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Conducting terms
musical terms we need to know
91
Music
Undergraduate 4
09/20/2007
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Term
accelerando
 Definition
Gradually increasing tempo
Term
ad libitum
 Definition
At pleasure, at will
Term
adagio
 Definition
Slowly, usually conducted in divided meter
Term
agogic accent
 Definition
Sustaining or stretching for accent, tension or stress
Term
allargando
 Definition
Becoming broader, slowing
Term
allegretto
 Definition
Moderately fast
Term
allegro
 Definition
Lively, brisk, rapid
Term
andante
 Definition
Moderately slow, walking pace
Term
andantino
 Definition
A little slower than andante, but is often used as meaning a little faster
Term
assai
 Definition
Very
Term
caesura
 Definition
A break in the musical line, //
Term
cantabile
 Definition
Singing, or vocal style
Term
cantando
 Definition
Singing, smooth, and flowing
Term
con brio
 Definition
With fire and dash
Term
con moto
 Definition
with motion
Term
crescendo
 Definition
Increasing in loudness
Term
diminuendo
 Definition
Becoming gradually softer
Term
dolce
 Definition
Sweetly, softly
Term
doppio valore
 Definition
Twice as slow
Term
espressivo
 Definition
Expressively
Term
fermata
 Definition
Hold, sustain for expressive tension
Term
feroce
 Definition
Wildly, fiercely
Term
forte
 Definition
Loud, strong
Term
fortissimo
 Definition
Extremely loud
Term
fuoco
 Definition
With fire
Term
grave
 Definition
Heavy, slow, serious
Term
grazia
 Definition
Gracefully, elegantly
Term
grazioso
 Definition
Gracefully, elegantly
Term
ictus
 Definition
Point of beat
Term
langsam
 Definition
Slow
Term
larghetto
 Definition
A little faster than largo
Term
largo
 Definition
Very slow, broad, stately
Term
legato
 Definition
Smooth, connected
Term
leggiero
 Definition
Light, airy
Term
lento
 Definition
Slowly
Term
maestoso
 Definition
Majestic, dignified
Term
marcato
 Definition
"Marked," with emphasis, heavy, usually separated
Term
marcia
 Definition
March style
Term
meno
 Definition
Less
Term
mezzo
 Definition
Half
Term
moderato
 Definition
Moderate tempo
Term
modere
 Definition
Moderate tempo
Term
molto
 Definition
Very, much
Term
mosso
 Definition
Movement
Term
non troppo
 Definition
Not too much
Term
naunce
 Definition
Shading, subtle expressive changes in musical phrase or line
Term
ostinato
 Definition
"Obstinate," incessant repetition of musical pattern or bass line
Term
pesante
 Definition
Heavy, ponderous, firm, vigorous
Term
piacere, a
 Definition
At the performer's pleasure regarding interpretation and expression
Term
pianissimo
 Definition
Very softly
Term
piano
 Definition
Softly
Term
piu
 Definition
More
Term
pizzicato
 Definition
Plucked
Term
pochissimo
 Definition
Very little
Term
poco
 Definition
Little
Term
prestissimo
 Definition
Very rapidly
Term
presto
 Definition
Fast, rapidly
Term
quasi
 Definition
As if it were, nearly
Term
rallentando
 Definition
Growing slower
Term
recitative
 Definition
Vocal declamations, free in tempo and rhythm
Term
recitative
 Definition
Vocal declamations, free in tempo and rhythm
Term
retenu
 Definition
Held back
Term
ritardando
 Definition
Gradually slowing
Term
ritenuto
 Definition
Suddenly slowing rate of speed, held back
Term
ritmico
 Definition
Rhythmical
Term
rubato
 Definition
Phrasing give and take, shading of tempo
Term
scherzando
 Definition
Playfully, lightly
Term
schmachtend
 Definition
Languishing, longing
Term
sempre
 Definition
Always
Term
sforzando
 Definition
Sudden emphasis
Term
simile
 Definition
In a similar manner
Term
smorzando
 Definition
Dying away
Term
soli
 Definition
Several players on a part
Term
solo
 Definition
Alone, one player on the part
Term
sostenuto
 Definition
Sustained
Term
sotto voce
 Definition
Soft voice
Term
spiccato
 Definition
Springing, bouncing bow, off the string, staccato
Term
staccatissimo
 Definition
Very detached
Term
staccato
 Definition
Detached, separated
Term
stringendo
 Definition
Accelerating movement, intensifying tempo
Term
subito
 Definition
Suddenly, immediate
Term
takt
 Definition
Beat, regular measurement of time
Term
tempo primo
 Definition
Original tempo
Term
tenuto
 Definition
Stretched, sustained, held back
Term
tessitura
 Definition
The range within which most notes lie
Term
tranquillo
 Definition
Calmly, quietly
Term
tres
 Definition
Very
Term
troppo
 Definition
Too much
Term
tutti
 Definition
All, the entire ensemble
Term
valse
 Definition
Waltz
Term
vivace
 Definition
Quickly, lively, very fast
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