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CU Bio 110 Exam 2
prokaryotes
17
Biology
Undergraduate 1
10/14/2007

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Term
ribosomes
Definition
a small body that functions in protein synthesis
Term
mesosome
Definition
infolding of a bacterial plasma membran; usually carries out metabolic functions
Term
heterotrophic  
Definition
diet must include performed organic compounds
Term
autotrophic
Definition
doesnt need to ingest performed organic compounds
Term
lamellae
Definition
sheetlike exspanses in membrane inside cell wall 
Term
thylakoid membranes
Definition
lamellae that functions in photosynthesis
Term
Vesticles
Definition
spheres of membranes inside a cell
Term
inclusion bodies
Definition
aggregations of carbon , phosphate, or other stored substnaces
Term
fimbraiae
Definition
short protein tubes that extend from the cell wall and allow a bacterium to adhere to surfaces. are often important in pathogenicity
Term
pili
Definition
longe, larger protein tubes that allow bacteria to transfer DNA to other bacteria 
Term
peptidoglycan
Definition
a complex molecule composed of amino acids and carbohydrates . found in the cell walls of most bacteria, but never in the cell walls of eukaryotes or archea
Term
gram positve
Definition
a prokaryote whose thick,exposed peptidoglycan cell wall holds  crystal violet strain
Term
gram negative
Definition
a prokaryote whose thin  peptidoglycan wall is covered by an outer membrane . walls do not retain crystal violet stain
Term
kingdom bacteria
Definition
most prokaryotes. common name = "bacteria"
Term
kingdom archaea
Definition
a group of prokaryotes that differ from bacteria in their cell walls (they lack peptidoglycan), membrane chemistr, RNA polymerase, ribosome proteins. 
Term
domain
Definition
toxonomic grouping above the kingdom level.
Term
three domains
Definition
bacteria, archaea, eukarya
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