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CRJ quiz
CRJ Quiz #1
54
Criminal Justice
11th Grade
02/12/2014

Additional Criminal Justice Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Classical crime theory
Definition
Crime is caused by free will or choice. Emphasis on swift and certain punishment. Punishment is a necessary evil.
Free will theories
Term
Biological crime theory
Definition
Crime has a physiological basis. You are born a criminal.
Phrenology, Atavism, Criminal Families
Term
Psychological crime theory
Definition
Crime results from a dysfunctional or abnormal personality. The "mind."
Term
Psychobiological crime theory
Definition
Crime is caused by a physical influence on the personality.
Chromosome theory
Term
Sociological crime theory
Definition
Crime is caused by the structure of society or some social issue.
Social disorganization
Term
Social process crime theory
Definition
Crime is a learned process.
Differential association, social learning, and labeling
Term
Conflict crime theory
Definition
Crime is a result of economic and social inequities. System needs to be changed immediately.
Radical criminology
Term
Emergent crime theory
Definition
New theories including the feminist theories of crime.
Feminist criminology
Term
Individual rights advocate
Definition
One who seeks to protect personal freedoms within the process of criminal justice
Term
Public order advocate
Definition
One who believes that under certain circumstances involving a criminal threat to public safety, the interests of society should take precedence over individual rights
Term
Criminal Justice
Definition
The criminal law, the law of criminal procedure, and the array of procedures and activities having to do with the enforcement of this body of law.
Term
Police, Courts, and Corrections
Definition
Three components of the criminal justice system
Term
Individual rights guaranteed by the Bill of Rights
Definition
A right to be assumed innocent until proven guilty.
A right against unreasonable searches of person and place of residence.
A right against self-incrimination.
A right to an attorney.
A right to trial by jury.
A right against cruel or unusual punishment.
A right to a speedy trial.
Term
Criminology
Definition
The study of why people commit crimes.
Term
2 ways crime data is collected in the US
Definition
Uniform crime report and national crime victimization survey.
Term
Uniform crime report
Definition
Crime reported to police and then analyzed by FBI to establish a crime rate.
Term
National Crime Victimization Survey
Definition
Survey done by justice department of selected households to make a statistical analysis or crime victimization
Term
8 crimes the make up the Uniform Crime Report
Definition
Murder, Rape, Robbery, Aggravated Assault, Burglary, Larceny-theft, Motor Vehicle Theft, and Arson
Term
Eight theories that attempt to explain crime
Definition
Classical crime theory, biological crime theory, physical crime theory, psychobiological crime theory, sociological crime theory, social process crime theory, conflict crime theory, and emergent crime theory.
Term
Special categories of crime of crime typologies
Definition
Crime against women, crime against the elderly, hate crimes, white collar and corporate crimes, organized crime, drug crime, and cybercrime
Term
Larceny theft
Definition
MOST OFTEN REPORTED TO THE POLICE. The unlawful taking, carrying, leading, or riding away of property, from the possession or constructive possession of another.
Term
Statutory Law
Definition
Written law made by the legislative, also known as "law on the books."
Term
Case Law
Definition
The body of judicial precedent that serves as a guide to decision making.
Term
What laws do
Definition
Laws maintain order in society
Laws enforce moral beliefs
Laws promote orderly social change
Laws mandate punishment and retribution
Term
5 different types of law
Definition
Criminal law, civil law, administrative law, case law, and procedural law
Term
Criminal law
Definition
The assumption that criminal acts injure not just individuals, but society as a whole. Punishment.
Term
Civil law
Definition
Relationships between people, business, and parties; non criminal. Compensation.
Term
Administrative law
Definition
The body of regulations the governments create to control the activities of industry, business, and individuals.
Term
Case law; law of precedent
Definition
A legal principle that ensures that previous judicial decisions are authoritatively considered and incorporated into future cases.
Term
Procedural law
Definition
The part is the law that specifies the methods to be used in enforcing substantive law.
Term
Five categories of crime
Definition
Felony, misdemeanor, offenses, treason/espionage, and inchoate offense
Term
Felony
Definition
A serious crime for a felony of more than a year. Prison.
Term
Misdemeanor
Definition
Any crime for a penalty of less that a year. Jail.
Term
Offenses
Definition
Minor violations of the law that are less serious than misdemeanors; ticket instead of jail
Term
Treason(any attempt to overthrow the gov. or injure the us)/Espionage(spying)
Definition
Federal crimes, could be put to death for them.
Term
Inchoate offense
Definition
Incomplete or partial; any attempt at crime.
Term
General features of a crime
Definition
Criminal act and guilty mind
Term
Latin term for criminal act
Definition
Actus reus
Term
Latin term for guilty mind
Definition
Mens rea
Term
4 types of mens rea
Definition
Purposeful, knowing, reckless, and negligent
Term
Corpus Delicti(body of the crime)
Definition
The facts that a crime had occurred(action)
Every crime must have one
Term
Criminal defenses
Definition
Alibi, justification, excuse, and procedural
Term
Justification defense and types
Definition
Defendant admits to committing the crime but claims it was necessary to avoid some greater evil.
Self defense, defense of home and property, necessity, consent, and defense of others
Term
Excuse defense and types
Definition
Some personal circumstance or condition that makes them unresponsible for his or her actions.
Duress, age, mistake, unconsciousness, and insanity
Term
Duress Defense (excuse)
Definition
Forced to commit the crime, unaware of own actions.
Term
Age Defense (excuse)
Definition
Children cannot reason logically until around the age of 17. Infancy.
Term
Mistake Defense (excuse)
Definition
Ignorance of the law is not an excuse.
Term
Involuntary Intoxication defense (excuse)
Definition
Some type of condition that had effected your condition. Not self induced.
Term
Unconsciousness Defense (excuse)
Definition
Sleep walking; seizure
Term
Insanity Defense and types (excuse)
Definition
Person did not know what they were doing based on a mental illness.
The M'Naghten rule, irresistible impulse, guilty but mentally ill
Term
Procedural defense and types
Definition
The defendant was undone manner discriminated against in the justice process or that some important aspect of official procedure was not properly followed.
Entrapment, double jeopardy, selective prosecution, prosecutorial misconduct, police fraud, and denial of a speedy trial
Term
The M'Naghten rule (excuse;insanity)
Definition
Asks whether the defendant knew what he or she was doing or whether the defendant knew that what he or she was doing was wrong.
Term
Irresistible Impulse (excuse;insanity)
Definition
An impulse that cannot be controlled.
Term
Guilty but mentally ill (excuse;insanity)
Definition
A person can be held responsible for a specific criminal act even though a degree of mental incompetence may be present in his or her personality.
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