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Common Core Math Vocabulary
middle school math vocabulary
41
Mathematics
8th Grade
09/21/2014

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Term
terminating decimal
Definition
a decimal whose digits end
Term
repeating decimal
Definition
a decimal whose digits repeat in a pattern, can be written in bar notation
Term
irrational number
Definition
a real number that CANNOT be written in fraction form; a decimal that is non-terminating and non-repeating
Term
exponent
Definition
a number that tells how many times a factor is repeated in a product
Term
square root
Definition
the inverse (opposite) of a perfect square
Term
cube root
Definition
a number that is multiplied by itself twice, or cubed
Term
radical
Definition
a symbol used to show a root
Term
scientific notation
Definition
a way of writing a number as a number greater than or equal to 1 and less than 10, multiplied by a power of 10, a method of writing very large and very small numbers
Term
slope
Definition
the steepness and direction of a line that shows how the change in one variable relates to the change in the other variable
Term
y-intercept
Definition
the point (0,b) where a line intersects the y-axis
Term
slope-intercept form
Definition
one possible form of a linear equation; y=mx+b, in which m is the slope and b is the y-intercept
Term
linear equation
Definition
an equation between two variables that results in a straight line when plotted on a graph
Term
origin
Definition
the center of a coordinate plane, located at the intersection of the x- and y-axis, having the coordinates (0,0)
Term
x-axis
Definition
the horizontal axis of a coordinate plane
Term
y-axis
Definition
the vertical axis of a coordinate plane
Term
ouput
Definition
the y-values in a function
Term
input
Definition
the x-values in a function
Term
non-linear function
Definition
a function that has varying changes in x- and y-values; a function whose graph is NOT a straight line, a function with a rate of change that is NOT constant
Term
function
Definition
a relationship between 2 variables with one unique output for each input
Term
alternate interior angles
Definition
a congruent pair of angles
• on opposite sides of the transversal
• but inside the two lines when parallel lines are intersected by another line
Term
adjacent angles
Definition
two supplementary angles that have a common side and a common vertex (corner point) and don't overlap, two angles that are "next door" neighbors
Term
corresponding angles
Definition
a pair of congruent angles in matching corners of the intersection created when parallel lines are crossed by another line
Term
transversal
Definition
a line that crosses at least 2 other lines
Term
vertical angles
Definition
a pair of equal angles that are opposite each other when two lines cross, reflections of each other
Term
complementary angles
Definition
two angles whose sum is 90 degrees
Term
supplementary angles
Definition
two angles whose sum is 180 degrees
Term
reflection
Definition
flip a figure to create an image congruent to the original
Term
rotation
Definition
turn or spin a figure to create an image congruent to the orginal
Term
translation
Definition
slide a figure to create an image congruent to the original
Term
dilation
Definition
stretch or compression of a figure to create an image that is smaller or larger than the original
Term
positive association
Definition
a relationship between two variables in which both variables are either increasing or decreasing
Term
negative association
Definition
a relationship between two variables in which one variable is increasing while the other is decreasing
Term
no association
Definition
no relationship between two variables, variables do not affect each other
Term
circumference
Definition
the distance around a circle
Term
surface area
Definition
the total area of the surface of a three-dimensional object
Term
association
Definition
relationship
Term
outlier
Definition
a data point that is distinctly separate (very different) from the rest of the data, the opposite of average, norm and standard
Term
quadrant
Definition
one of the four regions of a coordinate plane
Term
Pythagorean Theorem
Definition
a mathematical "rule" used to find a missing side length given two sides of a right triangle, a^2+b^2=c^2
Term
congruent
Definition
same size, same shape
Term
similar
Definition
different size, same shape, proportional sides to the original, congruent angles to the original
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