Term
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Definition
Ribs- horizontal angle, shoulders elevated, round, mainly carilaginous
(ratio of ribspace to pelvis is greater than in adults)
- Chest shape: cylindrical, A?P diameter = transverse diameter
- Breathing Pattern: obligatory nose breather, obligatory belly breather (only diaphragm, no chest movement)
- 30-40 bpm
- sustained synchronous breathing at rest with periods of asynchrony and apnea with effort or crying (sound formation paired with expirations) |
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Term
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Definition
| Ribs- similar to newborn, increasing cervical and upper thoracic extension |
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Term
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Definition
Ribs- start to angle downward, rib cage starts to descend
Chest Shape- anterior rib cage flattens
Breathing Pattern- NO LONGER A NOSE BREATHER, belly breather, asynchronous breathing with effort
Produces varying cries for different needs, cries less, vocalizes more and longer |
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Term
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Definition
Ribs- continuation of changes at 4-5 months, increased use of abs and back extensor muscles adds stability to the ribs, more time in upright = gravity pull, upper anterior rib cage flatter
Breathing Pattern- belly breather, coordinates breathing better with movement and such |
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Term
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Definition
Ribs- continue to change orientation, may see beginning of anterior and lateral rib cage expansion
Breathing Pattern- more effective diaphragm contraction during inhalation as abs strengthen, more stability to rib cage and support for abdominal contents allows INTERCOSTAL function, coordination of breathing with activity |
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Term
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Definition
Breathing Pattern- Belly breathing, with crying the obliques stabilize the rib cage and allow thoracic expansion, INTERCOSTALS elongate and are more active
RR decreasing to 12 |
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Term
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Definition
1. decreased thoracic extension
2. back breathing, lateral breathing, belly breathing
3. decreased or short vocalizations
4. ribcage flaring
5. prominent rectus abdominus |
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