Term
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Definition
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Term
4 mechanisms of action of antimicrobial agents (what do they inhibit) |
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Definition
inhibitors of: cell wall synthesis plasma membranes nucleic acid synthesis ribosome function
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Term
| How does moist heat control microbial growth? |
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Definition
| denatures nucleic acids and proteins |
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Term
| What is the limitation of applying dry heat? |
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Definition
| proteins don't denature as easily |
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Term
| What are ways to dessicate something? |
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Definition
heat, evaporation, addition of salt or sugar
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Term
| What does dessication prevent? |
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Definition
prevents organism metabolism
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Term
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Definition
energy from atomic activities destroys nucleic acids |
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Term
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Definition
x-rays and Gamma rays produce free radicals that polymerize molecules |
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Term
| What is ionization radiation used as? |
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Definition
| used as an antimicrobial in food preservation |
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Term
Ultraviolet (UV) Radiation: 3 characteristics |
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Definition
- disinfects surfaces and air
- damaging to human tissue
- can increase food shelf life up to 500%
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Term
| 4 actions of chemical agents |
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Definition
- denature/inactivate proteins
- inhibit enzymes
- inhibit metabolism
- dissolve lipids - disrupts the plasma membrane
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Term
| chemical food preservatives |
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Definition
| static agents (organic acids) used to inhibit the growth of microorganisms |
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Term
| use for phenolic compounds |
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Definition
for disinfecting materials contaminated with organic materials |
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Term
What are the two types of surface-acting agents (surfactants) and how do they work? |
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Definition
- alkaline soaps - harm bacteria sensitive to high pH and degerming
- detergents - disrupt plasma membrane
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Term
| chlorine gas: what is it and 2 uses |
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Definition
- forms hypochlorous acid in water
- drinking water treatment
- general disinfectant - household bleach
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Term
| What are the two uses of iodine? |
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Definition
antiseptic used on skin replaces antibiotics and silver nitrate for treating eye infections of newborns |
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