Term
Measles
Prodrome?
Rash?
Dx?
Tx?
Complication? |
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Definition
Paramyxovirus
Prodrome - malaise, high fever, cough, coryza, conjunctivitis
Rash - erythematous, maculopapular rash starts on head and spreads to body
(Other - Koplik's spots precede rash by 2-3 days, red spots with central white/gray specks on buccal mucosa)
Dx: can be confirmed by serology
Tx: Vitamin A
Complications: subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSE) |
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Term
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Definition
Togavirus
No prodrome
erythematous, maculopapular rash with generalized lymphadenopathy
- transient polyarthralgia and polyarthritis are common
- complications include thrombocytopenia and encephalitis |
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Term
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Definition
HHV-6
Begins with HIGH fever
- 3-4 days later, get maculopapular rash that begins on trunk
- initial leukocytosis but more often later leukopenia/neutropenia |
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Term
| Erythema infectiousum (5th dz) |
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Definition
parvovirus B19
- no prodrome, low/absent fever
- "slapped cheek" initially, spreads to trunk and proximal extremities
- complications are arthritis, hemolytic anemia, encephalopathy
- during infancy, assoc. with fetal hydrops |
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Term
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Definition
Coxsackie A
- prodrome of fever, anorexia, and oral pain
- ulcers on tongue and oral mucosa
- rash on hands, feet, and buttocks |
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Term
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Definition
prodrome: mild fever, malaise, "morbilliform" rash
Rash: red papules that develop to clear vesicles 1-2mm in diameter
- vesicles become cloudy, break open, and scab over
- usually several stages present at the same time in "crops"
- infectious until all lesions are crusted (~1 week after rash starts)
Dx: Tzanck prep for multinucleated giant cells
Complications: disseminated dz (CNS, liver, lungs) in immunocompromised
Tx: bathing in lukewarm water reduces secondary bac. infections (per blueprints)
- acyclovir in immunocompromised |
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Term
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Definition
follows dermatomal distribution
- vesicular eruption confined to dermatome, clears in 1-2 weeks
- uncommon in those under 10 |
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Term
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Definition
Most common GAS / S. aureus, skin flora
- used to be HiB by hematogenous spread prior to vax
- can get hematogenous s. pneumo to face; commonly periorbital
- orbital cellulitis risk factor is bacterial sinusitis |
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Term
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Definition
Comedones - whiteheads
Open comedones - blackheads
Pustules, papules - like they sounds
Nodules = cysts |
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Term
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Definition
male gender, puberty, Cushing's syndrome, PCOS
Anything that increases circulating androgens
Drugs - lithium, isoniazid, B12 supplementation |
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Term
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Definition
Mild (comedones) - benzoyl peroxide +/- topical abx
Moderate (comedones + pustules/papules) - benzoyl peroxide + topical tretinoin +/- topical/oral abx
Severe (inflammatory papules, cysts, abscesses, scarring) - all topical therapy plus oral retinoic acid
- watch for teratogenicity!!! |
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Term
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Definition
hyperproliferation of epidermis
Accelerated epidermal turnover
At sites of trauma (mechanical/thermal) = Kobner phenomenon
HLA C6
Rash = erythematous plaques with sharply demarcated border and silvery plaque
- pull up plaque and it bleeds in pinpoints = Auspitz's sign
- symmetric
- nails with onycholysis and subungual debris |
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Term
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Definition
Keep skin hydrated
UBC light can be adjunct
Can use topical steroid for flare |
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