxygen-poor environment that surrounds a gem during heat treatment, causing it to lose oxygen |
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Definition
| a clear, viscous substance that's used to fill fractures in gemstones |
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Definition
| heating a wrapped opal until smoke or ash penetrates its surface to darken it and bring out its play-of-color |
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Definition
| soaking an opal in a hot sugar solution and then in sulfuric acid to darken it and bring out its play-of-color |
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Definition
| altering a gem's appearance by applying backings, coatings, or coloring agents like paint |
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Term
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Definition
| any human-controlled process, beyond cutting and polishing, that improves the appearance, durability or value of a gem |
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