Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Communications
terms for test one
42
Other
Not Applicable
10/10/2005

Additional Other Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
adherence
Definition
the informed support of others
Term
syllogism
Definition
a form of deductive reasoning consisting of a major premise, minor premise, and conclusion
Term
time frame
Definition
the time it takes for a condition to occur
Term
credibility
Definition
being regarded as believable and worthy of adherence
Term
issue
Definition
the clash of two opposing claims
Term
Stephen Toulmin
Definition
english philosopher who made major contributions to argumentation
Term
claim
Definition
a statement you make that you want others to accept and act upon to gain their adherence
Term
data
Definition
the evidence for your claim; also known as evidence, grounds, support, proof.
Term
qualifier
Definition
Tells how much force the argument carries. This is indicated by the words always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom or never.
Term
reservation
Definition
a kind of logical circuit breaker. It usually is indicated by the word "unless."
Term
significance
Definition
A stock issue expressing the quantitative or qualitative degree of a problem or condition. Often a numerical measurement of the problem – how many are affected
Term
attitudinal inherency
Definition
an attitude, belief, or value that prevents us from solving the proble, mindsets that would block certain policies or laws.
Term
solvency
Definition
a stock issue expressing the technical or workable nature of a course of action (plan)
Term
harm
Definition
Identifies the “scope” of the problem. Think in terms of “how bad” the problem is.
Term
topicality
Definition
The plan of the affirmative must be related to the topic to make a legitimate presentation
Term
the plan
Definition
Planks in the affirmative case that remove the barriers to put your resolution in effect
Term
clash
Definition
To directly oppose the arguments of your opponent.
Term
the components of good policy resolutions
Definition
Agent, Action verb, Actual Event
Term
evidence
Definition
Expert opinion, in the form of quotations, taken from literature and the Internet, to support a debater’s reasoning
Term
backing
Definition
All the facts, data, evidence, examples, or chains of reason used to support the warrant.
Additional evidence or source qualification to support, explain, or justify reasoning.
Term
ad hominem fallacy
Definition
Error in reasoning where the speaker and not the arguments are attacked
Term
false dilemma
Definition
A fallacy of distraction where two choices are given when in fact there are three or more options .
Term
hasty generalization
Definition
An inductive fallacy where the sample is too small to support an inductive generalization about a population
Term
post hoc ergo propter hoc
Definition
Causal fallacy meaning “because one thing follows another, it is held to cause the other”
Term
slippery slope
Definition
A fallacy involving a series of increasingly unacceptable consequences.
Term
spheres
Definition
collections of people in the process of interracting and making critical decisions.
Term
proposition
Definition
a statement of judgement that identifies the issues of a controversy.
Term
3 types of claims:
Definition
factual
value
policy
Term
values
Definition
general conceptions of what are desirable ways of behaving.
Term
Toulman's Model:
Definition
Claim - provable issue
Data/Reasons - support for claim
Warrent - underlying belief behind data and claim
Term
Policy Resolution
Definition
indicates that there is a problem with the status quo
Term
5 Stock Issues:
Definition
Significance
Harm
Inherency
Topicality
Solvency
Term
structural barriers
Definition
laws or supreme court decisions
Term
existential inherency
Definition
the reality that the affirmative policy is simply not occuring.
Term
agency
Definition
who will innitiate the plan
Term
Parts in a contention
Definition
Agency - who initiates the plan
Mandates - specify what your plan is
Enforcements - how we will make sure plan works
Funding - how much cost
Addendum - any points of clarification
Term
refutation
Definition
the process of discrediting someone's argument by revealing weaknesses in it.
Term
Ethos
Definition
character, trustworthy, credibility
Term
Pathos
Definition
emotional appeal
Term
Logos
Definition
logic of it
Term
inductive reasoning
Definition
drawing conclusions from incomplete evidence
Term
deductive reasoning
Definition
building from accepted truths to specific conclusions
Supporting users have an ad free experience!