Term
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Definition
| Animal Care Panel founded |
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Term
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Definition
| The Hygienic Laboratory renamed the National Institute of Health (NIH) |
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Term
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Definition
| Animal Care Panel incorporated |
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Term
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Definition
| Professional standards committee appointed (later became AAALAC International) |
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Term
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Definition
1. First edition of the Guide developed by the Animal Care Panel, and
2. The AVMA established guidelines for veterinarians who carry out or oversee euthanasia of animals |
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Term
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Definition
Incorporation of AAALAC*
*American Association for the Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care |
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Term
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Definition
| Congress passed the Laboratory Animal Welfare Act (PL 89-544) & the USDA was named the responsible agency |
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Term
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Definition
| Animal Care Panel changed its name to the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science (AALAS) |
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Term
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Definition
1. USDA promulgated standards known as Subpart F, Stolen Animals (AWA)
2. Release of the NIH Policy on Humane Care & Use of Laboratory Animals for PHS-supported organizations. |
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Term
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Definition
| The NIH Policy became the first PHS Policy on Humane Care & Use of Laboratory Animals (PHS Policy) |
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Term
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Definition
| Public Responsibility in Medicine & Research (PRIM&R) established |
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Term
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Definition
| PHS Policy required each animal-using grantee institution to have a PHS Assurance and a committee to maintain oversight of its animal care program |
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Term
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Definition
| USDA promulgated standards known as Subpart E, Identification of Animals (AWA) |
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Term
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Definition
| First PRIM&R Animal Care & Use meeting |
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Term
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Definition
| Promulgation of the U.S. Government Principles for the Utilization and Care of Vertebrate Animals Used in Testing, Research, and Training |
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Term
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Definition
| Health Research Extension Act (PL 99-158) passed by Congress |
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Term
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Definition
Animal Welfare Act amendments, passed by Congress, required the Secretary of Agriculture to issue additional standards for the use of animals in research:
1. Establish regulations to provide exercise for dogs and an adequate physical environment to promote the psychological well-being of nonhuman primates.
2. It specifies that pain and distress must be minimized in experimental procedures and that alternatives to such procedures be considered by the principle investigator.
3. It also defines practices that are considered to be painful.
4. No animal can be used in more than one major operative experiment with recovery (exceptions are listed).
5. The establishment of the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) is introduced with a description of its roles, composition, and responsibilities to the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS). |
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Term
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Definition
| Establishment of the Applied Research Ethics National Association (ARENA) |
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Term
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Definition
| PHS Policy updated to include provisions of the Health Research Extension Act of 1985 |
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Term
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Definition
| A consortium of organizations & agencies published the first edition of the Guide for the Care & Use of Agricultural Animals in Agricultural Research & Teaching (the Ag Guide) |
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Term
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Definition
| USDA issued the Animal Welfare Regulations (AWR) at 9 CFR 1-3 to enact the Animal Welfare Act |
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Term
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Definition
| USDA promulgated regulations (known as Parts 1 & 2) implementing the 1985 Animal Welfare Act amendments |
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Term
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Definition
1. The structure of the Office for Protection from Research Risks (OPRR) was changed to establish a Division of Animal Welfare
2. USDA promulgated standards known as Subpart B, Registration & Subpart C, Research Facilities (Animal Welfare Act) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| USDA promulgated standards known as Part 3; amendments made to Part 2: Regulations in Subpart A, Licensing & Subpart D, AV & Adequate Veterinary Care (Animal Welfare Act) |
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Term
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Definition
| First Institutional Animal Care & Use Committee Guidebook developed by a committee under the auspices of the Applied Research Ethics National Association (ARENA) & OPRR |
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Term
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Definition
| Establishment of the Institute for Laboratory Animal Management (ILAM) |
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Term
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Definition
1. The National Research Council (NRC) published the 7th edition of the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals
2. AAALAC became the Association for the Assessment & Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care International (AAALAC International) |
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Term
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Definition
| Release of the 2nd edition of the Ag Guide |
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Term
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Definition
| OPRR Division of Animal Welfare separated from OPRR & became the Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare (OLAW), NIH |
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Term
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Definition
| ARENA/OLAW Institutional Animal Care & Use Committee Guidebook, 2nd edition published |
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Term
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Definition
| The AVMA revised & changed the name of its guidelines to the AVMA Guidelines on Euthanasia |
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Term
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Definition
| Release of the 3rd edition of the Ag Guide |
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Term
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Definition
| Release of the 8th edition of the Guide for the Care & Use of Laboratory Animals |
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Term
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Definition
| The AVMA revised its euthanasia guidelines |
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Term
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Definition
1. The AVMA revised its euthanasia guidelines
2. Release of the 4th edition of the Ag Guide |
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Term
| The regulations that apply to work conducted at an institution depend on which two criteria? |
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Definition
1. Species being used &
2. Source of funding that supports an animal study |
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Term
| Name an important distinction between the USDA and the OLAW regulations |
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Definition
1. The USDA regulations apply to "covered species," which include all warm-blooded vertebrate animals EXCEPT laboratory mice of the genus Mus, rats of the genus Rattus, and birds bred for use in research.
2. The OLAW regulations apply to ALL vertebrate animal studies for which PHS or NSF funds have been granted. |
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Term
| Animal Welfare Regulations' (AWR's) definition of animal |
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Definition
| Any live OR dead dog, cat, nonhuman primate, guinea pig, hamster, rabbit, or any other warm-blooded animal, which is being used, or is intended for use for research, teaching, testing, experimentation, or exhibition purposes, or as a pet |
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Term
| What does the AWR's definition of animal exclude? |
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Definition
| This term excludes: mice of the genus Mus, rats of the genus Rattus, and birds bred for use in research; horses NOT used for research purposes, & other farm animals such as, but not limited to, livestock or poultry used or intended for use as food or fiber or livestock or poultry used or intended for use for improving animal nutrition, breeding management, or production efficiency, or for improving the quality of food or fiber. |
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Term
| What does the AWR definition of animal mean by the term "dog?" |
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Definition
| With respect to a dog, the term means ALL dogs, including those used for hunting, security, or breeding purposes. |
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Term
| PHS Policy definition of animal |
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Definition
| Any live vertebrate animal used or intended for use in research, research training, experimentation, or biological testing, or for related purposes. |
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Term
| Can the IO be a voting member of the IACUC? |
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Definition
OLAW, USDA, & AAALAC International say yes.
Note: these agencies do not recommend, but it is not prohibited. |
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Term
| Can the animal facility manager serve as the IO? |
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Definition
OLAW,USDA, & AAALAC International say yes
Note: highly unlikely that the animal facility manager will possess requirements needed to fulfill this role. |
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Term
| Does the IACUC Chair have to be affiliated with the institution? |
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Definition
OLAW & USDA say no
Note: the only position required to be affiliated is the Attending Veterinarian |
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Term
| Can someone other than an animal research scientist fill the position of IACUC Chair? |
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Definition
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Term
| Can the Attending Veterinarian serve as the IACUC Chair? |
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Definition
OLAW, USDA, and AAALAC International say yes!
Note: Does not make for a well-balanced committee. |
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Term
| Our institution has 2 IACUC's. Can our nonaffiliated member (NAM) serve on both IACUCs? |
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Definition
| OLAW says no! USDA says yes! AAALAC International says maybe! |
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Term
| Can the nonaffiliated member (NAM) on the IRB also serve on the IACUC as either the primary NAM or the alternate NAM? |
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Definition
| OLAW says no! USDA says yes! AAALAC International says maybe! |
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Term
| Can the animal facility manager of a research facility at a local non-affiliated institution serve as our NAM? |
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Definition
| OLAW, USDA, and AAALAC International say no! |
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Term
| Can the animal facility manager of a research facility at a local non-affiliated institution serve as our NAM? |
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Definition
| OLAW, USDA, and AAALAC International say no! |
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Term
| Can the companion animal veterinarian from a local veterinarian clinic serve as our NAM? |
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Definition
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Term
| Can a former lab animal user who is not affiliated with our institution serve as the NAM on our IACUC? |
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Definition
OLAW says no! USDA says yes!
Note: regarding USDA, it's not recommended, but it's also not prohibited; think of perception! |
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Term
| Can an individual whose daughter works at our company serve as our NAM of the IACUC? |
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Definition
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Term
| Can an Occupational Health nurse, physician, environmental health profession, physicist, chemist, or mechanical engineer serve as the nonscientist member? |
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Definition
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Term
| Can our animal facility manager, clinical veterinarian, or veterinarian technician serve as our nonscientist? |
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Definition
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Term
| Can individuals who are strictly involved in IACUC administration (e.g., tracking protocol & annual renewals, assisting in regulatory reports, facilitating IACUC requests for modifications, etc.) & who have a science degree (BS or MS) be a nonscientist member on the IACUC? |
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Definition
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Term
Scenario: The Ag Guide requires that an IACUC include "a scientist who has experience in Ag. research or teaching involving Ag. animals."
Question: Does a scientist who is active in Ag. research &/or Ag. teaching, but not biomedical research meet the PHS Policy definition for "practicing scientist?" |
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Definition
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Term
Scenario: We are a very small biotech. The company's president is the IO for our ACUP. Our employees consist of 2 scientists, an animal caretaker, & a receptionist.
Question: Can all 4 be appointed to the IACUC without exceeding the USDA regulation of "no more than 3 from the same administrative unit?" |
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Definition
USDA says maybe!
Note: agency is flexible in these scenarios. |
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Term
Scenario: Our IACUC convened with 6 out of 11 "primary" members, including scientific member, Dr. Davies. Dr. Markum, one of our alternate scientific members, was also present at the meeting. Halfway through the meeting, Dr. Davies' protocol came up for review. Since Davies was conflicted with the review of his protocol, he could no longer contribute to the quorum or vote. Without quorum, the protocol would have to be tabled to the next convened meeting.
Question: Can the IACUC rely on the alternate, Dr. Markum to contribute to the quorum during the review of Dr. Davies' protocol, and after completing the review, conduct the remaining IACUC official business with Dr. Davies contributing to the quorum again? |
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Definition
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Term
Scenario: Our IACUC primary members are pressed for time. Often they do not have time for additional IACUC activities outside of participating in convened meetings. To ease the load, our IACUC Chair routinely designates alternate IACUC members to perform DMR rather than primary members.
Question: Is this an appropriate use of alternate IACUC members? |
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Definition
| OLAW, USDA, & AAALAC International say no! |
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Term
Scenario: Our university has many labs outside the core animal facilities where rodents are housed for >24 hours, USDA-regulated species for >12 hours, & labs where surgery is performed. Since our primary IACUC members are often unavailable to go on inspections, our alternate IACUC members conduct the majority of inspections.
Question: Is this an appropriate use of alternate IACUC members? |
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Definition
| OLAW, USDA, & AAALAC International say yes! |
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Term
| Can the IACUC set policy that allows amendment that address pain relieving agents to go directly to the AV for DMR without giving IACUC members the opportunity to request FCR? |
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Definition
| OLAW, USDA, & AAALAC International say no! |
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Term
Scenario: While we do not have a VVC process in place, our IACUC has approved drug formularies that describes recommended pain relieving agents for our research animals.
Question: Can PI's avoid sending an amendment for FCR or DMR review by asking our AV to administratively manage a request for a change in pain relieving agents? |
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Definition
OLAW & USDA say no!
Note: this is a significant change. |
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Term
Scenario: A rabbit was exhibiting signs of pain following an IACUC-approved surgery. The PI immediately contacted a clinical vet. The vet examined the animal and recommended an analgesic that was not listed in the approved protocol.
The vet told the PI that an amendment and prior IACUC approval to administer the unapproved analgesic were not required.
Question: Does the PI need an IACUC-approved amendment before administering the recommended analgesic to the rabbit? |
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Definition
OLAW & USDA say no if done for medical reasons, and a one-time use is fine.
AAALAC International agrees but that an amendment would be required for future surgeries |
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Term
Scenario: A rabbit was exhibiting signs of pain following an IACUC-approved surgery. The PI immediately contacted a clinical vet. The vet examined the animal and recommended an analgesic that was not listed in the approved protocol.
We have a VVC process. Our IACUC has review and approved drug formularies that describe recommended pain relieving agents and authorized a vet to verify that any proposed changes to analgesics are in the approved formularies and their use is appropriate under the circumstances.
Question: Can the change is analgesic be extended to all subsequent rabbits on the protocol without an IACUC-approved amendment? |
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Definition
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Term
Scenario: A PI is approved for collecting a single daily sample of blood from dogs for 5 consecutive days. On day 5, the PI discovers that test compound metabolite levels in the blood have not returned to pre-test compound administration levels, and 2 additional days of blood sampling are necessary. The Lab Animal Resources veterinarians have posted guidelines for volume, frequency and duration of blood collection in dogs on the institution's Intranet. The PI checks the guidelines and confirms that the additional sampling with within guidelines. The IACUC has not established a VVC process.
Question: Is the PI's only recourse to write an amendment requesting additional blood samples and wait for approval by FCR or DMR? |
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Definition
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Term
Scenario: A PI is approved for collecting a single daily sample of blood from dogs for 5 consecutive days. On day 5, the PI discovers that test compound metabolite levels in the blood have not returned to pre-test compound administration levels, and 2 additional days of blood sampling are necessary. The Lab Animal Resources veterinarians have posted guidelines for volume, frequency and duration of blood collection in dogs on the institution's Intranet. The PI checks the guidelines and confirms that the additional sampling with within guidelines. The IACUC has not established a VVC process.
Question: What must be in place in order for the PI to collect blood without submitted an amendment for FCR or DMR and waiting for IACUC approval? |
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Definition
1. IACUC-approved blood collection policy
2. Established VVC process
3. IACUC-authorized vet
4. Documentation of the change in the protocol or protocol file. |
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Term
| Nonhuman primates (NHPs) anesthetized for MRI |
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Definition
| Category C = anesthetized to keep them immobile |
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Term
| Rabbits anesthetized for echocardiograms |
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Definition
| Category D = anesthetized to reduce pain and distress |
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Term
| NHPs specifically anesthetized for routine TB testing. While under anesthesia, collars are placed on them in preparation for a future PK study requiring pole and collar restraint. |
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Definition
| Category C usually, but Category D if restraint would be stressful. |
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Term
| Survival blood collection by cardiac stick under deep anesthesia |
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Definition
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Term
| Euthanasia by cardiac stick exsanguination under deep anesthesia |
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Definition
| Category C usually, but Category D to maintain comfort if stress occurs |
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Term
| Euthanasia by aesthetic overdose |
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Definition
| Category C assuming it meets the definition of euthanasia |
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Term
| Physical methods of euthanasia on anesthetized (e.g., cervical dislocation or decapitation of small rodents) |
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Definition
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Term
| Physical methods of euthanasia with out anesthesia (e.g., gun shot for wildlife studies or captive bolt for ag. animals) |
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Definition
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Term
| A research study in which dogs are purposely infected with a parasite (e.g., protozoan parasite giardia) that subsequently causes diarrhea and general malaise in untreated controls and animals receiving low doses of a new drug being tested to treat the condition |
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Definition
| Category E - treated and untreated controls |
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Term
| A research study in which dogs under go mitral valve regurgitation to induce congestive heart failure for the purpose of testing a potentially effective drug against the condition |
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Definition
| Category D - effective vs. not effective |
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Term
| A research study in which retire breeders (purchased from a licensed dealer) with pre-existing congestive heart failure are treated with a potentially effective drug against the condition |
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Definition
| Category C - looking at research-driven procedures |
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Term
Congruency is a(n) _______________________ responsibility for a comparative review of the protocol and grant proposal to ensure that all animal procedures described in the grant are in agreement with the IACUC-approved protocol.
A. Sponsor
B. Department
C. Federal
D. Organizational |
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Definition
D. Organizational
Comment: According to the PHS Policy at Section V.B., PHS-assured organizations must provide “verification of approval by the IACUC of those components of the application or proposal related to the care and use of animals.” Additionally, the NIH Grants Policy Statement at 4.1.1.2 states that “it is an institutional responsibility to ensure that the research described in the application is congruent with any corresponding protocols approved by the IACUC.” Congruency is a comparative review of the protocol and grant proposal to ensure that the proposed work with animals has been approved by the IACUC. |
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Term
The regulations require which of the following roles for an animal care & use program?
A. Attending Veterinarian (AV)
B. Census & procurement supervisor
C. IACUC office manager
D. Animal facility manager |
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Definition
A. Attending Veterinarian (AV)
Comment: The Health Research Extension Act of 1985, the PHS Policy, the Guide, and the Animal Welfare Regulations (AWR) require that an animal care and use program has a veterinarian with delegated authority to provide adequate veterinary care for activities involving animals at the organization. The Guide and
the AWR refer to this individual as the AV. |
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Term
Organizations are required to ensure congruency between with of the following?
A. IACUC meeting dates & catering orders
B. Grant & animal protocol
C. Animal charges & per diem rates
D. Reviewers and vets |
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Definition
B. Grant & animal protocol
Comment: According to the PHS Policy at Section V.B., PHS-assured organizations must provide “verification of approval by the IACUC of those components of the application or proposal related to the care and use of animals.” Additionally, the NIH Grants Policy Statement at 4.1.1.2 states that “it is an institutional responsibility to ensure that the research described in the application is congruent with any corresponding protocols approved by the IACUC.” This does not require a side-by-side comparison of the protocol and grant, but the organization is responsible for ensuring that what the IACUC reviewed and approved is congruent with the grant. |
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Term
Organizations may experience unexpected catastrophic events that impact the animal care & use protocol. PHS-assured organizations are required to follow the Guide & must have with of the following?
A. a disaster plan
B. a hazmat team
C. staff security personnel
D. an insurance policy |
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Definition
A. a disaster plan
Comment: As stipulated in the Guide, organizations must have a disaster plan to maintain the humane care of animals and their appropriate handling, transport, and housing when unanticipated events occur. |
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Term
The goal of environmental enrichment is to promote the ________________ of animals.
A. Longevity
B. Abhorrent behavior
C. Psychological well-being
D. Nutrition |
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Definition
C. Psychological well-being
Comment: The goal of environmental enrichment is to promote the psychological well-being of animals as well as species-typical behavior |
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Term
According to the regulations, which of the following is NOT included in the vet care program?
A. Anesthesia, analgesia, & euthanasia
B. Animal health & well-being
C. Personnel safety
D. Per diems |
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Definition
D. Per diems
Comment: While per diems and associated costs and charges for the care and use of animals are part of the operational side of an animal program, there is no requirement to establish charges for veterinary care services from a regulatory perspective under the veterinary care program. |
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Term
Which of the following items should a MOU include?
A. Caging, AV name, per diems
B. Vet care, cage size, animal ownership
C. IACUC oversight, IACUC roles & responsibilities, & animal oversight
D. Per diems, cage size, vet care |
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Definition
C. IACUC oversight, IACUC roles & responsibilities & animal oversight
Comment: An MOU addresses roles and responsibilities between organizations for collaborative work. MOUs should include IACUC oversight, the principal investigator’s name, the performance sites, and animal ownership. |
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Term
Which of the following is not a benefit of a post-approval monitoring (PAM) program?
A. Identifies drift
B. Identifies potential noncompliance
C. Approves an animal activity
D. Provides opportunities for training |
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Definition
C. Approves an animal activity
Comment: While federal regulations do not require a PAM program, there are many benefits to having one because it helps the IACUC with ongoing oversight of the animal care and use program. The authority to approve an animal activity resides with the IACUC. |
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Term
Which of the following outlines training requirements for personnel with respect to the "3 R's" (reduction, refinement, replacement)?
A. Only the Animal Welfare Act (AWA)
B. Only the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals (the Guide)
C. Both the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals (the Guide) and Animal Welfare Act (AWA)
D. Only the U.S. Government Principles |
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Definition
C. Both the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals (the Guide) and Animal Welfare Act (AWA)
Comment: While you can find the concepts of the 3Rs in the U.S. Government Principles, they do not specifically require training in the 3Rs. Only the AWA and the Guide require that personnel are trained to consider these ethical tenets when designing and conducting research, teaching, or testing on live, vertebrate animals. |
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Term
Which of the following requires that personnel are trained to report concerns?
A. Both the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals (the Guide) & PHS Policy
B. Only the Animal Welfare Regulations (AWR)
C. Both the Animal Welfare Regulations (AWR) and the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals (the Guide)
D. Only PHS Policy |
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Definition
Both the Animal Welfare Regulations (AWR) and the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals (the Guide)
Comment: Both the AWR and the Guide require the organization to support the training and instruction of personnel on the methods used to report a concern regarding the care and/or use of live, vertebrate animals. |
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Term
Which of the following does not have a specific requirement for an Occupational Health and Safety Program (OHSP)?
A. The Guide
B. PHS Policy
C. Animal Welfare Regulations (AWR)
D. NIH Guidelines for Research Involving Recombinant or Synthetic Nucleic Acid Molecules |
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Definition
C. Animal Welfare Regulations (AWR)
Comment: The AWR do not have specific requirements for personnel’s occupational health. |
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Term
When does the IACUC evaluate the Occupational Health and Safety Program (OHSP)?
A. During the IACUC semiannual program review
B. During the IACUC semiannual facility inspection
C. After receiving noncompliance reports
D. During protocol review |
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Definition
A. During the IACUC semiannual program review
Comment During the semiannual program review, the IACUC evaluates that units, such as employee health, environmental health and safety, radiation safety, the Institutional Biosafety Committee, and animal care and use personnel, are working together effectively and functioning appropriately across the animal program. |
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Term
Personnel working with animals in research must ____________________________.
A. Be appropriately trained, qualified, & competent for the procedures they will conduct
B. Know the differences between species such as mice and rats
C. Be a vet
D. Work in a lab |
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Definition
A. Be appropriately training, qualified, & competent for the procedures they will conduct.
Comment: Per the PHS Policy at Section IV.C.1.f. and the AWR at 9 CFR 2.31(d)(1)(viii), personnel who work with animals in research must be appropriately trained, qualified, and competent for the procedures they will conduct. The Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals (the Guide) also endorses the concept of training as a vital component of ensuring the humane care and use of animals, with a focus on the “3Rs”(replacement, refinement, reduction). |
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Term
The __________________ is responsible for the training program's oversight & evaluation.
A. Organization
B. AV
C. IO
D. IACUC |
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Definition
D. IACUC
Comment: According to the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals (the Guide), the IACUC is responsible for providing oversight and evaluating the training program’s effectiveness. |
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Term
Who is responsible for providing resources for the training program?
A. Attending Veterinarian (AV)
B. The Institutional Official (IO)
C. Lab personnel
D. The IACUC Chair |
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Definition
B. IO
Comment: Per the PHS Policy at Section IV.A.1.g. and the AWR at 9 CFR 2.32(b), the organization is responsible for ensuring that training and instruction of personnel is available, and the IO is responsible for providing resources for the training program. |
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Term
The _____________________ is responsible for training personnel in euthanasia methods.
A. Organization or facility
B. Principal Investigator (PI)
C. Attending Veterinarian (AV)
D. Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) |
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Definition
A. Organization or facility
Comment: According to the AVMA Guidelines for the Euthanasia of Animals, it is the responsibility of the organization or facility to support personnel training in humane euthanasia methods. |
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Term
An IACUC has 10 voting members. At a minimum, how many of these members must be at the meeting & be able to vote to conduct official business?
A. 9 members
B. 10 members
C. 3 members
D. 6 members |
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Definition
D. 6 members
Comment: Because there are 10 voting members, at least 6 must be at the meeting and able to vote, because quorum is a majority of voting members. Both the PHS Policy and the Animal Welfare Regulations (AWR) require a quorum to conduct official IACUC business at a convened meeting. This requires a majority of voting members to be present at the meeting. |
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Term
What should IACUC meeting minutes document?
A. Member phone numbers, information technology support, and meeting start time
B. Information technology support, meeting start time, and meeting attendance
C. Meeting attendance, meeting lunch break time, and meeting start time
D. IACUC meeting deliberations, activities, and attendance |
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Definition
D. IACUC meeting deliberations, activities, and attendance
Comment: The PHS Policy at Section IV.E. and the Animal Welfare Regulations (AWR) at 9 CFR 2.35(a)(1) require organizations to
maintain “minutes of IACUC meetings, including records of attendance, activities of the Committee, and Committee deliberations.” |
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Term
In accordance with PHS Policy, in advance of the IACUC meeting, you must provide members with which of the following?
A. The IACUC members' names
B. The IACUC staff's contact information
C. A list of protocols that the IACUC will review
D. Principal investigator names on all protocols |
|
Definition
C. A list of protocols that the IACUC will review
Comment: In accordance with PHS Policy at Section C.2., you must provide the IACUC with a list of the protocols that the IACUC will review. If a member requests additional information, you must also provide the full protocol and a summary of the protocol. |
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Term
Which of the following is a typical IACUC administrator role?
A. Managing data and conducting administrative reviews of protocols
B. Approving protocols
C. Inspecting animal facilities
D. Suspending protocols |
|
Definition
A. Managing data and conducting administrative reviews of protocols
Comment: The administrator provides administrative support for IACUC activities such as training, administrative protocol reviews, and data management. While you may provide support to the IACUC with investigating animal welfare concerns, the PHS Policy and the Animal Welfare Regulations (AWR) assign this responsibility to the IACUC. |
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Term
How often must IACUCs at PHS-assured organizations conduct continuing review of protocols?
A. Every 5 years
B. Every 6 years
C. Every 2 years
D. Every 3 years |
|
Definition
D. Every 3 years
Comment: In accordance with the PHS Policy, IACUCs may only approve protocols for a maximum of three years. After three years, the IACUC must then conduct continuing review. |
|
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Term
IACUC meeting minutes must be kept for a minimum of how many years?
A. 7 years
B. 1 year
C. 6 years
D. 3 years |
|
Definition
D. 3 years
Comment: In accordance with the PHS Policy and the Animal Welfare Regulations (AWR), minutes must be kept for a minimum of three years. |
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Term
To conduct official business at a convened meeting, what must an IACUC have?
A. Several years of experience
B. A quorum
C. Food served at the meeting
D. The PI present at the meeting |
|
Definition
B. A quorum
Comment: Both the PHS Policy and the Animal Welfare Regulations (AWR) require a quorum to conduct official IACUC business at a convened meeting. This requires a majority of the voting members to be present at the meeting. A motion in favor of an IACUC action requires a majority vote of the quorum present at the meeting. If quorum is lost during a meeting, official IACUC business may not proceed until the IACUC regains quorum. |
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Term
Protocol records, including significant changes to protocols, must be kept for what period of time?
A. Indefinitely
B. The duration of work plus 3 years after completion
C. 3 years
D. The duration of work, plus 20 years |
|
Definition
B. The duration of work plus 3 years after completion
Comment: According to the PHS Policy and the Animal Welfare Regulations (AWR), all required records must be kept for at least 3 years. Records that pertain to protocols, including significant changes reviewed and approved by the IACUC, must be maintained during the activity and for 3 years after completion of the activity. |
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Term
If an IACUC member has a conflict of interest during protocol review, what should the member do?
A. Notify the IACUC chair about the conflict of interest and ask to be removed from the review
B. Nothing
C. Call the PI to discuss the protocol
D. Review the protocol |
|
Definition
A. Notify the IACUC chair about the conflict of interest and ask to be removed from the review
Comment: According to the PHS Policy and the Animal Welfare Regulations (AWR), no member may participate in the IACUC review or approval of a research activity in which the member has a conflicting interest (for example, personal involvement in the project) except to provide information that the IACUC requests. An IACUC member should notify the IACUC chair about the conflict of interest and recuse themselves from the meeting deliberations. |
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Term
What laws require the IACUC to review proposed animal activities?
A. Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) and Health Research Extension Act (HREA)
B. Clean Air Act and Animal Welfare Act (AWA)
C. Health Research Extension Act (HREA) and Animal Welfare Act (AWA)
D. Trade Secrets Act and Animal Welfare Act (AWA) |
|
Definition
Health Research Extension Act (HREA) and Animal Welfare Act (AWA)
Comment: The HREA and AWA provide the statutory mandate that requires the IACUC to review proposed animal activities. |
|
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Term
Who is responsible for appointing a member to serve on the IACUC?
A. Attending Veterinarian (AV)
B. IACUC Chair
C. Chief Executive Officer (CEO)
D. Principal Investigators (PIs) |
|
Definition
C. Chief Executive Officer (CEO)
Comment: The PHS Policy and the Animal Welfare Regulations (AWR) state that the CEO is responsible for appointing the IACUC. The Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare (OLAW) considers the CEO to be an organization’s highest-ranking official. The CEO can serve as the IO but may delegate authority in writing to the IO for appointing IACUC members. |
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Term
According to both the PHS Policy and the Animal Welfare Regulations (AWR), a significant deficiency is a/an______ to the health and safety of the animals.
A. Threat
B. Adverse event
C. Welfare concern
D. Violation |
|
Definition
A. Threat
Comment: The PHS Policy and AWR define a significant deficiency as a threat to the health and safety of the animals. Depending on the situation, documented evidence of harm(s) and the potential for harm(s) (in other words, threat to the health and safety of the animals) are significant deficiencies. |
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Term
Who is responsible for the health and welfare of the organization’s animals used in research, teaching, or testing?
A. Chief Executive Officer (CEO)
B. Attending Veterinarian (AV)
C. Institutional Official (IO)
D. Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) |
|
Definition
B. Attending Veterinarian (AV)
Comment: The AV or the AV’s designee is responsible for the health and welfare of the animals used in research, teaching, or testing at the organization. The veterinarian has the same authority and power as the IACUC to halt a procedure or require euthanasia if there is an animal welfare concern. |
|
|
Term
Which of the following is a reporting requirement per the Animal Welfare Regulations (AWR)?
A. Noncompliance involving zebrafish
B. Report to the funding agency
C. Study suspension
D. All reportable incidents of noncompliance |
|
Definition
C. Study suspension
Comment: The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) requires a report for any suspension of an activity involving USDA-covered species and the appropriate corrective action taken. |
|
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Term
Who is responsible for reporting IACUC actions for incidents of noncompliance to the Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare (OLAW)?
A. Attending Veterinarian (AV)
B. Nonaffiliated member
C. IACUC Chair
D. Institutional Official (IO) |
|
Definition
D. Institutional Official (IO)
Comment: The PHS Policy at Section IV.F.1. states “the IACUC, through the Institutional Official, shall report in writing to OLAW.” Further, “OLAW recommends that an authorized institutional representative provide a preliminary report to OLAW as soon as possible and follow-up with a thorough report once action has been taken” (Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare [OLAW]. 2005. “Guidance on Prompt Reporting to OLAW under the PHS Policy on Humane Care and Use of Laboratory Animals.” Accessed September 23, 2019). |
|
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Term
Which of the following semiannual program evaluation requirements is specific only to the Animal Welfare Regulations (AWR)?
A. Reviewing the animal care and use program every six months.
B. Identifying any significant deficiencies and developing a plan and schedule for correction.
C. Summarizing the organization’s adherence to the regulations.
D. Reporting a failure to adhere to a plan and scheduling for correcting a significant deficiency, in writing, within 15 business days to the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS), through the Institutional Official (IO). |
|
Definition
D. Reporting a failure to adhere to a plan and scheduling for correcting a significant deficiency, in writing, within 15 business days to the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS), through the Institutional Official (IO).
Comment: The AWR require that registered facilities report failure to adhere to a plan and schedule for correcting a significant deficiency within 15 business days. A significant deficiency is a direct threat to animal and/or human health or safety. |
|
|
Term
An organization must have a plan for reporting concerns that includes which of the following?
A. Reporting methods that allow individuals to contact the reporting party to obtain necessary information.
B. An anonymous mechanism to report the concerns and protection for the reporting party.
C. Full disclosure of the reporting party to the IACUC.
D. Anonymity of the party that the report implicates |
|
Definition
B. An anonymous mechanism to report the concerns and protection for the reporting party.
Comment: The PHS Policy and Animal Welfare Regulations (AWR) establish guidelines such that the IACUC is responsible for reviewing concerns that involve the care and use of animals in research. The Guide recommends that the IACUC to develop a mechanism to review, and investigate if necessary, all concerns about the care and use of animals at the organization. The process should include anonymous reporting mechanisms (such as a hotline) that are available in the public domain. It should also follow applicable whistleblower policies and provide protection from reprisal and/or discrimination of the reporting party. |
|
|
Term
According to the Animal Welfare Regulations (AWR), semiannual inspections are required for study areas and satellite facilities that house animals for what period of time?
A. More than 12 hours
B. More than 8 hours
C. More than 36 hours
D. More than 24 hours |
|
Definition
A. More than 12 hours
Comment: The AWR require that registered facilities conduct semiannual inspections of animal study areas and facilities, which includes both vivarium and non-vivarium (in other words, satellite housing of animals) for more than 12 hours. |
|
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Term
To suspend a protocol, the IACUC must review the activity by doing which of the following?
A. Convening a meeting with a quorum, followed by a majority vote after deliberation
B. Full Committee Review (FCR)
C. Convening a meeting with a quorum
D. Designated Member Review (DMR) |
|
Definition
A. Convening a meeting with a quorum, followed by a majority vote after deliberation
Comment: The PHS Policy at Section IV.C.6. states, “The IACUC may suspend an activity only after review of the matter at a convened meeting of a quorum of the IACUC and with the suspension vote of a majority of the quorum present.” |
|
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Term
Which of the following two committee positions are required by the PHS Policy, but are not required by the Animal Welfare Regulations (AWR)?
A. Nonaffiliated member and nonscientist
B. Veterinarian and nonaffiliated member
C. Nonaffiliated member and practicing scientist
D. Nonscientist and practicing scientist |
|
Definition
D. Nonscientist and practicing scientist
Comment: The PHS Policy requires a nonscientist and a practicing scientist, in addition to the veterinarian and nonaffiliated member, to have a duly constituted IACUC. Both the PHS Policy and the AWR require a veterinarian and nonaffiliated member. The veterinarian has a specific role and is responsible for the health and welfare of the animals at the organization. The nonaffiliated member represents the public’s interest in animal research, teaching, or testing. |
|
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Term
According to the Animal Welfare Regulations (AWR), how many members must an IACUC have?
A. Six
B. Four
C. Three
D. Five |
|
Definition
C. Three
Comment: According to the AWR, the IACUC must have at least three members. However, it cannot have three members from the same administrative unit. There must be a veterinarian and a nonaffiliated member. The PHS Policy requires a minimum of five IACUC members, including a veterinarian, an individual not otherwise affiliated with the organization, a scientist, and a nonscientist committee member. |
|
|
Term
Who is responsible for reviewing concerns involving the care and use of animals at the organization?
A. Legal Counsel
B. Institutional Official (IO)
C. Attending Veterinarian (AV)
D. Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) |
|
Definition
D. Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC)
Comment: The IACUC, as an agent of the organization, shall review animal care and use concerns at the organization. |
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Term
According to the PHS Policy, what basic information does not need to be in protocols that are under the IACUC’s consideration?
A. Funding source
B. Description of the proposed use of animals
C. Proposed species and number of animals
D. Method of euthanasia |
|
Definition
A. Funding source
Comment: The PHS Policy requires the following basic information be part of a protocol that is under the IACUC’s consideration: the species and approximate number of animals proposed for use; a rationale for the involvement of the animals; a justification of the species and numbers used; a complete description of the proposed use of the animals (for example, the research plan); a description of the procedures that will ensure that discomfort and injury to animals will be limited to that which is unavoidable in the conduct of scientifically valuable research, and that analgesic, anesthetic, and tranquilizing drugs will be used where indicated and appropriate to minimize discomfort and pain to animals; and description of euthanasia method(s). Many IACUC's ask for a lay description/summary of work, so those who are not familiar with the work or methods used can understand. |
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Term
Select the option that reflects a departure from the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals.
A. A deficiency from the Guide standards
B. An exemption from the Guide standards
C. A deviation from the Guide standards
D. An exception from the Guide standards |
|
Definition
C. A deviation from the Guide standards
Comment: An approved departure is a deviation from a "must" or "should" statement for scientific or veterinary/welfare reason(s). |
|
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Term
Who can withhold approval of a protocol submission?
A. Attending Veterinarian (AV)
B. The full committee
C. IACUC Chair
D. Designated member |
|
Definition
B. The full committee
Comment: The IACUC may withhold approval of protocols but only after review by the full committee. DMR's cannot withhold approval. Instead, they must call for full committee review (FCR) of the protocol. |
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Term
What sources of authority in the animal care & use program do the Health Research Extension Act (HREA) & the Animal Welfare Act (AWA) mandate?
A. IO, AV, & the IACUC
B. IACUC Chair, AV & nonscientist
C. Scientist, IO, & AV
D. The IACUC, nonaffiliated member, & IO |
|
Definition
A. IO, AV, & the IACUC
Comment: The HREA and the AWA mandate that an animal care & use program have an IO, AV, & the IACUC. |
|
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Term
Which of the following should be considered a significant change to an animal use proposal?
A. Change in department affiliation of the PI
B. Change in start date of the study
C. Change in anesthetic agent
D. Change in fluid administration |
|
Definition
| C. Change in anesthetic agent |
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Term
Which of the following entities are required to release information per the Freedom of Information Act?
A. OLAW
B. AAALAC International
C. IACUC
D. HSUS |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following procedures may correctly be applied to Designated Member Review?
A. The IACUC Chair appoints one member to do the Designated Member Review.
B. The designated member reviewer is authorized to approve, require modifications, or disapprove the proposal.
C. All members receive information about the proposal and send their votes to the designated member reviewer for tallying.
D. Designated member review may be utilized to review proposals when there is insufficient time to notify the full membership of the proposal details. |
|
Definition
| A. The IACUC Chair appoints one member to do the DMR |
|
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Term
In which of the following circumstances may animal work begin before receipt of IACUC approval?
A. It's a continuing study awaiting a 3-year renewal & for which the renewal protocol has been submitted to the IACUC.
B. It's a small pilot study on non-AWAR species.
C. It's a teaching activity that uses students' personally owned dogs & cats.
D. There are no circumstances in which animal work may begin before IACUC approval. |
|
Definition
| D. There are no circumstances in which animal work may begin before IACUC approval is obtained |
|
|
Term
Which statement about the responsibility & authority of the IO is false?
A. The IO must have authority to commit institutional resources in support of the animal care and use program.
B. If the IO is not the institution's Chief Executive Officer, then the CEO must delegate IO authority to that person in writing.
C. The IO may reinstate an animal activity that was previously suspended by the IACUC.
D. The IO may suspend an animal activity that was previously approved by the IACUC. |
|
Definition
| C. The IO may reinstate an animal activity that was previously suspended by the IACUC. |
|
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Term
With regard to conducting official IACUC business, the definition of a quorum is:
A. More than 50% (a majority) of voting members.
B. 50% of voting & non-voting members combined.
C. More than 50% (a majority) of voting & non-voting members combined.
D. 50% of the voting members. |
|
Definition
| A. More than 50% (a majority) of voting members |
|
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Term
Notifying investigators of IACUC protocol review outcomes in writing is:
A. A common courtesy not required by regulation authorities.
B. Allowed by the USDA Animal Welfare Act Regulations and PHS Policy only after the minutes have been prepared and approved by the IACUC during a convened meeting.
C. Required by both the USDA Animal Welfare Act Regulations and PHS Policy.
D. Allowed by the USDA Animal Welfare Act Regulations and PHS Policy only after the IO is notified of the review outcome. |
|
Definition
| C. Required by both the USDA Animal Welfare Act Regulations and PHS Policy. |
|
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Term
According to the Animal Welfare Act Regulations of the USDA, when conducting a semi-annual evaluation, the IACUC must conduct the evaluation:
A. With at least 1 IACUC member and allow participation by any member who wishes to do so.
B. With at least 2 IACUC members and allow participation by any member who wishes to do so.
C. With a majority of IACUC members present, including the non-affiliated member.
D. With all IACUC members present. |
|
Definition
| B. With at least 2 IACUC members and allow participation by any member who wishes to do so. |
|
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Term
Who is given the authority to decide if a deficiency identified during a semi-annual IACUC evaluation is significant or minor?
A. The IACUC & IO together.
B. The Attending Veterinarian (AV) & the IACUC together.
C. Only the IACUC.
D. Only the IO. |
|
Definition
| A. The IACUC & IO together. |
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Term
USDA-APHIS Animal Care Resource Policy #12 "Considerations of Alternatives to Painful/Distressful Procedures" states that when a database search is the primary means of considerations to alternatives of painful and distressful procedures, that a narrative should include all of the following except:
A. The name of the databases searched
B. The date the search was performed
C. The specific field of study
D. The search strategy (including scientifically relevant terminology) used |
|
Definition
| C. The specific field of study |
|
|
Term
What information must be provided in the report for deficiencies identified during the IACUC semi-annual self-evaluation?
A. A reasonable and specific plan and schedule for correcting significant deficiencies, and a description of minor deficiencies.
B. A reasonable and specific plan for correcting significant and minor deficiencies and a schedule for completing the corrective actions.
C. The name and title of the IACUC member who will perform the corrections and the institutional official in charge of verifying the corrections.
D. The name and title of institutional support personnel who will provide the corrections and the IACUC members in charge of verifying the corrections. |
|
Definition
| B. A reasonable and specific plan for correcting significant and minor deficiencies and a schedule for completing the corrective actions. |
|
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Term
The proper sequence for a designated member review by the IACUC is:
A. Review materials are sent to all voting members, full committee review is not requested by any member, the chairperson assigns one or more IACUC members as designated reviewers.
B. Review materials are sent to a quorum of designated reviewers, review results are solicited from designated reviewers, full committee approval of results is requested.
C. Review materials are sent to all voting members, a majority of members do not request full committee review, the chairperson assigns one or more IACUC members as designated reviewers.
D. Review materials are sent to a quorum of voting members, a majority of a quorum does not request full committee review, the chairperson assigns one or more IACUC members as designated reviewers. |
|
Definition
| A. Review materials are sent to all voting members, full committee review is not requested by any member, the chairperson assigns one or more IACUC members as designated reviewers. |
|
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Term
Training and instruction of personnel must include guidance in which of the following areas?
A. Effective writing of animal use proposals
B. Proper use of personal protective equipment
C. Appropriate communication with animal activist groups
D. Research or testing methods that limit the use of animals |
|
Definition
| D. Research or testing methods that limit the use of animals |
|
|
Term
Which of the following institutions must follow the PHS Policy?
A. Institutions that use any animals for research, teaching, or testing.
B. Institutions that use vertebrate animals for research, teaching, or testing.
C. Institutions that accept USDA research funds.
D. Institutions that accept PHS funding. |
|
Definition
| D. Institutions that accept PHS funding. |
|
|
Term
What are the "3Rs?"
A. Research, refinement, and recovery.
B. Replace, recognize, and recover.
C. Replacement, reduction, and refinement.
D. Research, results, and review. |
|
Definition
C. Replacement, reduction, and refinement.
Comment: In 1959, Russell & Burch established the foundation for considering alternatives to animal experimentation by defining three fundamental principles: reduction, refinement, and replacement. These principles are commonly know as the 3Rs. |
|
|
Term
What is a primary mission of the Animal Welfare Information Center (AWIC)?
A. Publishes the Animal Welfare Act Regulations and Standards.
B. Provides assistance with alternatives and database searches.
C. Publishes the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals.
D. Provides assistance with identifying the best laboratory animal cage washing equipment. |
|
Definition
| B. Provides assistance with alternatives and database searches. |
|
|
Term
Which agency requires an annual report of the number of animals used by pain/distress category?
A. American Association for Laboratory Animal Science
B. Association for Assessment and Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care
C. Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare
D. United States Department of Agriculture |
|
Definition
| D. United States Department of Agriculture |
|
|
Term
Regarding studies with infectious agents in animals, as the BSL and ABSL number increases from 1 to 4, what happens to the containment and safeguard practices?
A. They become less important.
B. They become less stringent.
C. They become more vague.
D. They become more stringent. |
|
Definition
| D. They become more stringent. |
|
|
Term
U.S. Government Principles on the Use of Animals in Research state that:
A. Relief of pain should be provided for vertebrate animals except for birds, mice and rats.
B. Animals will show evidence of pain if a procedure causes them pain.
C. Pain is perceived differently by animals than by humans.
D. Procedures that are painful to humans should be assumed to cause pain in animals unless there is evidence to the contrary. |
|
Definition
| D. Procedures that are painful to humans should be assumed to cause pain in animals unless there is evidence to the contrary. |
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|
Term
PHS policy states that the OLAW requires assurance renewal every:
a) three years
b) up to five years
c) four years
d) depends on the institution and program size |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The guide incorporated two must to Disaster Planning and Emergency Preparedness which involved:
a) triage plans for personnel and animals
b) emergency contacts for all researchers and staff
c) plans include satellite facilities
d) coordinated by the institutional official
e) provisions on euthanasia
The correct answer is:
1. a and e
2. a and d
3. c and e
4. All the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
For the VA semiannual program review and facility inspection report, which of the following need not be included:
a. Date of the review/inspection
b. Names of individuals responsible for corrective actions
c. The signatures of the majority of the voting members
d. The timeline for the corrective actions
e. The reason for the deficiency |
|
Definition
| c. The signatures of the majority of the voting members |
|
|
Term
According to the Guide, who can conduct Post-Approval Monitoring (PAM)?
a) IACUC
b) veterinarians
c) animal care personnel
d) compliance staff
e) all the above |
|
Definition
|
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Term
According to PHS, awardee institutions shall maintain good recordkeeping. Which one is not a recordkeeping requirement?
a) a copy of the Assurance approved by PHS
b) minutes of IACUC meetings
c) records of accrediting body determinations
d) records and proposals and applications and propose significant changes, IACUC reports and recommendations
e) records of semiannual IACUC reports to IO (including minority views)
f) all the above
g) none of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The 8th addition of the guide incorporated new additions to the guide: IACUC, IACUC Training, Personnel Security, Investigating and Reporting Animal Welfare Concerns, Veterinary Clinical Care Management, Drug Storage and Control. According to the Guide, what item is not a requirement for IACUC members:
a) Formal orientation to the institution's program
b) Training by a certified veterinarian on all procedures involving animals
c) Training on how to review protocols as well as evaluate the program
d) Training on how to inspect facilities and labs where animal use or housing occurs
e) Training on legislation, regulations, guidelines, and policies |
|
Definition
| b) Training by a certified veterinarian on all procedures involving animals |
|
|
Term
Which of the following is not required for IACUC membership according to the Ag Guide:
a. veterinarian with training or experience in laboratory animal science and medicine
b. scientist with training or experience in agricultural animals
c. a person whose primary concerns are in an area outside of science
d. a person who is not affiliated with the institution |
|
Definition
| a. veterinarian with training or experience in laboratory animal science and medicine |
|
|
Term
The IACUC must ensure that the protocol potentially benefits which of the following?
A. Researchers, scientific knowledge, animals, and society
B. Society, animals, publications, and funding eligibility
C. Humans, animals, the advancement of knowledge, and/or society
D. Humans, drug development, industry, and society |
|
Definition
C. Humans, animals, the advancement of knowledge, and/or society
Comment: In accordance with U.S. Government Principle II, the IACUC must ensure that the protocol potentially benefits humans, animals, the advancement of knowledge, and society. |
|
|
Term
What must organizations that receive PHS funds do?
A. Submit annual registrations to AALAS
B. Maintain AAALAC accreditation
C. Have USDA registration
D. Maintain a PHS Animal Welfare Assurance with the Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare (OLAW) |
|
Definition
D. Maintain a PHS Animal Welfare Assurance with the Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare (OLAW)
Comment: Organizations that receive PHS or NSF funds to conduct animal research must have a PHS Animal Welfare Assurance on file with OLAW. Per the PHS Policy at Section IV.A., the assurance (signed by the Institutional Official [IO]) describes how each organization’s animal care program complies, and will continue to comply, with regulatory requirements and the Guide standards. Approval of the assurance can be no longer than five years and must be renewed thereafter. All assured organizations must also submit an annual report. |
|
|
Term
Which of the following falls under the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s(USDA) definition of animal?
A. Farm animals used or intended for use as food or fiber
B. Mice (genus Mus) & rats (genus Rattus) bred for research
C. Birds
D. Guinea pigs |
|
Definition
D. Guinea pigs
Comment: The Animal Welfare Regulations (AWR) at 9 CFR 1.1 define an animal as “any live or dead dog, cat, nonhuman primate, guinea pig, hamster, rabbit, or any other warm-blooded animal, which is being used, or is intended for use for research, teaching, testing, experimentation, or exhibition purposes, or as a pet. This term excludes: Birds, rats of the genus Rattus and mice of the genus Mus bred for use in research, and horses not used for research purposes and other farm animals, such as, but not limited to livestock or poultry, used or intended for use as food or fiber, or livestock or poultry used or intended for use for improving animal nutrition, breeding, management, or production efficiency, or for improving the quality of food or fiber. With respect to a dog, the term means all dogs, including those used for hunting, security, or breeding purposes.” |
|
|
Term
The Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals (the Guide) and the Guide for the Care and Use of Agricultural Animals in Research and Teaching (the Ag Guide) establish standards for the care and use of animals and define expectations in three categories. What are the three categories of expectations?
A. Must, should, and may
B. Required, suggestion, and may
C. Must, recommend, and optional
D. Required, recommend, and suggestion |
|
Definition
A. Must, should, and may
Comment: The Guides define expectations in three categories: must, should, and may. Note: The Ag Guide uses the term “recommend” instead of “may.” “Must” statements are requirements. “Should” statements allow for the establishment of performance standards to meet the Guide recommendations. “May” statements provide suggestions. |
|
|
Term
What does the use of a non-AVMA approved euthanasia method require?
A. Institutional Official (IO) review and approval
B. OLAW and USDA review
C. Investigator justification and IACUC approval
D. Attending veterinarian review and approval |
|
Definition
C. Investigator justification and IACUC approval
Comment: OLAW and USDA support the AVMA Guidelines for the Euthanasia of Animals. Both agencies require justification by investigators and approval by IACUCs for euthanasia methods that are not AVMA-approved. |
|
|
Term
Which federal law was enacted in response to allegations of stolen pets that were used in biomedical research?
A. The Health Research Extension Act (HREA)
B. The Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals (the Guide)
C. The PHS Policy on Humane Care and Use of Laboratory Animals (PHS Policy)
D. The Animal Welfare Act (AWA) |
|
Definition
D. The Animal Welfare Act (AWA)
Comment: The AWA became law in 1966, in response to allegations of stolen pets that were used in biomedical research. |
|
|
Term
To which of the following does the PHS Policy apply?
A. Invertebrate animals supported by PHS funds
B. All vertebrate animals supported by PHS funds
C. All animals involved in research regardless of funding
D. Only mice and rats supported by PHS funds |
|
Definition
B. All vertebrate animals supported by PHS funds
Comment: Section II of the PHS Policy states that the policy applies to PHS-conducted or supported activities involving animals. Section III.A. defines an animal as “any live, vertebrate animal used or intended for use in research, research training, experimentation, or biological testing or for related purposes.” As such, the PHS Policy applies to all vertebrate animals supported by PHS funds. |
|
|
Term
What are the two main U.S. federal oversight bodies that administer the regulations for working with animals in research, testing, and teaching?
A. U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) and National Institutes of Health (NIH), Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare (OLAW)
B. U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS)
C. U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) and U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
D. National Institutes of Health (NIH), Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare (OLAW) and U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) |
|
Definition
A. U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) and National Institutes of Health (NIH), Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare (OLAW)
Comment: There are two main regulatory oversight bodies that administer the regulations as they pertain to working with animals in research, testing, or teaching: the USDA, APHIS and NIH, OLAW. The application of the regulations depends on the activity, species, and the funding that supports the animal study. |
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Term
What was the significance of the Nuremberg Code with respect to animal research?
A. It highlighted the importance of animal experimentation prior to human research studies.
B. It was the first animal welfare law passed in the United States.
C. It defined the “3Rs” as used in research today.
D. It provided the regulatory definition of the term “animal.” |
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Definition
A. It highlighted the importance of animal experimentation prior to human research studies.
Comment: The Nuremberg Code introduced a set of ethical principles related to human subjects participating in research experimentation. One of these principles states that human studies should be based on animal experiments. |
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Term
Animal housing facilities should be which of the following?
A. Vermin proof, fire-resistant, and moisture proof
B. Located at one site
C. Constructed with unfinished wood
D. Open to the public |
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Definition
A. Vermin proof, fire-resistant, and moisture proof
Comment: The Guide indicates that the animal facility should be constructed with materials that are vermin proof, fire-resistant, and moisture proof. |
|
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Term
When is a memorandum of understanding (MOU) useful?
A. Personnel order animals from a vendor
B. Both organizations have AAALAC accreditation
C. Both collaborators are at the same organization
D. Funded animal work occurs at another organization |
|
Definition
D. Funded animal work occurs at another organization
Comment: An MOU is useful if one organization funds the works and a collaborator organization conducts the work. |
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Term
The ________________ must ensure that an Occupational Health and Safety Program is in place.
A. Animal facility
B. IACUC
C. IO
D. Organization |
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Definition
D. Organization
Comment: According to PHS Policy and the Guide, the organization is responsible for ensuring that an OHSP is in place. The Animal Welfare Regulations (AWR) are silent on the health and safety of program personnel. |
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Term
Who has authority to administer the veterinary care program?
A. Laboratory personnel
B. Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC)
C. Attending Veterinarian (AV)
D. Institutional Official (IO) |
|
Definition
C. Attending Veterinarian (AV)
Comment: The Health Research Extension Act of 1985, the PHS Policy, the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals (the Guide), and the Animal Welfare Regulations (AWR) require that an animal care and use program has a veterinarian with delegated authority to provide adequate veterinary care for activities involving animals at the organization. The Guide and the AWR refer to this individual as the Attending Veterinarian (AV). |
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Term
USDA Regulations require the following IACUC members:
1. Veterinarian, chair, nonaffiliated
2. Veterinarian, chair, scientist
3. Veterinarian, nonaffiliated, scientist
4. Veterinarian, nonaffiliated, nonscientist |
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Definition
| 1. Veterinarian, chair, nonaffiliated |
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Term
PHS Policy requires the following IACUC members:
1. Veterinarian, chair, nonscientist, nonaffiliated
2. Veterinarian, chair, nonaffiliated, scientist
3. Veterinarian, nonaffiliated, scientist, nonscientist
4. Veterinarian, nonaffiliated, nonscientist, statistician |
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Definition
| 3. Veterinarian, nonaffiliated, scientist, nonscientist |
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Term
PHS and AWRs state that all records should be kept for a minimum of:
a) indefinite
b) 1-2 years
c) 3 years
d) none of the above |
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Definition
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Term
PHS institutional Assurance is approve up to ___ years where as USDA registration is updated every ___ years:
a) 3yrs PHS and 5 years USDA
b) up to 5 years for PHS and 3 years FOR USDA
c) up to 5 years for both
d) 3 years for both |
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Definition
| b) up to 5 years for PHS and 3 years FOR USDA |
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Term
Which is not required when filing a PHS Institutional Assurance:
a) dates of facility inspections
b) IACUC member roster
c) Number of covered species used annually
d) Lines of authority
e) species housed and average daily inventory by species |
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Definition
| c) Number of covered species used annually |
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Term
If the institution is PHS assured and is not AAALAC accredited, what must be included in the annual report to OLAW?
a) The IACUC minutes
b) The institutional officials assurance statement
c) Semiannual IACUC report
d) none of the above |
|
Definition
| c) Semiannual IACUC report |
|
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Term
| What are the two circumstances that you would submit a semiannual report to OLAW? |
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Definition
| At the request of OLAW or if your institutional is not assured by a accrediting body such as AAALAC |
|
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Term
| What line of authority submits the annual report to OLAW? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Where do you send the USDA annual report? |
|
Definition
| APHIS AC Regional Director |
|
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Term
| When there is a change in name of institution, or ownership or operation for the research facility how many days do you have to notify the APHIS AC Regional Director of the change? |
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Definition
| Notify within 10 days of change in operation. |
|
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Term
| According to USDA, failure to correct a significant deficiency in accordance to a specific schedule and plan must be reported to APHIS and any other federal agency within ____days by who_? |
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Definition
| Notify within 15 days by the IACUC through the IO. |
|
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Term
There are three main circumstances for prompt report to PHS, which one of the three circumstances below must be reported promptly to USDA:
a) Suspension of an activity by the IACUC
b) Serious deviation from the Guide (unless previously approved by the IACUC)
c) Serious continuing non compliance with PHS Policy
d) none of the above |
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Definition
|
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Term
When there are allegations of concerns on animal care and use, what are recommended steps for the IACUC when investigating the concern:
a) the chair convene a meeting of the IACUC
b)IO should be notified
b) the AV should be involved in the investigation
d) suspend research activity
e) all the above |
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Definition
|
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Term
| True or False. If a facility that receives DoD funds is under USDA investigation, the facility must notify DoD and have a site visit within 30 days of notification. |
|
Definition
|
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Term
| True or False. The Secretary of the Army as Executive Agent develops and issues joint service regulations to implement the Department of Defense Directive number 3216.1. |
|
Definition
|
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Term
| True or False. DoD Activities performed or sponsored in foreign countries shall follow all applicable US requirements, as well as regulations and standards of the host country. |
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Definition
|
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Term
| True or False. The non-affiliated member(s) on a DoD IACUC may be a federal employee with demonstrated commitment to the community. |
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Definition
|
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Term
| True or False. DoD organizations/facilities are not required to apply for AAALAC accreditation. |
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Definition
|
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Term
| True or False. Violation complaints within the DoD can only be reported to the Inspector General. |
|
Definition
|
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Term
| True or False. The Department of Defense directive indicates that any species may be purchased or used for inflicting wounds from any type of weapon to conduct training in surgical/medical treatment procedures. |
|
Definition
|
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Term
| True or False. The Joint Technical Working Group (JTWG) acts as a central advisory committee to the Armed Services Biomedical Research Evaluation and Management (ASBREM) Committee. |
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Definition
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Term
The Executive Agent designates the Commander of the US Army Veterinary Command, the Director of Veterinary Services Activity, the Director of Defense Research and Engineering and:
a. The Chair of the Joint Technical Working Group (JTWG)
b. A veterinarian to the Interagency Research Animal Committee
c. The office that will perform headquarters-level administrative review of the use of non-human primates.
d. None of the above
e. All of the above |
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Definition
|
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Term
Which of the following are applicable to the Department of Defense:
a. Animal Welfare Act; Animal Welfare Regulations
b. The Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals; The Guide for the Care and Use of Agricultural Animals in Agricultural Research and Teaching
c. The Lacey Act; Marine Mammal Protection Act; Endangered Species Act; Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora
d. A & C
e. All of the above |
|
Definition
|
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Term
The Executive Agent for the Department of Defense Directive number 3216.1 is the _____
a. Director, Defense Research and Engineering
b. Secretary of the Army
c. Commander, US Army Veterinary Command
d. Inspector General
e. Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Technology |
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Definition
|
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Term
According to the 8th edition of the Guide each institution must or should have an occupational health program in place consistent with federal, state and local regulations?
a) must
b) should
c) a and b
d) none of the above |
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Definition
|
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Term
| True or False: Institution procuring animal must have lawful procedures in place as well as procedures for compliance with animal transportation regulations to include international requirements. |
|
Definition
|
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Term
Programs for medical evaluation preventative medicine include all the following except:
a) pre-employment evaluation
b) health history
c) procedures for reporting and treating injuries and allergies, including bites and accidents
d) Zoonosis surveillance
e) Institutions must consider confidentiality and other legal factors
f) Pre-employment serum samples
g) None of the above |
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Definition
|
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Term
Which of the following is not typically a function of the IACUC?
A. Investigate allegations of animal mistreatment, and suspend approved research if conducted out of compliance.
B. Communicate with the Institutional Official in matters pertaining to the animal care and use program.
C. Review and score scientific value for animal protocols submitted.
D. Review and approve proposed animal research. |
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Definition
| C. Review and score scientific value for animal protocols submitted. |
|
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Term
Which of the following is a required member of the IACUC?
A. Institutional Official
B. Animal Facility Manager
C. Individual not otherwise affiliated with the institution
D. Representative from a local animal advocacy organization |
|
Definition
| C. Individual not otherwise affiliated with the institution |
|
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Term
According to USDA Regulations, an IACUC may have no more than how many members from any one administrative unit?
A. 2
B. 3
C. 4
D. 5 |
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Definition
|
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Term
Which of the following statements concerning confidentiality of IACUC business is false?
A. Trade secrets, processes, operations, and style of work may not usually be revealed to outsiders by IACUC members.
B. It is against the law for an IACUC member to use information gained during IACUC meetings to his or her financial advantage.
C. It is unlawful for any IACUC member to release certain confidential information about the research facility in some situations.
D. Confidentiality requirements prohibit IACUC members from reporting violations of the Animal Welfare Act Regulations or PHS Policy. |
|
Definition
| D. Confidentiality requirements prohibit IACUC members from reporting violations of the Animal Welfare Act Regulations or PHS Policy. |
|
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Term
What do the Animal Welfare Act Regulations state about IACUC members who report violations to USDA?
A. They may be subjected to reprisals if in violation of local IACUC policy.
B. They may be subjected to reprisals if contact with USDA is not approved by IACUC Chair.
C. It is against the law for anyone to discriminate against them or subject them to reprisals.
D. Local institutional policy can discourage them from reporting violations of the regulations to USDA. |
|
Definition
| C. It is against the law for anyone to discriminate against them or subject them to reprisals. |
|
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Term
OLAW recommends which of the following reporting lines within an animal care and use program?
A. IACUC reports to the Attending Veterinarian
B. Attending Veterinarian reports to the Institutional Official
C. Institutional Official reports to the IACUC
D. Attending Veterinarian reports to the IACUC |
|
Definition
| B. Attending Veterinarian reports to the Institutional Official |
|
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Term
Which of the following statements about OLAW's guidance on the use of carbon dioxide as a euthanasia agent is false?
A. Carbon dioxide must be supplied only from compressed gas cylinders.
B. Chambers should be pre-filled to lessen animal anxiety when placed inside.
C. Death must be verified before disposal of the carcass.
D. Unintended recovery of animals after CO2 euthanasia must be reported to OLAW. |
|
Definition
| A. Carbon dioxide must be supplied only from compressed gas cylinders. |
|
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Term
Which of the following statements about IACUC suspensions of animal activities is false?
A. USDA Animal Welfare Act Regulations and PHS Policy allow the chairperson or another IACUC member to suspend an animal activity on behalf of the IACUC.
B. Once the IACUC suspends an activity, it must report the suspension to the IO, who must report it to regulatory agencies.
C. A majority of a quorum must vote at a convened meeting to suspend an activity.
D. An institutional official can suspend an activity without agreement by the IACUC. |
|
Definition
| A. USDA Animal Welfare Act Regulations and PHS Policy allow the chairperson or another IACUC member to suspend an animal activity on behalf of the IACUC. |
|
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Term
When reporting an IACUC suspension of an animal activity, the IACUC should:
A. Limit disclosure of the facts to the absolute minimum necessary to prevent institutional embarrassment.
B. Report the suspension as soon as possible to the regulatory authorities.
C. Notify regulatory authorities no later than one year after the suspension.
D. Notify regulatory authorities no earlier than 3 months after a suspension to ensure that a complete investigation has occurred. |
|
Definition
| B. Report the suspension as soon as possible to the regulatory authorities. |
|
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Term
Which of the following statements regarding the process of polling IACUC members via email is true?
A. Polling via email can be used to achieve a quorum if the IACUC does not have a quorum during a convened meeting.
B. Polling via email can be used to obtain IACUC suspension of an animal activity out of compliance.
C. Polling via email can be used to obtain IACUC approval of a protocol during a convened meeting.
D. Polling via email can be used to allow the IACUC members to call for full committee review when using the designated reviewer system. |
|
Definition
| D. Polling via email can be used to allow the IACUC members to call for full committee review when using the designated reviewer system. |
|
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Term
Which of the following statements about the use of "alternate" IACUC members is false?
A. Alternates should receive IACUC training or orientation like regular IACUC members.
B. Alternate members must be designated in advance and not simply as a matter of convenience on short notice.
C. Alternate members may vote on an issue even when the regular member is present and votes on the same issue.
D. Alternate members would be expected to vote their conscience rather than simply representing the views of the regular member. |
|
Definition
| C. Alternate members may vote on an issue even when the regular member is present and votes on the same issue. |
|
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Term
Which of these IACUC protocol review outcomes are recognized in the USDA Animal Welfare Act Regulations and PHS Policy?
A. Approve, conditional approval, and approval pending modifications.
B. Approve, require modifications in (to secure approval), and deferred approval.
C. Approve, require modifications in (to secure approval), and withhold approval.
D. Approve, disapprove, and probationary approval. |
|
Definition
| C. Approve, require modifications in (to secure approval), and withhold approval. |
|
|
Term
Although opinions vary about the level of detail needed in IACUC minutes, a typical standard is that IACUC minutes:
A. Should provide as little information as possible to prevent outside observers from understanding how the IACUC operates.
B. Should allow an outside observer to verify that deliberations occurred, and understand the outcomes of those deliberations.
C. Must be no longer than three pages to satisfy federal paperwork reduction regulations.
D. Must include an actual transcript of all conversations that occurred at the meeting, as a minimum. |
|
Definition
| B. Should allow an outside observer to verify that deliberations occurred, and understand the outcomes of those deliberations. |
|
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Term
When conducting the facilities inspection portion of the semi-annual evaluation in compliance with both the USDA Animal Welfare Act Regulations and PHS Policy, the IACUC must include:
A. All areas housing animals for more than 24 hours, and laboratories where animal procedures are performed with the exception of laboratories performing only non-survival surgical procedures.
B. All areas housing animals for more than 12 hours, and all investigator laboratory and study areas where animal procedures are performed.
C. All areas housing animals for more than 24 hours, and all investigator laboratory and study areas where animal procedures are performed.
D. All areas housing animals for more than 12 hours, and laboratories where animal procedures are performed with the exception of laboratories performing only non-survival surgical procedures. |
|
Definition
| D. All areas housing animals for more than 12 hours, and laboratories where animal procedures are performed with the exception of laboratories performing only non-survival surgical procedures. |
|
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Term
To comply with the USDA Animal Welfare Act Regulations, what is the proper IACUC course of action to follow if a significant deficiency is not corrected according to the plan set forth in the IACUC semi-annual evaluation report?
A. Report the situation through the IO to USDA within 6 months.
B. Report the situation through the IO to USDA within 3 months.
C. Report the situation through the IO to USDA within 30 business days.
D. Report the situation through the IO to USDA within 15 business days. |
|
Definition
| D. Report the situation through the IO to USDA within 15 business days. |
|
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Term
Which of these statements is true concerning the USDA Animal Welfare Act?
A. The USDA passed the Animal Welfare Act, and Congress has released regulations to enforce it.
B. The USDA stands for United States Department of Assessments.
C. The USDA is responsible for enforcing the Animal Withholding Action Act passed by Congress.
D. The Animal Welfare Act regulations take precedence over guidelines produced by the Public Health Service, Department of Veterans Affairs, and other government agencies. |
|
Definition
| D. The Animal Welfare Act regulations take precedence over guidelines produced by the Public Health Service, Department of Veterans Affairs, and other government agencies. |
|
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Term
Which of the following is not an example of replacement?
A. The use of cell culture instead of animals to grow immortal cell lines.
B. The use of a kit to assay hormone levels instead of a bioassay involving animals.
C. The use of a new analgesic that provides better postoperative pain relief.
D. The use of computer modeling software to replace the use of animals in pharmacologic studies. |
|
Definition
| C. The use of a new analgesic that provides better postoperative pain relief. |
|
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Term
Which of the following is not an example of reduction?
A. The use of a new anesthetic that provides better induction and a shorter recovery period.
B. The shared use of tissues by more than one investigator to minimize animal use.
C. The use of improved assays that provide better data precision so that fewer animals are needed per group.
D. The use of common control groups during simultaneous experiments to limit the number of control animals needed. |
|
Definition
| A. The use of a new anesthetic that provides better induction and a shorter recovery period. |
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Term
Which of the following is not an example of refinement?
A. The use of newer surgical techniques that result in less tissue trauma.
B. The use of a new analgesic that provides better postoperative pain relief.
C. The use of computer modeling software to substitute for animal experiments.
D. The use of a new bleeding technique that causes less pain and distress. |
|
Definition
| C. The use of computer modeling software to substitute for animal experiments. |
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Term
What is required, of the IACUC, by the USDA AWA Regulations regarding alternatives?
A. Ensure that the limit on animal use assigned to the institution by the USDA is not exceeded more than once every three years.
B. Reduce animal usage by at least 10% per year over a five-year period.
C. Reduce animal usage by at least 25% over a five-year period.
D. Ensure that the principal investigator has considered alternatives to painful or distressing procedures, and review a written assurance that alternatives are not available. |
|
Definition
| D. Ensure that the principal investigator has considered alternatives to painful or distressing procedures, and review a written assurance that alternatives are not available. |
|
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Term
What is the basis for the pain/distress classification system used by most institutions?
A. AAALAC pain/distress categories.
B. PHS pain/distress categories.
C. USDA pain/distress categories.
D. Guide pain/distress categories. |
|
Definition
| C. USDA pain/distress categories. |
|
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Term
Which of the following activities would disqualify an animal from USDA category B?
A. Blood collection.
B. Being placed into new caging.
C. Breeding.
D. Being observed during quarantine. |
|
Definition
|
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Term
Which of the following activities would disqualify an animal from USDA category D?
A. Retroorbital blood collection from a mouse performed under anesthesia.
B. Collecting tail snips from adult rodents for genotyping under local or general anesthesia.
C. Surgery performed under anesthesia.
D. Studies in which animals are allowed to die without pain relief. |
|
Definition
| D. Studies in which animals are allowed to die without pain relief. |
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Term
An investigator wishes to use animals in an experiment that involves category B, C, and D activities performed on the same animal. How should the animal be categorized?
A. Categories B, C, and D.
B. Category B.
C. Category C.
D. Category D. |
|
Definition
|
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Term
Which of the following activities would place an animal in category E?
A. Lethal dose experiments in which animals are allowed to die without intervention.
B. Observation studies of normal primate behavior.
C. Blood collection from a superficial vessel of a dog.
D. Major surgery in which anesthetics and postoperative analgesics are administered. |
|
Definition
| A. Lethal dose experiments in which animals are allowed to die without intervention. |
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Term
All personnel performing animal procedures must be properly trained to do so when?
A. By the end of the experiments.
B. Before any procedures are performed.
C. Before any procedures are performed unless they have doctoral level or medical degrees.
D. Before any procedures are performed unless they receive a waiver from their supervisor. |
|
Definition
| B. Before any procedures are performed. |
|
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Term
Which statement about the Occupational Health and Safety Program is false?
A. You should enroll in the local Occupational Health and Safety Program before you begin your work with laboratory animals.
B. Typical services include rabies immunizations, TB testing, and tetanus immunizations.
C. You may not decline medical treatments provided as part of the Occupational Health and Safety Program.
D. Each institution must have an Occupational Health and Safety Program for personnel who have significant contact with laboratory animals. |
|
Definition
| C. You may not decline medical treatments provided as part of the Occupational Health and Safety Program. |
|
|
Term
Which of the following is false concerning prolonged restraint of animals?
A. The restraint method used should be the least restrictive possible that will allow achievement of experimental objectives.
B. It can be justified as a convenience for the research staff.
C. The period of restraint should be the minimum required to achieve experimental objectives.
D. It should not be considered a normal method of housing. |
|
Definition
| B. It can be justified as a convenience for the research staff. |
|
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Term
Which of the following is true of the dog exercise program mandated by the USDA Animal Welfare Act regulations?
A. Dogs must be provided additional exercise regardless of the floor area of the cage.
B. The IACUC can exempt an animal for scientific reasons.
C. The veterinarian cannot exempt an animal, even for medical reasons.
D. The veterinarian can exempt an animal for scientific reasons. |
|
Definition
| B. The IACUC can exempt an animal for scientific reasons. |
|
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Term
Great Southern Agricultural and Technical University has an Animal Welfare Assurance Statement on file with OLAW that covers all PHS funded projects. The University's policy states that all use of live vertebrate animals for teaching and research requires IACUC review and approval. A faculty member contacts the IACUC Chair to report that he demonstrated a blood sampling procedure on a live chicken for a teaching lab, but it was not the blood sampling method described in the IACUC approved protocol for the lab. The IACUC must report this noncompliance to:
1) OLAW
2) USDA
3) The University's IO
4) All of the above |
|
Definition
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Term
The institution's PHS Assurance applies to PHS-funded projects only. An investigator has two IACUC protocols using mice. Protocol A (NIH funded) stipulates that animals will be killed by barbiturate overdose while decapitation would be the method used in Protocol B (private foundation funds). The investigator informs the IACUC Office that his staff mistakenly euthanized a few animals assigned to Protocol B with barbiturate overdose. How should the IACUC respond?
A) Suspend the investigator.
B) Report to US Department of Agriculture.
C) Report to Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare.
D) Retrain the investigator and staff. |
|
Definition
| D) Retrain the investigator and staff. |
|
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Term
| Which entity does not require the IACUC to have a scientific member? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following statements is true about routes of administration for injectable agents?
A. When performing an IP injection, the drug must also contain a neuromuscular blocking agent.
B. IV administration produces the slowest loss of consciousness.
C. IC injection is acceptable when the animal is either heavily sedated, anesthetized, or comatose.
D. IP administration is optimal for irritating euthanasia agents. |
|
Definition
| C. IC injection is acceptable when the animal is either heavily sedated, anesthetized, or comatose. |
|
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Term
What is the recommended concentration of carbon monoxide used for euthanasia of small mammals?
A. Over 10%
B. 8-10%
C. 2-3%
D. 4-6% |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Under what circumstance is the IV or IC injection of potassium chloride an acceptable euthanasia method?
A. When other methods have failed
B. When used in combination with a barbiturate
C. If a catheter is used
D. If the animal is anesthetized |
|
Definition
| D. If the animal is anesthetized |
|
|
Term
For which species is an adjunctive method of euthanasia is recommended to make sure that the animal is dead because detection of heartbeat is difficult in these animals?
A. Fish
B. Amphibians
C. Small rodents
D. Nonhuman primates |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Physical methods of euthanasia cause death through destruction of:
A. muscular activity in the body.
B. afferent pathways from the periphery to the brain.
C. chemical pathways in the heart muscle.
D. midbrain centers controlling respiratory and cardiac activity. |
|
Definition
| D. midbrain centers controlling respiratory and cardiac activity. |
|
|
Term
A reflex movement during the euthanasia procedure indicates that the unconscious animal is still experiencing pain.
A. True
B. False |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following statements is true of barbiturates?
A. Barbiturates cause the animal to gasp for air before becoming unconscious indicating some pain and distress.
B. These drugs are extremely painful when administered outside the vein.
C. Barbiturates break down quickly in the body so that carcasses of animals in which barbiturates were used for anesthesia do not represent a threat to predators which may eat them.
D. Pentobarbital is a barbiturate that is not classified as a controlled substance. |
|
Definition
| B. These drugs are extremely painful when administered outside the vein. |
|
|
Term
Which of the following statements regarding physical methods of euthanasia is true?
A. There are few aesthetic considerations for this form of euthanasia.
B. Physical methods of euthanasia may be the most humane method for relieving pain and suffering in some instances.
C. Physical methods of euthanasia always cause more distress for the animal.
D. Exsanguination, stunning, and pithing are acceptable physical methods of euthanasia for horses and cattle. |
|
Definition
| B. Physical methods of euthanasia may be the most humane method for relieving pain and suffering in some instances. |
|
|
Term
In special circumstances that may indicate a need to deviate from the AVMA guidelines, what should be the deciding factor?
A. The cost of the procedure
B. The best interest of the animal
C. The decision of the IO
D. Expediency of the method |
|
Definition
| B. The best interest of the animal |
|
|
Term
Cervical dislocation should not be performed in rabbits weighing more than:
A. 500 g.
B. 2 kg.
C. 800 g.
D. 1 kg. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following statements is true about the use of carbon monoxide for euthanasia?
A. Acceptable for individual or mass euthanasia of cattle, horses, and other large mammals.
B. It is extremely stressful to the animal.
C. Death occurs rapidly at concentrations of 4 to 6%.
D. This agent is safe to use by human operators. |
|
Definition
| C. Death occurs rapidly at concentrations of 4 to 6%. |
|
|
Term
Confirmation of death is determined by:
A. Lack of movement
B. Duration of euthanasia procedure
C. Cessation of vital signs
D. Use of an adjunctive euthanasia method |
|
Definition
| C. Cessation of vital signs |
|
|
Term
What is the mode of euthanasia action for an overdose of barbiturates?
A. Depresses the CNS leading to cardiac arrest
B. Over stimulates the CNS causing cardiac arrhythmia
C. Causes hypoxia and brain activity ceases
D. Paralyzes lungs and breathing ceases |
|
Definition
| A. Depresses the CNS leading to cardiac arrest |
|
|
Term
Which of the following is a definition of euthanasia as described in the AVMA Guidelines?
A. The act of killing animals by methods that preserve physiologic function after death
B. The act of killing animals by methods that induce rapid unconsciousness and death with minimal pain or distress.
C. The act of reducing the emotional state of animals under distress
D. The act of preparing animals for a surgical or otherwise invasive procedure |
|
Definition
B. The act of killing animals by methods that induce rapid unconsciousness and death with minimal pain or distress.
Feedback: Euthanasia as defined by the Animal Welfare Act (AWA): ""The humane destruction of an animal must be accomplished by a method that produces rapid unconsciousness and subsequent death without evidence of pain or distress, or a method that utilizes anesthesia produced by an agent that causes painless loss of consciousness and subsequent death."" |
|
|
Term
Euthanasia agents that act by way of hypoxia are not recommended for which of the following groups of animals?
A. Warm-blooded neonates
B. Ruminants
C. Older animals of most species
D. Animals with respiratory problems |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following statements is true about inhalant agents used for euthanasia?
A. Since inhalant anesthetic effects are specific to the animal species being euthanized, no special precautions for personnel are required.
B. Due to their small size, inhalants provide a quick euthanasia method for neonatal animals.
C. Using a low concentration of inhalation agent is the preferred method to conduct euthanasia procedures.
D. Animals should be protected from contact with the liquid form of the anesthetic agent. |
|
Definition
| D. Animals should be protected from contact with the liquid form of the anesthetic agent. |
|
|
Term
Which of the following statements is true when using CO2 for euthanasia?
A. It is best to combine carbon dioxide with oxygen for euthanasia.
B. Pulmonary lesions may occur if the carbon dioxide concentration reaches 40%.
C. The optimal flow rate is one that displaces 10% of the chamber volume every minute.
D. Gas flow should be maintained for at least 1 minute after apparent death to make sure the animal does not recover. |
|
Definition
| D. Gas flow should be maintained for at least 1 minute after apparent death to make sure the animal does not recover. |
|
|
Term
Immersing aquatic species in a bath saturated with carbon dioxide is an acceptable euthanasia method.
A. True
B. False |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following statements concerning euthanasia is incorrect?
A. Physical methods of euthanasia are most desirable when used on conscious animals.
B. When used alone, non-physical methods of euthanasia are usually preferred over physical methods.
C. Physical methods of euthanasia are most desirable when used on anesthetized animals.
D. The investigator must provide a scientific justification to the IACUC if a physical method will be used alone. |
|
Definition
| A. Physical methods of euthanasia are most desirable when used on conscious animals. |
|
|
Term
Chloral hydrate is conditionally acceptable for use in large animals that:
A. are already sedated.
B. cannot be easily restrained.
C. will have an adjunctive method of euthanasia following the injection of chloral hydrate.
D. None of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following mandates require the provision of occupational health services for employees who work in animal facilities?
A. Occupational Health and Safety Act
B. GLPS
C. Animal Welfare Act
D. PHS Policy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Serum collection and storage may be of value in which of the following situations?
A. A veterinary technician is providing medical care to rabbits in safety assessment studies.
B. Employees have a substantial possibility of acquiring an infection that can be detected serologically.
C. A research technician is caring for genetically altered mice used in basic research.
D. Janitorial staff is involved in cleaning operating room suites. |
|
Definition
| B. Employees have a substantial possibility of acquiring an infection that can be detected serologically. |
|
|
Term
Which person is primarily responsible for developing and sustaining a useful occupational health and safety program?
A. IACUC chairperson
B. Senior institutional official
C. Attending veterinarian
D. Vivarium manager |
|
Definition
| B. Senior institutional official |
|
|
Term
Which of the following statements is false concerning shigellosis (defined as an infectious disease caused by a group of bacteria called shigella [defined as a bacterium that is an intestinal pathogen of humans and other primates, some kinds of which cause dysentery])?
A. Very large numbers of organisms are required to produce an infection.
B. Transmission is fecal-oral.
C. Clinical signs include acute bloody diarrhea.
D. Nonhuman primates are the only important reservoir in an animal facility. |
|
Definition
| A. Very large numbers of organisms are required to produce an infection. |
|
|
Term
The effectiveness of the autoclave can be monitored by using:
A. Paper strips or vials containing bacterial spores
B. Agar plates inoculated with viruses
C. Agar plates inoculated with DNA fragments
D. Vials of pH paper
E. All of the above
F. None of the above |
|
Definition
| A. Paper strips or vials containing bacterial spores |
|
|
Term
Which of the following are in a unique position to monitor the daily effectiveness of and compliance with health and safety procedures in a laboratory animal program?
A. Principal investigators
B. Animal care staff
C. IACUC chairperson
D. Institutional Official |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following statements is true concerning dermatomycosis (defined as a fungal infection of the skin, especially by a dermatophyte [defined as a pathogenic fungus that grows on skin, mucous membranes, hair, nails, feathers, and other body surfaces, causing ringworm and related diseases])?
A. Infected animals usually have several obvious lesions.
B. One species of dermatophyte is common in animal facilities.
C. Spores readily degrade in the environment.
D. None of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following is not an effective means of identifying hazards?
A. Consulting personnel from governmental agencies (e.g., NIH, CDC, OSHA)
B. Considering only those hazards that previously caused obvious illness or injury
C. Having environmental health and safety professionals tour the animal facility
D. Relying on experiences from other institutions, professional associations, or societies |
|
Definition
| B. Considering only those hazards that previously caused obvious illness or injury |
|
|
Term
How often should biological safety cabinets be certified?
A. At the time of the IACUC inspection
B. When installed
C. At least monthly
D. At least once a year |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following is not considered to be a major mode of transmission of the herpes B-virus?
A. Needle stick
B. Bite wound
C. Aerosol
D. Scratch |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following viruses causes a disease similar to smallpox but much less severe?
A. Measles
B. Benign epidermal monkeypox
C. Q fever
D. Newcastle disease virus |
|
Definition
| B. Benign epidermal monkeypox |
|
|
Term
Which of the following infections is particularly hazardous to a human fetus?
A. Dermatophytosis (e.g., ringworm)
B. Toxoplasmosis (defined as an illness caused due to infection by a parasite called T. gondii; causes headache, fever and fatigue; NOTE: cats are the only known definitive host in which the parasite my undergo sexual reproduction)
C. Salmonellosis (e.g., food poisoning)
D. Orf (defined as a contagious pustular viral dermatitis of sheep, sometimes communicable to humans) |
|
Definition
B. Toxoplasmosis
Defined as an illness caused due to infection by a parasite called Toxoplasma gondii. This causes headache, fever and fatigue. |
|
|
Term
Which disease is not readily transmitted to humans through animal bites?
A. Measles
B. Herpes B-virus
C. Cat-scratch fever
D. Rabies |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What are allergic reactions seen within 10 to 15 minutes of exposure called?
A. Rapid response reaction
B. Immediate hypersensitivity
C. Delayed hypersensitivity
D. Quick sensitivity response |
|
Definition
| B. Immediate hypersensitivity |
|
|
Term
Occupational health and safety programs intended to protect employees in animal facilities should be the same at all institutions where research animals are housed.
A. True
B. False |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following is not a hazardous property of a chemical?
A. Toxicity
B. Hardness
C. Flammability
D. Corrosiveness |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The use of radioisotopes is regulated by what agency?
A. US Nuclear Regulatory Commission
B. Centers for Disease Control
C. Nuclear Energy Protection Agency
D. Food and Drug Administration |
|
Definition
| A. US Nuclear Regulatory Commission |
|
|
Term
Which of the following should not be a consideration when selecting proper equipment for facilities?
A. Ease of maintenance
B. Operational integrity
C. Reliability
D. Least expensive
E. All of the above
F. None of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following statements is true?
A. Female mice excrete four times as much allergen as males.
B. Mouse urine contains less allergen than mouse serum.
C. Sensitivity to mouse allergen is common.
D. Urinary protein is not a major source of mouse allergen. |
|
Definition
| C. Sensitivity to mouse allergen is common. |
|
|
Term
Which of the following is not a good method to prevent Q fever infection in laboratory workers?
A. Rely on serology in sheep to detect shedding of the organism.
B. Use male sheep when possible.
C. Wear PPE.
D. Use respirators when working with pregnant sheep or their tissues. |
|
Definition
| A. Rely on serology in sheep to detect shedding of the organism. |
|
|
Term
What is included in Animal Welfare Regulations for housing guinea pigs and/or hamsters?
A. Hamsters can be housed outside.
B. Cages for hamsters must be at least 5 inches high.
C. Cages for guinea pigs are required to be at least 7 inches high.
D. None of the above |
|
Definition
| B. Cages for hamsters must be at least 5 inches high. |
|
|
Term
Who has the legal authority to sign the USDA registration form of a research institution?
A. The Animal Facility Director
B. The Institutional Official
C. The Animal Facility Manager
D. The Attending Veterinarian |
|
Definition
| B. The Institutional Official |
|
|
Term
How frequently does the USDA conduct inspections of research facilities?
A. Once a year
B. Quarterly
C. Every six months
D. Biannually |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Dogs obtained from a Class B dealer may originate from what source?
A. Animal pound
B. Animal broker
C. Hobby breeder
D. All of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What is one objective of the annual report to the USDA/APHIS?
A. Assure that the facility complies with the AWA standards and regulations.
B. Track and account for animal shipments received by the facility.
C. Describe the animal use protocols in use at the research facility.
D. List all personnel associated with animal care. |
|
Definition
| A. Assure that the facility complies with the AWA standards and regulations. |
|
|
Term
Record-keeping requirements of the Animal Welfare Regulations state that:
A. Mandated facility records must be kept for a minimum period of six months.
B. Documentation is not required for the disposition of dogs, cats and nonhuman primates.
C. Documentation of breeding pedigrees records are open to inspection by the USDA.
D. IACUC records for meeting minutes, protocols and semiannual reports must be available to USDA inspection. |
|
Definition
| D. IACUC records for meeting minutes, protocols and semiannual reports must be available to USDA inspection. |
|
|
Term
What determines cage space requirements for nonhuman primates as outlined in the Animal Welfare Regulations?
A. Nutritional needs of the nonhuman primates
B. Length of the nonhuman primates
C. Weight group of the nonhuman primates
D. None of the above |
|
Definition
| C. Weight group of the nonhuman primates |
|
|
Term
The AWAR require that the attending veterinarian must:
A. Approve animal use protocols.
B. Have authority to ensure adequate veterinary care.
C. Investigate public concerns over animal care and use.
D. Appoint members to the IACUC |
|
Definition
| B. Have authority to ensure adequate veterinary care. |
|
|
Term
What is not required by Animal Welfare Regulations for transport cages?
A. Hand holds for easy lifting
B. An elevated screened bottom to keep animals off the floor of the cage
C. A mark with the letters "Live Animals"
D. A design that allows no part of the animal's body to be outside the enclosure |
|
Definition
| B. An elevated screened bottom to keep animals off the floor of the cage |
|
|
Term
Which statement is TRUE about exercise plans for dogs?
A. Exercise plans do not need approval by the attending veterinarian.
B. Exercise plans are not required if dogs are walked or allowed out of their cages daily.
C. Exercise plans require an animal to be released from its primary enclosure.
D. Exercise plans are required for all facilities housing dogs. |
|
Definition
| D. Exercise plans are required for all facilities housing dogs. |
|
|
Term
What type of identification is not acceptable for dogs or cats at acquisition?
A. Tattoo on the hairless area of the ear
B. Tag on a collar around the animal's neck
C. Tag on a collar affixed to a cat's primary enclosure
D. Distinctive color markings |
|
Definition
| D. Distinctive color markings |
|
|
Term
Which statement is TRUE regarding health requirements for shipping animals:
A. Health certificates specify the health care needs of an animal while in transit.
B. Health certificates must accompany any dog, cat or nonhuman primate transported by a research facility.
C. Health certificates must be dated within two months of the date of shipment.
D. Health certificates must accompany all covered species in transit. |
|
Definition
| B. Health certificates must accompany any dog, cat or nonhuman primate transported by a research facility. |
|
|
Term
Animal Welfare Regulations for rabbits require:
A. Underlying pans/troughs to be cleaned every 2 weeks.
B. Cages to be sanitized once every 30 days.
C. Mechanical heating for rabbits housed inside.
D. A minimum cage height of 16 inches. |
|
Definition
| B. Cages to be sanitized once every 30 days. |
|
|
Term
What change was made to the Animal Welfare Act by the 1990 pet protection amendment?
A. Cats and dogs cannot be obtained from pounds or shelters.
B. Cats and dogs cannot be obtained for research from dealers.
C. Cats and dogs must undergo a 5-day holding period before being acquired by a dealer.
D. Dealers can only acquire cats and dogs from pounds and shelters. |
|
Definition
| C. Cats and dogs must undergo a 5-day holding period before being acquired by a dealer. |
|
|
Term
Which of the following information need not be present on an official tag?
A. Numbers identifying the animal
B. The letters "USDA"
C. Date of birth
D. Numbers identifying the dealer |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What requirement does the Animal Welfare Act place on multiple survival surgery?
A. Multiple survival surgeries are permitted when scientifically justified.
B. All multiple survival surgeries require approval by the USDA on a case by case basis.
C. A maximum of three multiple survival surgeries is permitted on each animal.
D. Multiple survival surgeries are not ever permitted. |
|
Definition
| A. Multiple survival surgeries are permitted when scientifically justified. |
|
|
Term
Which of the following is NOT a responsibility of the IACUC?
A. Reviewing and approving animal use protocols
B. Performing a semi-annual review of the animal care program and inspection of all animal facility areas
C. Reviewing and investigating staff reports about noncompliance with AWA regulations and standards
D. Specifying veterinary treatments to be administered to facility animals |
|
Definition
| D. Specifying veterinary treatments to be administered to facility animals |
|
|
Term
A person supplying dogs to research is exempted from licensing with the USDA under which of the following conditions?
A. Less than $15,000 gross income is derived annually from the sale of dogs to research.
B. Fewer than 25 dogs born on their premises are sold within a one-year period.
C. Provided dogs are already dead.
D. The primary business is as an animal exhibitor. |
|
Definition
| B. Fewer than 25 dogs born on their premises are sold within a one-year period. |
|
|
Term
What space requirements for cats are included in the Animal Welfare Regulations?
A. If clean and sanitized, the litter box can be counted as floor space.
B. Although not required, cats should have an elevated resting surface.
C. Breeding bitches and queens do not need additional floor space.
D. All animals must have a minimum of six inches head room when in their normal standing position. |
|
Definition
| A. If clean and sanitized, the litter box can be counted as floor space. |
|
|
Term
Record-keeping requirements of the Animal Welfare Regulations state that:
A. IACUC records for meetings and protocols must be maintained but are not open to inspection by the USDA.
B. Animal health records must be maintained for all vertebrate species.
C. Acquisition records must be maintained for dogs and cats that are received by the facility.
D. Disposition records must accompany the dog or cat when it leaves the research facility. |
|
Definition
| C. Acquisition records must be maintained for dogs and cats that are received by the facility. |
|
|
Term
Reports prepared by the IACUC during semiannual facilities inspections must distinguish between minor and significant deficiencies. Which of the following best describes a significant deficiency?
A. Poses a threat to the health and safety of the animals
B. Poses a threat to the successful completion of the project
C. Poses a threat to the budget of the study
D. Poses a threat to the integrity of the research project |
|
Definition
| A. Poses a threat to the health and safety of the animals |
|
|
Term
On behalf of an institution, which individual is ultimately responsible for compliance with PHS Policy?
A. The IACUC
B. Attending Veterinarian
C. IACUC Chair
D. Institutional Official |
|
Definition
| D. Institutional Official |
|
|
Term
Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. A research institution can be either PHS-assured or registered with USDA, but not both.
B. Sheep used in a study testing different ways to improve the quality of wool for use in clothing would NOT be covered by the Animal Welfare Act.
C. Each PHS-assured institution must be inspected by OLAW at least annually, if the institution received federal funding for research.
D. All mice bred for laboratory use are covered by the Animal Welfare Regulations. |
|
Definition
| B. Sheep used in a study testing different ways to improve the quality of wool for use in clothing would NOT be covered by the Animal Welfare Act. |
|
|
Term
According to the PHS policy, any building, room, or area used for confinement, transport, or experiments including surgery is considered an animal facility if the animals are maintained there for more than ______ hours.
A. 48
B. 6
C. 24
D. 12 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
According to the PHS Policy, can the non-affiliated member and the nonscientific member of the IACUC be the same person?
A. Yes, but only if special permission is received from OLAW.
B. Yes, but only for one two-year term of participation.
C. Yes, but the committee still must consist of no less than five members.
D. No, one person cannot fulfill two roles |
|
Definition
| C. Yes, but the committee still must consist of no less than five members. |
|
|
Term
Which of the following is an example of a record that is NOT required by the IACUC to maintain?
A. Letter of Accreditation by AAALAC
B. Minutes of veterinary rounds meetings
C. Records of semiannual reports to the IO
D. Minutes of IACUC meetings |
|
Definition
| B. Minutes of veterinary rounds meetings |
|
|
Term
What does the PHS Policy state about the use of the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals by institutions receiving federal funding for research?
A. It recommends adherence to the Guide's standards.
B. It requires that they use the Guide as a basis to develop and implement their animal care and use program.
C. It suggests the Guide as a helpful reference.
D. It overrides the Guide with other PHS mandates. |
|
Definition
| B. It requires that they use the Guide as a basis to develop and implement their animal care and use program |
|
|
Term
What are three components that must be described in the Animal Welfare Assurance?
A. Environmental Health and Safety Program description, IACUC membership, and FDA status
B. Radiation Safety Program description, Animal Care and Use Program description, and Biological Hazards Program description
C. IACUC membership, USDA status, and Institutional status
D. Animal Care and Use Program description, Institutional Status, and IACUC membership |
|
Definition
| D. Animal Care and Use Program description, Institutional Status, and IACUC membership |
|
|
Term
According to the PHS Policy, the definition of animal includes which of the following?
A. Only warm-blooded species
B. Any live vertebrate animal
C. Any animal
D. Any vertebrate animal except laboratory strains of rats and mice, and birds |
|
Definition
| B. Any live vertebrate animal |
|
|
Term
Which of the following is not an IACUC activity?
A. Investigating concerns about animal care or use
B. Reviewing animal project activities
C. Administering the employee health service
D. Inspecting animal facilities
E. Developing animal program reports to the Institutional Official |
|
Definition
| C. Administering the employee health service |
|
|
Term
Which US agency requires placing animals used in research into pain/distress categories?
A. AVMA
B. OLAW
C. USDA
D. NIH |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What is the organization whose guidelines on euthanasia are required by the PHS Policy?
A. American Medical Association
B. American Veterinary Medical Association
C. Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology
D. Animal Welfare Information Center
E. Society for Neuroscience |
|
Definition
| B. American Veterinary Medical Association |
|
|
Term
Who appoints the IACUC members?
A. The Attending Veterinarian
B. The IACUC Chair
C. The CEO of the institution
D. The Director of Research Compliance |
|
Definition
| C. The CEO of the institution |
|
|
Term
Several types of records must be maintained by research institutions (i.e., minutes of IACUC meetings, etc.). How long must these records be retained by the institution for possible review after the completion of the project?
A. 5 years
B. 2 years
C. 3 years
D. 1 year |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What best describes the required composition of a 5-member IACUC?
A. a veterinarian, a nonscientist, and a public member not affiliated with the institution
B. a veterinarian, a scientist, and a public member not affiliated with the institution
C. a veterinarian, a scientist, a nonscientist, and a public member not affiliated with the institution
D. a veterinarian, a chairman, and a member from the public |
|
Definition
| C. a veterinarian, a scientist, a nonscientist, and a public member not affiliated with the institution |
|
|
Term
PHS Policy ______________ an occupational health and safety program for PHS-assured institutions.
A. outlines
B. requires
C. recommends
D. urges |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which federal law mandates the PHS Policy?
A. Animal Welfare Regulations
B. Animal Welfare Act
C. Health Research Extension Act (1985)
D. Laboratory Animals Act |
|
Definition
| C. Health Research Extension Act (1985) |
|
|
Term
Which of the following is NOT a component of the veterinary care program?
A. Animal procurement and transportation
B. Euthanasia
C. Treatment of diseases and injuries
D. Presurgical planning, training, monitoring, and postsurgical care
E. Training of husbandry personnel on changing cages |
|
Definition
| E. Training of husbandry personnel on changing cages |
|
|
Term
What is a quorum of a committee?
A. Three quarters of the members
B. More than half of the members
C. Less than half of the members
D. Half of the members |
|
Definition
| B. More than half of the members |
|
|
Term
The institution's program for the care and use of animals should include which of the following information?
A. Description of the training provided to personnel
B. Membership of the IACUC and its established procedures
C. Description of the occupational health and safety program available to personnel
D. Qualifications of the veterinarian participating in the program
E. All of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which is NOT a main objective of the Guide?
A. To provide institutional policies
B. To promote the advancement of science
C. To enhance animal well-being
D. To help institutions maintain high-quality research programs |
|
Definition
| A. To provide institutional policies |
|
|
Term
Which is an example of appropriate enrichment for a guinea pig?
A. Manipulable toy
B. Foraging device
C. Resting board
D. Shelter |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What does the term primary enclosure mean?
A. An animal facility room
B. A nest box
C. A cage, pen, or stall
D. An animal transport vehicle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following statements about an HVAC system is FALSE?
A. Air intakes that remove air from the outside should be located away from vehicles and equipment that generate exhaust fumes.
B. The HVAC system should maintain the relative humidity in the 30-70% range.
C. Temperature is best regulated by having a separate thermostat control in each animal holding room.
D. Each institution's HVAC system should maintain each room's temperature by +/- 5° C. |
|
Definition
| D. Each institution's HVAC system should maintain each room's temperature by +/- 5° C. |
|
|
Term
Which of the following is NOT a role of the attending veterinarian?
A. Providing for the veterinary treatment of all animals in the research program
B. Approving animal use protocols
C. Providing training on the use of sedatives, anesthetics, and analgesics
D. Assessing the health status of animals in the research program |
|
Definition
| B. Approving animal use protocols |
|
|
Term
What type of drug must be used with neuromuscular blocking agents?
A. Antipyretic
B. General anesthetic
C. Anticonvulsant
D. Sedative or tranquilizer |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Areas for quarantine, hazardous substance studies, and nonhuman primate rooms should be kept at ______________ pressure.
A. positive
B. negative
C. neutral
D. atmospheric |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Feed and bedding should be:
A. maintained at a higher temperature than animal housing rooms.
B. protected from vermin and toxic substances.
C. stored in the corridors for easy access by technicians.
D. stored under detergents and disinfectants. |
|
Definition
| B. protected from vermin and toxic substances. |
|
|
Term
Which of the following types of drugs relieve pain?
A. Anxiolytics
B. Sedatives
C. Neuromuscular blocking drugs
D. Analgesics |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What is the shelf life for feed that is fortified with non-stabilized vitamin C?
A. 1 month
B. 9 months
C. 6 months
D. 3 months |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which term is defined in the Guide as "an aversive state in which an animal fails to cope or adjust to various stressors with which it is presented"?
A. Stressor
B. Immobility
C. Distress
D. Pain |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What is the main problem caused by algae growth in an aquatic system?
A. Entrapment of animals
B. Increase of nitrogenous waste
C. Blocks ability to easily observe animals
D. Decrease in activity level of animals |
|
Definition
| C. Blocks ability to easily observe animals |
|
|
Term
Life support systems are usually one of three types: re-circulating, flow-through, or_____________.
A. aeration
B. ionized
C. neutralized
D. static |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which hazard is addressed with the use of bite and scratch emergency kits?
A. Tuberculosis
B. Macacine herpesvirus 1
C. Laboratory animal allergy
D. Radiation |
|
Definition
| B. Macacine herpesvirus 1 |
|
|
Term
Which of the following is the best definition of a laboratory animal as defined by the Guide?
A. Any invertebrate animal produced for or used in research, testing, or teaching.
B. Any animal produced for or used in research, testing, or teaching.
C. Any warm-blooded animal produced for or used in research, testing, or teaching.
D. Any vertebrate animal produced for or used in research, testing, or teaching. |
|
Definition
| D. Any vertebrate animal produced for or used in research, testing, or teaching. |
|
|
Term
In the Guide, which term means the physical structure that contains the water and the animals, and the equipment used to move and/or treat the water?
A. Substrate
B. Primary enclosure
C. Life support system
D. Microbial ecology |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding the Guide's discussion of the use of non-pharmaceutical grade chemicals?
A. The use of non-pharmaceutical grade chemicals should be described and justified in the IACUC-approved protocol.
B. The use of non-pharmaceutical grade chemicals should be minimized whenever possible, but need not be specified in the protocol.
C. Non-pharmaceutical grade chemicals may only be used on mice, rats, and birds.
D. Non-pharmaceutical grade chemicals may never be used on animals. |
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Definition
| A. The use of non-pharmaceutical grade chemicals should be described and justified in the IACUC-approved protocol. |
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Term
Which of the following animals require the same minimum cage height recommendations in the Guide?
A. Mice and hamsters
B. Rats and guinea pigs
C. Guinea pigs and rabbits
D. Rabbits and cats |
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Definition
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Term
Who has the responsibility to ensure that all personnel working with live animals have been properly and appropriately trained?
A. Attending Veterinarian
B. Institutional Official
C. Management
D. IACUC |
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Definition
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Term
Which are used to standardize the method for performing specific institutional practices and procedures?
A. Performance Standards
B. Principles
C. Procedures
D. Policies |
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Definition
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Term
Which is true about the effects of anesthetics?
A. Perception of pain is lost but consciousness is never lost.
B. Consciousness is lost before the perception of pain is lost.
C. Consciousness and pain perception are lost at the same time.
D. Perception of pain is lost before consciousness is lost. |
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Definition
| B. Consciousness is lost before the perception of pain is lost. |
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Term
Which term is defined in the Guide as "all measures to control known or unknown infections in laboratory animals."
A. Biosafety
B. Biosecurity
C. Quarantine
D. Stabilization |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following statements regarding floor drains is TRUE?
A. Floor drains are required in all animal rooms to minimize the danger of flooding from automatic watering systems.
B. Floor drains are not necessary in all animal rooms; but if they are used, they should be at least 4 inches in diameter.
C. While floor drains are not always required, they must be in place if an automatic watering system is used.
D. Floor drains 6 inches in diameter are required in all animal rooms. |
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Definition
| B. Floor drains are not necessary in all animal rooms; but if they are used, they should be at least 4 inches in diameter. |
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Term
Which of the following serves as a biological filter in the life support systems of aquatic animals?
A. Chlorine
B. Denitrifying bacteria
C. Water flow
D. Dissolved oxygen |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following is FALSE regarding performance standards?
A. Performance standards provide flexibility for achieving an outcome.
B. Performance standards should be balanced with engineering standards.
C. Performance standards require input from a team of qualified professionals.
D. Performance standards define the methods in detail to be used to achieve the outcome. |
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Definition
| D. Performance standards define the methods in detail to be used to achieve the outcome. |
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Term
When a federal employee licenses an invention to a private company, the employee cannot continue to work on the invention while on government duty because of the disqualifying interest represented by the employee's financial stake in the invention.
A. True
B. False |
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Definition
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Term
As a VA employee, you are required to disclose intellectual property to the VA so that the VA can determine if it has a claim on that property.
A. True
B. False |
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Definition
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Term
When should you get agency advice regarding activities that may create a conflict of interest?
A. Before any scientific work resulting from that activity is published.
B. Before a potentially problematic activity is completed.
C. Before you file taxes declaring payments made to you as part of royalty agreements.
D. Before you engage in that activity. |
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Definition
| D. Before you engage in that activity. |
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Term
To protect yourself from potentially severe penalties, you should discuss and fully disclose potential outside payment and royalty opportunities with whom?
A. Legal counsel representing a company that will be paying you royalties.
B. Your personal lawyer.
C. A banker or credit union official.
D. An agency ethics official. |
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Definition
| D. An agency ethics official. |
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Term
To violate Section 208, the employee's disqualifying financial interest must be a party to the matter in which he/she is making a recommendation.
A. True
B. False |
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Definition
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Term
If a VA researcher is conducting research "after-hours", a VA non-profit research corporation may supplement this employee's salary for the work although he is performing the same research project during his official tour of duty.
A. True
B. False |
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Definition
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Term
Stocks held by a sector fund outside of the main business or sector concentration do not usually represent a disqualifying financial interest under 18 U.S.C. § 208.
A. True
B. False |
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Definition
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Term
A federal researcher or clinician who receives royalty payments or compensation from a company licensing an invention can represent that company in matters in which the U.S. is a party or in which the U.S. government has a direct and substantial interest.
A. True
B. False |
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Definition
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Term
A federal physician is asked to speak about his federal research on AIDS after work to a non-profit organization. He can probably accept a payment or honorarium for the presentation without violating ethics statutes or regulations.
A. True
B. False |
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Definition
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