adequate tissue perfusion

adequate oxygen delivery

mean arterial pressure

MAP

calculation

normal range

MAP=CO X Vascular resistance

MAP=(1/3(SBP-DBP))+DBP

normal = 70-100

systemic vascular resistance

SVR

range

afterload of left heart

900-1300 dynes x s x m2/cm5

pulmonary vascular resistance

PVR

range

resistance of the pulmonary system

afterload of right heart

normal 100-200 

cardiac output

CO

Liters of blood pumped by heart per minute

CO = SV X HR

normal 4-6 L/min

cardiac index

CI

cardiac output indexed for body surface area

CI = CO/BSA

Normal 2.5 - 4 L/min/m2

strove volume

SV

volume of blood ejected from ventricle during systole

represents the contractile performance of the ventricle

directly affected by preload and afterload

45-60 ml/beat

important for determining volume status

difficult to measure true volume

estimate using: CVP, PAOP (pulmonary artery occlusion pressure)

approximation of venous volume returning to right heart

may represent right ventricular preload

**does not represent left heart volume**

2-12 mmHg range

pulmonary arterial occlusion pressure

PAOP (wedge pressure)

approximates preload of left heart

filling pressure of left ventricle

used to indicate intravascular volume

limited by increasing lung and chest pressures

normal 8-13 mmHg range

changing ventricular compliance

mitral valve disease

catheter position

elevated intrathroacic/abdominal pressure