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Definition
A person or persons formally charged but not yet put on trial for committing a
crime. |
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Definition
A legal judgment, based on the decision of either a jury or judge, that a person
accused of a crime is not guilty of the charges for which he/she has been tried. |
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Definition
Evidence that is relevant and proper for consideration in reaching a decision in
court. Pre-trial hearings are often held to allow the judge to make this
determination. |
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Definition
A written, sworn statement in which the writer swears that the information
stated therein is true. |
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Definition
A request by either the defense counsel or prosecutor in a case to have a higher
court resolve a dispute with a judge’s decision |
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Definition
A hearing in which a person charged with a crime is brought before the court to
plead either guilty or not guilty to the criminal charges alleged in the indictment
or information, and is advised of his/her constitutional rights under law. By
definition, arraignment hearings are considered pre-trial hearings. |
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Definition
An order made on behalf of Oregon, based on a complaint and signed by a
judge, authorizing law enforcement to arrest a person who is thought to have
committed a crime. A person who is arrested on a warrant stays in custody until
bail or bond is posted, or until released by an order of the court. |
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Definition
| Security, usually a sum of money, exchanged for the release of an arrested person as a guarantee of that person's appearance for trial. |
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| Beyond a Reasonable Doubt |
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Definition
The degree of proof needed for a judge or jury to convict a person accused of a
crime. |
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Term
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Definition
Collective name for the first ten amendments to the United States Constitution.
These limitations serve to protect the natural rights of liberty and property. They
guarantee a number of personal freedoms, limit the government's power in
judicial and other proceedings, and reserve some powers to the states and the
public. While originally the amendments applied only to the federal government,
most of their provisions have since been held to apply to the states by way of
the Fourteenth Amendment. |
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Definition
| It guards against unreasonable searches and seizures, along with requiring any warrant to be judicially sanctioned and supported by probable cause. |
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| It protects against abuse of government authority in a legal procedure. |
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| It sets forth rights related to criminal prosecutions. |
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| It codifies the right to a jury trial in certain civil cases, and asserts that cases may not be re-examined by another court. |
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| Its prohibiting the federal government from imposing excessive bail, excessive fines or cruel and unusual punishments. |
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Definition
The State (represented by the prosecuting attorney) carries the burden of proof
to establish “beyond a reasonable doubt” that the defendant committed the |
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Term
| Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms |
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Definition
| the law enforcement and tax collection agency of the Treasury Department that enforces federal laws concerning alcohol and tobacco products and firearms and explosives and arson |
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Definition
Civil law seeks to resolve non-criminal disputes such as disagreements over the
meaning of contracts, property ownership, divorce, child custody, and damages
for personal and property damage |
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Definition
| Reducing the sentence of someone convicted of a crime. |
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Definition
A judgment of the court, based either on the decision of a jury or judge, that
the defendant is guilty of the crime for which he/she was tried. |
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Definition
Is the body of law that relates to crime. It might be defined as the body of rules
that defines conduct that is not allowed because it is held to threaten, harm or
endanger the safety and welfare of people, and that sets out the punishment to
be imposed on people who do not obey these laws. Criminal law is to be
distinguished from civil law. |
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Definition
A person who has been formally charged by a court with committing a specific
crime. Symbolized in short hand by a triangle. |
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Definition
| A public official who acts as prosecutor for the state or the federal government in court in a particular district. |
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Definition
| The unavalablity to atempt the prosecution of a person twice for the same offense. |
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Term
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Definition
| The action of extraditing a person accused or convicted of a crime. |
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| Federal Bureau of Investigation |
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Definition
| a federal law enforcement agency that is the principal investigative arm of the Department of Justice |
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Definition
| A serious crime potentially punishable by incarceration. |
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Definition
A collection of citizens called to serve on a jury whose duty it is to examine the
evidence supporting charges alleged by law enforcement and/or the prosecutor
to determine if the evidence is sufficient to have a trial. |
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Term
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Definition
A verdict of a judge or jury that a person accused of committing a crime did
commit it. |
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Term
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Definition
A Federal process and proceeding in which a prisoner challenges the lawfulness
of his/her imprisonment. |
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Term
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Definition
| The Code of Hammurabi was a comprehensive set of laws, considered by many scholars to be the oldest laws established; they were handed down four thousand years ago by King Hammurabi of Babylon. |
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Definition
A formal charging document presented by the prosecution to a grand jury. The
grand jury may then issue the indictment if it believes that if the accusation is
proved, it would lead to a conviction. |
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Definition
The local facility where people are held in custody. Defendants awaiting trial and
people convicted of lesser crimes are held in jail, as opposed to prison. |
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Term
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Definition
| An officer of the court who presides over cases and decides questions of law. |
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Term
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Definition
| Is the practical authority granted to a formally constituted legal body or to a |
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Definition
A panel of citizens selected by the prosecution, defense, and judge, and sworn
to determine certain facts by listening to testimony in order to decide if the
defendant committed the crime. |
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Term
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Definition
| A civil officer or lay judge who administers the law, esp. one who conducts a court that deals with minor offenses. |
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Definition
Is a warning given by police in the United States to criminal suspects in police
custody (or in a custodial interrogation) before they are interrogated to preserve
the admissibility of their statements against them in criminal proceedings. |
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Term
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Definition
A crime that is less serious than a felony, and for which the conviction can mean
imprisonment for one year or less, usually in a jail or other local facility, and/or
a fin |
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Term
| No Contest (Nolo Contendre) |
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Definition
A defendant’s formal answer in court to the charges where the defendant states
that he/she does not contest the charges. The nolo contendre plea is not an
admission of guilt, but carries the same legal consequences as a guilty plea. |
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Term
| North Carolina Highway Patrol |
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Definition
| It is the highway patrol agency for North Carolina which has no per-se "state police" agency. |
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Term
| North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission |
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Definition
| The North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission is a state government agency that practices conservation and management of North Carolina |
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Definition
An official release from responsibility and consequences for a crime, usually only
granted by the Governor of a state or the President of the United States. |
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Term
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Definition
Release of a prisoner from imprisonment, but not from legal custody and
supervision. People under parole supervision are subject to conditions of
supervision that are designed to reduce recidivism and promote public safety,
and are supervised by a parole officer. |
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Term
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Definition
| The anser and resolution is simple |
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Term
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Definition
An agreement between the defendant and the prosecuting attorney that will
bring the case to an end if the court approves the agreement. It usually involves
the defendant’s plea of guilty to a lesser offense, which could include arecommendation for a lesser sentence. |
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Definition
| a branch of goverment in most if not all towns to inforce and uphold the law |
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Term
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Definition
| A building to which people are legally committed as a punishment for crimes they have committed or while awaiting trial. |
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Term
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Definition
| A special right, advantage, or immunity granted or available only to one person or group of people. |
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Term
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Definition
Conditional freedom granted to a person by the court after conviction or a guilty
plea, with requirements for the person’s behavior (“conditions of probation”),
where a violation of the conditions may potentially mean jail or prison time. A
probation officer conducts supervision. |
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Term
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Definition
The degree of proof needed to arrest and begin prosecution against a person
suspected of committing a crime. The evidence must be such that a reasonable
person would believe that this specific crime was committed, and that it is
probable that the person being accused committed it. |
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Term
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Definition
A lawyer employed by the government or elected by the people to represent the
State’s interests in court proceedings against people accused of committing
crimes. Colorado prosecutors’ offices have victim/witness programs that are
designed to inform victims of their rights, help them understand the criminal
justice process, and provide them with information about and referrals to
services that can help. |
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Term
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Definition
| A lawyer employed at public expense in a criminal trial to represent a defendant who is unable to afford legal assistance. |
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Term
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Definition
An order issued by a court that forbids a person from doing something. In the
context of victim protection, often an order forbidding the alleged or convicted
offender to have any contact with the victim (or other people connected to the
victim) or witnesses. (Sometimes referred to as: stay away order, no contact
order, or protective order.) |
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Term
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Definition
| Morally good, justified, or acceptable. |
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Term
| State Bureau of Investigation |
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Definition
| is a state-level detective agency in the United States. They are plainclothes agencies which usually investigate both criminal and civil cases involving the state and/or multiple jurisdictions. |
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Term
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Definition
| Is in principle a legal official with responsibility for a county. |
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Term
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Definition
A court order requiring a person to appear in court on a specified day and time
to give testimony. It may also include an order to produce documents or
records. Failure to appear constitutes contempt of court. |
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Term
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Definition
A court order used to bring a person accused of a crime (who is not in custody)
to court. |
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Term
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Definition
| The official record of a trial or hearing. |
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Definition
| a primitive method of determining a person's guilt or innocence by subjecting the accused person to dangerous or painful tests believed to be under divine control; escape was usually taken as a sign of innocence |
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Definition
| The voluntary surrender of a right, claim, or privilege. |
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Term
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Definition
A court order directing a law enforcement officer to make an arrest, a search, or
a seizure. |
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