Term
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Definition
| Two main bones that encase the brain in all vertebrates starting with actinopterygii. Amphibians which have reduced skull composed of fronto-parietal |
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Definition
| Both in the upperjaw bones of vertebrates starting with the actinopterygii. Premax is tip of upper jaw and maxilla is just behind it. |
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Definition
| characteristic of chondrichthyes. Rough tooth-like scales. |
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Definition
| primitive actinopterygii scales. |
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Term
| ctenoid scales and cycloid scales |
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Definition
| characteristic of derived actinopterygii...looks like shells[ctenoid] and small round scales [cycloid] |
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Definition
| characteristic of lepidosauria... make copulatory organs, two on |
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Definition
| characteristic of chondrichthyes, first gill slit, behind eye. Not true gill slit, these holes are specialzed as intake valves, water flows into them as it does the mouth and exits the gills. Important for skates and rays as their mouths arent always in right position to intake water for respiration. |
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Term
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Definition
| part of jaw for chondrichthyes were teeth are embedded |
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Term
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Definition
| behind the mandibular in chondrichthyes |
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Term
| articular and quadrate bone |
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Definition
| became two more derived ear bones in mammals [three total] articular became malleus and quadrate became incus |
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Term
| The four characteristics [synapamorphies] of vertebrates [craniates] |
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Definition
1. notochord
2. post anal tail
3. vertebral column or elements
4. pharyngeal slits |
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Term
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Definition
| arch supports of the gills |
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Definition
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Definition
| external ears, see them in frogs, lizards especially |
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Term
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Definition
contour - make shape of body
down - underneath, but depends on species, age and time of year
primary - larger, closest to head
secondary - posterior region of wing
wing coverts - cover tops of primaries and secondaries
retrices - tail feathers |
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Term
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Definition
under fur -soft underbottom
gaurd hairs - top, rough
vibrissae - whiskers
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Term
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Definition
claws
hooves
nails
incisors
canines
molars
antlers
horns |
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Term
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Definition
| on bony fishes. used to prevent backflow of water into the gills |
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Term
| heterocercal and homocercal tails |
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Definition
hetero -different top and bottom lobe
homo... same |
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Term
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Definition
atlas - ring like - cradle to allow movements
axis - second vertebrae |
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Term
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Definition
diapsid - your reptiles minus the turtles
anapsid - turtles
synapsid - mammals |
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Term
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Definition
hands have two fused digits
synacrum - one thoracic, five lumbar, two sacral, five caudal vertebrae
pygostyle - sticks out dorsal side of synacrum
tibiotarsus - right below femur
tarsometatarsus below tibiotarsus
sternum with keel -only for flight birds
unicate process of rib -strengthens ribs
furcula - clavical wishbone
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Term
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Definition
absent in theria animals
in fish is baseis of pectoral fin
overall it is part of the pectoral girdle |
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Definition
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Definition
humerus
radius - near thumb
ulna - usually bigger
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Definition
femur
fibula - next to big toe
tibia - usually bigger |
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Term
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Definition
usually
backward pointing tarsal digit on birds |
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Term
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Definition
| bony ring of tiny bones, eye of birds |
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Term
| general parts of vertebral column |
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Definition
cervical
thoracic- ribs
lumbar - no ribs
sacral - pelvic
caudal - tail end |
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