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Criminal Justice Final
CJ 100 Chapters 11-14
61
Criminal Justice
Undergraduate 1
12/03/2017

Additional Criminal Justice Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
What employees are considered line personnel
Definition
Correctional Officers
Term
Advantages of house arrest
Definition
  • cheaper than incarceration
  • limits the effects it has on families if they go to jail
Term
Administrative Segregation
Definition
allowed specified time to leave cell
Term
Electronic Monitoring
Definition
used in conjunction with house arrest for more serious offenders
Term
Deprivation Model
Definition

Situational factors play a role in institutional aggression

  • Prisoners are not trusted to live in free world
  • Lose civil rights
  • Prisoners have no power
  • Deprivation of heterosexual relationships
Term
Megan's Law
Definition
sex offenders must register and notify the community when they move into a new area
Term
Importation Model
Definition
brought into the prison from the outside walls
Term

Three forms of temporary release from prison

 

Definition
  • Parole
  • Work-release program- work during the day but must return to the facility at night and on weekends
  • Halfway House- reintroduces them into society
Term
Unconditional Release
Definition
effective immediately; waiver
Term
8th amendment
Definition
  • prohibits the government from imposing excessive bail
  • prohibits cruel and unusual punishment
Term
What employees are considered staff personnel
Definition
clerks, secretaries, training officers
Term
Reality Therapy
Definition
  • Focuses on misbehavior

Ex: "Better way to approach this would be"

Term
Is the US the number one incarcerator in the world?
Definition
Yes
Term
First probation officer of the US
Definition
John Augustus
Term
Factors judges consider when determining whether a person is eligible for probation or not
Definition
  • seriousness of crime
  • criminal record
  • whether a weapon was used
Term
Technical violation of probation
Definition
offender violates the conditions of probation
Term
Forfeiture
Definition
allows the government to seize property used in the commission of a crime
Term
Restorative Justice
Definition
  • Focuses on the community; tries to change way people think about crime
  • Crime is a harm committed against individual victims
Term
Judicial Waiver
Definition

Transferring juvenile to adult court

  • Serious violent offenders
  • Chronic offenders
Term
Nationalist-Separatist Terrorism
Definition
  • Nationalist terrorists seek to form self-determination in some form
  • Create an independent, sovereign state
Term
Total Institutions
Definition
  • Environment closed off from world
  • Everyone treated alike
Term
House Arrest
Definition
helps avoid adverse effects on families
Term
Reparative Probation
Definition
hearing board develops appropriate sentences for nonviolent offenders
Term
Is a repeat status offender a good candidate for a diversion program?
Definition
yes
Term
Child Savers
Definition
saves children through state intervention
Term
House of Refuge
Definition
  • Located in New York
  • Provided for neglected or vagrant children of poor and immigrants
Term
Difference between juvenile and adult courts
Definition
sentencing focusing on treatment rather than punishment
Term
In re Gault
Definition
Juveniles have the same rights as adults when they are accused of a crime
Term
Kent v United States
Definition
established procedures for judging making transfer decision
Term
Left-Wing Terrorism
Definition
Overthrowing conservatives or capitalists and replacing them with liberal societies
Term
What type of offenders associate with intensive aftercare
Definition
repeating statute offenders
Term
Where was the first juvenile adult court located
Definition
Illinois
Term
Right-Wing Terrorism
Definition
  • Anti-Communism beliefs, racism, and opposition to immigration
  • No international cooperation
Term
USA Patriot Act
Definition
  • Allows wiretapping and roving wiretaps
  • Increased legal penalties for terror-related crimes
  • Federal agents can obtain records of businesses suspected of posing risks to national security
Term
Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act
Definition
modification to the US Patriot Act
Term
Department of Homeland Security
Definition

Protect the United States

  • Coordinates intelligence efforts and communication with law enforcement
Term
Schall v Martin
Definition
juveniles posing serious risk of committing more crimes can be held without determination of probable cause
Term
Transportation Security Administration
Definition
  • protects the nations transportation systems
  • security and screening of passengers and baggage at airports
Term
Hijacking
Definition
Illegally seize in transit and force to go in a different destination or use for one's own purposes
Term
Cyberspace
Definition
known as the nervous system of the United States
Term
Roper v Simmons
Definition
prohibition of executing offenders under 18
Term
Cybercrime
Definition

Computer technologies

  • intend to damage and destroy networks
  • Obtain information and money
  • Disrupt business operations
Term
McKeiver v Pennsylvania
Definition
juveniles in juvenile court proceedings were not entitled to a jury trial
Term
Cyberterrorism
Definition
  • use of computers as weapons or targets by subnational groups
  • Intent to influence government to change policies
Term
Phishing
Definition
Creation of websites and emails that resemble businesses and government agencies to deceive internet users into disclosing private financial information
Term
Breed v Jones
Definition
trying a person in adult court after they were tried in a juvenile court is considered double jeopardy and is unconstitutional
Term
Identity Theft
Definition
Suspect assumes identity by unlawfully using the victim's identification with intent to commit crime
Term
Do right-wing terrorists attack liberal democratic governments?
Definition
yes
Term
What is the US War on terrorism aimed at?
Definition
Radical Islamic
Term
Bioterrorism
Definition
Nuclear weapons or gases that affect the human biochemicals
Term
Malware
Definition
software intended to cause damage or disable computers
Term
Types of Identity Theft
Definition
  • Identity Cloning
  • Financial
  • Criminal
  • Business
Term
Stanford v Kentucky
Definition
sanctioned the imposition of the death penalty on offenders who are at least 16 years of age
Term
Delinquency Cases
Definition
probable cause is not required prior to juveniles arrest
Term
Aftercare
Definition
Delinquents subject to conditions and supervision requirements
Term
Wolff v McDonnell
Definition
outlined steps administration must follow in delinquency process
Term
Fulwood v Clemmer
Definition
inmates are allowed to practice the Muslim religion and are not denied that right
Term
Holt v Sarver
Definition
Found entire state prisons in violation of prisoners constitutional rights by inflicting cruel and unusual punishmenet
Term
Gagnon v Scarpelli
Definition
due process rights for probationers
Term
Immigration and Customs Enforcement
Definition
identifies and mitigates threats at the US borders
Term
Thompson v Oklahoma
Definition
prohibited execution of offender under 16
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