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-Franco-Czech writer.
-Author of "Unbearable Lightness of Being." Depicts the lives of intellectuals in Prague after the USSR invaded. |
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-In 1944 he refused to take part in the Warsaw Uprising.
-A diplomat for the communist People's Republic of Poland, he broke with the government in 1951 and sought political asylum in France. |
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-"Bloody Sunday"
-Protest march in St. Petersburg by peasants; put down by armed force |
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-A fundamental concept in religion, spirituality, and secular philosophy
-Being illuminated by aqcuiring new wisdom or understanding |
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| the historical name for the republic that governed Germany from 1919 to 1933 |
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an organizational unit in agriculture in which peasants are not paid wages, but recieve a share of the farm's output (food)
SOVIET UNION |
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| February Revolution (Russia) |
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-1917
-First stage of Russian Revolution
-Forced abdication of Tsar Nicholas II by liberals and socialist groups |
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-Also known as October Revolution
-Led by Lenin and Trotsky
-2nd Phase of Russian Revolution
-Overthrew provisional Russian Gov't |
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-Nov 9. 1923
-Hitler and other Nazi's unsucessfully marched into a beer hall in Munich, stood on chair, shot gun at ceiling and proclaimed that a national revolution had broken out. |
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In 1932-1933, a great famine in Soviet Ukraine killed millions
-Soviet Collectivization was cause. |
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| A Racial policy of Nazi's, stating Aryan race as superior, and inacted many laws oppressing German Jews |
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| a Croatian far-right organisation put in charge of the Independent State of Croatia by the Axis Powers in 1941, in which they pursued nazi/fascist policies. The UstaĊĦe were subsequently expelled by the communist Yugoslav partisans in 1945. |
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| -Book Hitler wrote in prison with elements of autobiography and political ideologies ofNazism. |
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| Nazi Germany's expansionist policies to provide LIVING SPACE for growing German population. |
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| The 1938 inclusion of Austria into the "Greater Germany" by the Nazis. |
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| 1938 Conference where Neville Chamberlain and 'allies' sold out Sudetenland (Czechoslovakia) in appeasement to Hitler. |
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| -1902 Book/political pamphlet by Vladimir Lenin encouraging vanguard |
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| Prime Minister of U.K. from 1937-1940. Criticized for appeasing Hitler at Munich Conference by giving him the Sudetenland. "I have acheived peace in our time" |
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| Czech land with significant (ethnic) German population. Made up of 3 areas: Bohemia, Moravia, and part of Silesia. |
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| 1939 Nazi-Soviet nonagression treaty. Lasted until June 1941. |
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| The name given by Germany to the governing authority of Poland during Nazi occupation. (1939) |
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| Nazi invasion of the Soviet Union in June 1941. Violated Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact. |
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| Communist leader of Yugoslavia from 1945-1980. Tito was only Commie leader to successfully defy Stalin. Tito soon became enemy of Soviet state. |
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| Treaty that officially ended WWI. The 4 major empires ended. Treaty SERIOUSLY oppressed Germany (large reparations to Europe and demilitarization). Demoralized Germany. Weimar Republic established. |
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| Hebrew zionist movement based in Eastern Europe. This Jewish resistance led the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising in 1943 |
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| Polish WWII resistance fighter. He escaped Poland in 1939. Informed US, Polish, and British of situation in Poland in 1942. Explained Holocaust and destruction of Warsaw Ghetto. |
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| Nazi extermination camp located 100km northeast of Warsaw |
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| Jewish armed resistance against the Nazis in the Warsaw Ghettos in April 1943 that lasted a month. Eventually crushed by Nazis. |
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| 1941 Yugoslav resistance group that eventually collaborated with Axis Powers against the Communists. Most were executed following WWII. |
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| Jewish administrative bodies that the Nazis forced the Jews to form in the Ghettos. Ghetto Jewish police. |
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| The largest of the Nazi extermination camps |
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| ZOB (Jewish Combat Organization) |
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| Jewish resistance movement that helped orchestrate the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising |
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| The major turning point of WWII and the bloodiest battle in human history. Summer 1942, Germans surrounded Stalingrad and the Soviets won, pushing the Germans back to the west for good. |
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| The dominant resistance group in Nazi-occupied Poland. Anti-Nazi AND anti-Communist |
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| Polish COMMUNIST anti-Nazi resistance group. |
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| 1944 effort by Polish AK (Home Army) to drive Nazi's from Warsaw. Soviets waited across the river from Warsaw while Nazis and AK massacred eachother. Nearly 300,000 Poles killed |
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| The Endlosung (Final Solution) |
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| Nazi plan to genocidically kill entire European Jewish population during WWII. |
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| "Work Shall Make you Free." Nazis forced Jews to work for them in camps. |
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| Small village in Poland where the non-Jews massacred nearly all of the Jews during WWII. Nazi-influenced. |
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| 1943 meeting between Stalin, Roosevelt, and Churchill. Agreed that US and Britain would send troops to Western front in Spring 1944. |
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| an area or region over which an organization or state exerts some kind of indirect cultural, economic, military or political power. |
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| Feb 1945 meeting of Stalin, Roosevelt, and Churchill to set post-war policies of Europe and partition it into spheres of influence. (Poland screwed) |
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| 1945 (postwar) conference between Truman, Stalin, and Churchill. Mainly made official the policies discussed and planned at Yalta. |
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| March 1947, Truman addressed Congress stating the US would aid at assisting governments in resisting Communism. |
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| 1947 US plan to help rebuild European countries devastated by WWII by giving them billions of dollars |
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| The common name for "Information Bureau of the Communist and Workers' Parties". |
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| Russian Communist revolutionary leader of the Bolshevik Party. He was also the first Premier of the Soviet Union. Described as an "impatient-Marxist", he pushed for a global Proletariat revolution over the Bourgeois. He died of a stroke in 1924. |
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| Russian Communist revolutionary of the Bolshevik party. Founder and Commander of the Red Army and Commissar of War. Expelled from Party in 1920's during power struggle with Stalin. Murdered in Mexico with an ice pick by an assissin hired by Stalin. |
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| usually Marxist political party that views itself as the Leading or Top Communist Party |
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| Leninist idea. States arguments and issues can be discussed. But once the Party has made a decision, that decision must be followed by everyone. |
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| "Socialism in one country" |
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| Stalin's idea stating that although the Communist revolution wasn't a global revolution, it would still work in ONE nation (USSR). |
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| Trotsky's idea that the revolution wouldn't be completely "operational" until the entire world succumbed to it. (All or nothing) |
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| In Soviet Union, it was the act of EVERYONE watching out for threats to the Party. |
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| Marxism according to Leon Trotsky. Stressed the need for international Permanent Revolution. Considered on the Left of Marxist "scale". Opposed both Stalinism AND Capitalism. |
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| Political ideology used to describe schism between USSR and Socialist Yugoslavia. Josip Tito refused to take further dictates from Soviet Union. |
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| leftist Democrat woman in Czechoslovakia that opposed Communists and the Nazis. Arrested in 1948, and forced to admit to crimes she didn't commit by Soviets. Wrongfully executed. |
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| Czech Communist politician and the party's General Secretary after the World War II. He was arrested by the Party in 1951 under false charges. He was hanged in 1952 and creamated. |
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| Wrote "Darkness at Noon". Exposed purges of Stalin's regime. Stated that the Party devours its young and that people allowed themselves to be sacrifced for the Party b/c the Party COULD NOT be wrong. |
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| Describes the migration of the Germanic people throughout Europe. |
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