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CPR/AED
Lifeguard test 2
56
Other
Not Applicable
06/15/2010

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Cards

Term
Tasks that need gloves
Definition
1 Bleeding control w/ spurting blood
2. bleeding control with minimul bleeding
3. emergency childbirth
5. oral/nasal suctioning (manually clearing airway)
6. Handling and cleaning contaminated equpment and clothing
Term
General Procedures for injury or sudden illness on land
Definition
1. sizing up the scene
2. perform an initial assessment
3. summon emergency medical services (EMS)personell
4. Perform a secondary assessment
Term
5 Steps of Sizing up the Scene
Definition
1. Determine if the scene is safe
2. Put on the appropriate protective equipment
3. Determine what happened
4. the Number of victims
5. What additional help may be needed
Term
Initial assessment
Definition
1.Check the victim for conciousness and obtain consent
2. Summon EMS
3. Check for signs of life (movement and breathing)
4. GIVE 2 RESCUE BREATHS
5. if breaths go in CHECK FOR PULSE (no more than 10 seconds)

IF there is a pulse but no breathing begin rescue breathing
if there is no pulse begin CPR
if there is a pulse and breathing put victim in HAINES position
Term
Summons EMS if...
Definition
-unconcious or disoriented
-breathing problems
-chest discomfort
-no pulse
-severe bleeding
-persistant abdominal pain/pressure
-head/neck/back injuries
-allergic reactions
-stroke
-seizers in water or more than 5 minutes
-vomiting blood/passing blood
-severe burns
-broken bones
-poisioning
-sudden severe headaches
Term
Secondary assessment
Definition
only perform if the victim has no life threatening conditions.

To gather information. SAMPLE method
Term
Clothes Drag
Definition
if they have a head/neck/back injury

stand behind the victims head and gather the victims clothes behind neck
pull the victim, cradling the head with their clothes and your hands
Term
Two-Person Seat Carry
Definition
concious victim that can't walk
has NO suspected neck/back/head injury
Term
Walking Assist
Definition
Needs assistance walking to safety

put victims arm across your shoulder, hold forearm of victim
support their waist
Term
Pack Strap Carry
Definition
Concious or unconcious victim
uncouncious requires 2 lifeguards
no head/neck/back injuries

keep back straight and keens bent so your shoulders fit in the victims armpits
pull victim on back, cross their arms in front of you
Term
Blanket Drag
Definition
with limited equipment, can drag victim quickly- drag at head
Term
Foot Drag
Definition
TO MOVE A VICTIM TOO LARGE

grab ankles
pull victim in straight line
Term
hypoxia
Definition
insufficient oxygen reaches cells

symptoms: increased breathing and heart rates
Term
Cyanosis
Definition
a condition that develops when tissues do not get enough oxygen

lips and nailbeds turn blue
Term
Anaphylactic shock
Definition
a severe allergic reaction. Air passages swell and restrict breating. life threatening.
Term
cairing for respiratory distress
Definition
summon ems
put the victim in a comfortable position
reassure and comfort victim
assit with medication if necessary
keep the victim from getting chilled or overheated
administer oxygen (if trained)
Term
Epinephrine Administration
Definition
EPI PEN

used for victims of anaphylaxis
Term
ABCS
Definition
airway breathing circulation
Term
Rescue Breathing ratios
Definition
Adults: 1 breath every 5 seconds
Children: 1 Breath every 3 seconds
Infant: 1 breath every 3 seconds
Term
Continue resue breathing untill
Definition
1. victim breahes on his own
2. trained rescuer takes over
3. too exhausted to continue
4. no pulse (begin CPR)
5. the scene becomes unsafe
Term
rescue Breathing ADULT
Definition
1. conduct initial assessment
2. give 1 breath ever 5 seconds
3. do for 2 minutes, check for pulse
4. IF pulse, continue rescue breathing
NO pulse, start cpr
Term
rescue breathing child
Definition
1. initial assesment
2. 1 breath every 3 seconds
chin slightly past neutral
3. do for 2 minutes, check for pulse
Term
Bag-Valve mask resuscitators
Definition
rescuer one: positions mask and opens airway
rescuer 2: gives one squeeze every 5 seconds (adult) or 1 every 3 (child)
rescuer one: checks for pulse after 2 mins
Term
rescue breaths for victim with head/neck/back injury
Definition
try to open airway using the jaw-thrust maneuver
Term
mechanical obstruction
Definition
a foreign object blocks the airway
(food vomit toys blood)

tounge etc is anatomical
Term
Concious Choking Victim
Definition
Adults and Children
5 back blows, 5 abdominal thrusts

infant:
5 back blows, 5 chests thrusts
Term
unconcious choking adult and child
Definition
rescue breaths don't work, tilt head farther back and try again
give 5 chest thrusts
adult: 1.5-2 inches
child: 1-1.5 inches
look in victims mouth and try to grab the object
give rescue breaths once object is removed
Term
unconcious choking infant
Definition
reposition airway
5 chest thrusts
check for pulse
Term
Cardiac chain of survival
Definition
early recognition of emergency/contact with ems
early cpr
early defibrillation
early advanced medical care
Term
Common causes of a heart attack
Definition
Cardiovascular disease (eventuall atheroscierosis)
respiratory distress
electrocution
traumatic injury
Term
Recognizing a heart attack
Definition
1. discomfort pressure or pain
2. pain that comes and goes
3. trouble breathing
4. other signs and symptoms: pale ashy skin
damp sweaty face
Term
Caring for a victim of a heart attack
Definition
1. summon ems
2. have victim rest
3. loosen tight clothing
4. monitor victim untill ems arrives
5. comfort victim
6. give asprin (if permitted)
7. assist with perscribed meds
8. be prepared for CPR or AED
Term
Cardiac Arrest
Definition
heart stops beating or is beating too irregularly or weakly to circulate blood effectively
Term
symptoms of cardiac arrest
Definition
unconsciousness
no movement or breathing
no pulse
Term
CPR chest compressions per minute
Definition
100 for ANY victim
Term
Chest compressions (inches) for adult, child infant
Definition
ADULT: 1.5- 2 inches
CHILD: 1- 1.5
INFANT .5-1
Term
Continue CPR untill
Definition
1. AED available
2. too exhausted
3. scene is unsafe
4. obvious sign of life is detected
Term
CPR ADULT
Definition
1. Conduct initial assesment
2. Find correct hand position to give compressions
heel of hand at center of chest, plade the other hand on top
3. give 30 chest compressions
4. 2 rescue breaths
5. continue cycle of 30 compressions and 2 breaths
Term
infant CPR hand location
Definition
2 or 3 fingers on the center of the chest just below the nipple line
keep one hand on infants forehead to keep airway open
Term
Two Rescuer CPR
Definition
1: conduct initial assessment
2: find correct hand position
2: give chest compressions if ordered by 1
30 for adult
15 for child
1: gives 2 rescue breaths
1+2: continue cycles for 2 minutes (30:2 breaths adult 15:2 breath child)
RESCUERS change positions
Term
2 person cpr infant
Definition
Put towel under child to support neck

1 does initial assessment
2 finds hand position
2 15 compressions- use both thumbs
1 gives rescue breaths
2 calls for position change
Term
AED
Definition
An automated decive that recognizes a heart rhythm that requires a shock.

AEDs provide electrial shock to the heard called DEFIBRILLATION
Term
DEFIBRILLATION
Definition
an electrial shock to the heart
Term
Atria
Definition
Upper chambers of the heart
Term
Ventricles
Definition
Lower chambers of the heart
Term
SA node
Definition
point of origin of electrial impulses above the atria
Term
AV node
Definition
point midway between atria and ventricles
Term
Purkinje fibers
Definition
spread electrical impulses across the heart
Term
pulse
Definition
result of contraction of the left ventricle
Term
Electrocardiogram (ECG)
Definition
picks up electrial impulses and trasmits them to a monitor, peaks and valleys appear.
Term
Venntricular Fibrillation (V- FIB)
Definition
totally disorganized electrial activity in the heart.

quivering of the ventricles, cant pump blood, no movement of breathing and no pulse in victim.
Term
Ventricular Tachycardia (V- Tach)
Definition
a rapid contraction of the ventricles.

heart rate is so fast that the heart cant pump blood, no movement breathing or pulse
Term
AED shock to VFib and V tach
Definition
disrupts the electrial activity long enough to allow the heart to spontaneously develop an effective rhythm on its own.
Term
Asystole
Definition
All electrial activity in heart dies
Term
TO Use an AED on ADULT
Definition
1. initial assessment
2. turn on AED
3. Wipe the victims chest dry
4. attach the pads
ONE PAD ON VICTIMS UPPER RIGHT CHEST
ONE PAD ON VICTIMS LOWER LEFT SIDE
3. plug connector into AED
5. make sure no one is touching the victim- tell everyone to STAND CLEAR
6. push the analyze button
7. push shock button
8. if no shock is indicated...
Perform 5 cycles of CPR (2 mins) before anylyzing heart rhythm again
Term
AED on Child
Definition
1. initial assessment
2. turn on aed
3. wipe chest dry
4. attach pads
one on upper right chest
one on lower left side
make sure they are not touching
if they are put one on back and one in center of chest
plug the connector into AED
Make sure no one is touching the child- "STAND CLEAR
Analyze button
start button
after shock..
5 cycles of cpr
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