Term
| Why are the police considered to be the gatekeepers of criminal justice? |
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Definition
-choose whose in the system
-have the ability to make decisions |
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Definition
1.) morals enforcement
2.) class control
3.) riot control
4.) order maintenance
5.) safety
6.) service
7.) solve crime |
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| us vs. them. Police are good guys, we are the bad |
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| start off thinking that they can change the world but then their mentality changes due to |
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| indicators: high alcohol levels, high suicide levels, poor health, high domestic violence |
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| kin policing: family members were in charge of punishing their own family members |
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-feudal system: watch and ward system; like neighborhood watch system
-mutual pledge system: as a farmer or peasant; you would pay a constable (higher power)
-winchester: telephone neighbor |
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Definition
-ironically the control of the police created the mob
-police became less respected, unpopular
-FBI was created |
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-police would release guards dogs on citizens, hosed protestors
-police viewed as careless |
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Definition
| -police try to regain respect |
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Term
| Wilson’s typology of police style |
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Definition
1.)Watchmen Style: focus on maintaining order through threats, warning, roughing people up. Typically found in poor community. Viewed as community against and versus the police
2.)Legalistic: enforce the letter of the law through arrest.
-Hands off approach
-only comes if they have to
-found in middle class communities
3.)Service Style: avoids arrest, uses referals
-keep people out of the system as much as possible
-upper class community |
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Term
| Kleinig’s typology of police system |
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Definition
1.)Crime Factor: enemy bad guy/police good guy
2.)Emergency operator model: emergency professionals that get called in to solve a problem (ex: fire fighters)
3.)Social Enforcer: comes in to fix the problem; handles the problem then moves on
4.)Social Peacekeeper:
-wants to be involved in the crime
-what caused the crime plus the social problems that effected it also |
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Definition
1960s police community relations
-try to fix things with the community such as doing:
- ride alongs
-open houses
-create neighbordhood watch |
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1970s team policing
-get rid of uniforms
-get rid of policing ranks
-get rid of detectives |
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1980s directed patrol
-police told to concentrate on hotspots
-split force policing (divide force in half for tasks) |
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1990s community policing
-foot patrol
-assigned neighborhoods and get acquinted
-hanging w/ the kids, teachers, people, etc |
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2000s homeland security
-assigned to new locations
-airport, train stations, bus depots |
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Term
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Definition
-Excessive force:one officer
-Excessive use of force:department |
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Term
Stop and Frisk Law: (Terry v. Ohio)
STOP |
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Definition
STOP:
-temporary detained if has reasonable suspicion that person is up to no good
When you can make a stop:
1.)Suspect doesn’t fit the time or place
2.)match description of wanted person
3.)acting “strongly” emotional, angry, upset
4.)if loitering or appear to be looking for something
5.)running away
6.)crime scene, anyone there can be stopped and questioned
7.)if in high crime area |
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Term
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Definition
FRISK:
-can only conduct a frisk to dispel danger
-usually done by experienced officer
When a frisk is justified: ALWAYS:
1.)concern for safety of officers or other
2.)if the suspect they’re looking for is armed and dangerous
3.)about to commit a crime where a weapon is usually used
When a frisk is justified: SOMETIMES:
1.)officer is alone
2.)different in size, larger number
3.)behavior of suspect
4.)if they gave you evasive answers
5.)if only reason is time or area |
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Term
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Definition
4th Amendment Protects you:
-requires a warrant
-requires a probably cause
RULES:
-after warrant is issued cant be used after 48 hours
-not on Sunday or night
-must knock and announce first
-warrants must contain certain info: street address, description of where to search, describe what they’re looking for, and must contain judge signature |
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Term
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Definition
-evidence obtained illegally is not presentable in court. Example: Mapp vs. Ohio
-done to punish police misbehavior
Two Exceptions
1.)Good Faith Doctrine: if the police were acting in a way that they thought was correct, the evidence can be let in. Example: angry ex. Girlfriend lies to cops about seeing ex. Boyfriend at the scene of the crime but police find stuff anyway
2.)Inevitable Discovery: if police were going to discover evidence anyway, evidence can be admitted as proof |
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