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| A serious crime, usually punishable by imprisonment for 1 year or more. |
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| A less serious offense, usually punishable by a fine or imprisonment for <1 year. |
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| Socially acceptable substances. |
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| Relationships between variables. What factors related to crime? |
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| business related offenses. non-violent and usually for money |
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| illegal acts by organizations. Loan sharking, prostitution, murder-for-hire, gangs, etc. |
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| crime in which there is no evidence of an individual's suffering (public order crime) |
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| most common form of crime. Larceny, burglary, motor vehicle theft, arson. |
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Definition
| the ability of individuals in the criminal justice system to make operational decisions based on personal judgements instead of formal rules of offical information |
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| Dual Court System - federal court + 50 different state courts. Supreme court is the highest court system |
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Definition
| the theory that criminals weigh the pros and cons and when the perveived benefits are greater, they will likely commit the crime. This does not account for impuslive behavior |
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| suggests there are biological and psychological traits that individuals posses that could incline them to criminal behavior given certain circumstances. |
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Term
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Definition
the cirumstances surrounding victimization has 3 components.
1. suitable target (person or object)
2. Motivated offender
3. Absence of a cabable guardian
Value is often added to targets. the higher the value, the more likely the target will be a victim |
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Definition
| assumption that crime is the result of frustration felt by individuals who cannot reach their financial and personal goals through legitimate means. "Fun with Dick and Jane" |
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| views crimes as learned behavior, usually learned from a family member/friend/mentor. |
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Definition
| a relationship where one variable causes a change in another. What factors cause crime? |
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Term
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Definition
| uniform crime report. includes basic data from policing agencies around the country. # of arrests, # of crimes reported, # of officers and support specialists |
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| National Incident Based Reporting Service. Provides info about offenses, victims, offenders, and arrestees. More complete picture |
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| citizens directly regarding criminal victimizations. measures reported and unreported crime (dark figure of crime.) Not very reliable though |
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Definition
| Asks respondents to tell about their criminal activities. Reliability an issue |
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Definition
| Violent Crimes and Property Crimes |
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| Everything other than Violent Crime and Property crime |
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Term
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Definition
| Re-offending after you already have |
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Term
| Difference between Robbery and Burglary |
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Definition
Robbery - taking property by force, threat of force, or intimidation
Burglary - breaking and entering into a dwelling (without permission) to commit a felony therein |
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| Difference between Jail and Prison |
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Definition
Jail - <1 year
Prison - >1 year |
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Definition
| Primary emphasis on the right of the individual to be protected from crime |
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| primary emphasis on the individual to be protected from the power of the government |
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| Difference between Parole and Probation |
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Definition
Parole - early release from a prison sentence
Probation - handed down from a judge in the court system. usually in lieu of jail time, or with jail time. |
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Term
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Definition
| crimes that go unreported to the police |
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