Term
SUPINE: 1 month (5)
(neck, UE, LE, mvmt) |
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Definition
* Physiological flexion: gravity pulls them in to extension
* Neck: rotated with hand nuzzeling
* UE: retracted (gravity)
* LE: Hips fully flexed, ABD, ER; knees fully flexed; fully DF
* Movements: kick, variable random movements |
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Term
SUPINE: 2 month (4)
(neck, UE, LE) |
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Definition
(hard self-soothing month)
* Asymmetry; ATNR
* Neck: Rarely at midline because of ATNR
* UE: regard for hands; gross swiping movements; hand to mouth to calm sometimes but not very well because of the ATNR
* LE: frog legged still |
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Term
SUPINE: 3 month (4)
(neck, UE, LE) |
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Definition
* Shift to symmetry
* Neck: midline
* UE: symmetrical; hands on chest; cannot reach up against gravity
* LE: begin foot to foot play; frog legged with bottoms of feet together |
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Term
SUPINE: 4 month (3)
(neck, UE, LE) |
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Definition
* Neck: midline and chin tuck (* get chin tuck supine before they get it in prone)
* UE: can reach above chest
* LE: increasing antigravity control; pull knees up and up in the air (still on floor in 3 months) |
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Term
SUPINE: 5 month (4)
(UE, LE, mvmt) |
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Definition
* Not mirroring as much with UE and LE together
* UE: bilateral reaching
* LE:
* Movements: Happy Baby (grab feet with hands; good abd control; stretching HS) |
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Term
SUPINE: 6 month (5)
(UE, LE, trunk, rolling) |
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Definition
* UE: Increased dissociation; transfer toys hand to hand
* Trunk: dissociate LE from trunk without flipping over to side
* LE: reciprocal kicking
* Rolling: segmental
* *back to belly rolling |
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Term
SUPINE: 7+ month (4)
(neck, mvmt) |
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Definition
* NOT HAPPY!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! (If they are happy supine it’s a RED FLAG)
* Only in supine for sleeping
* Neck: antigravity flexion
* Movement: quickly roll and transition into quadruped |
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Term
PRONE: 1 month (6)
(neck, UE, LE, mvmt, WS) |
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Definition
* Physiological flexion
* Neck: usually turned to the side
* UE: hand nuzzled by the mouth, shoulders protracted, elbows behind shoulders
* LE: hips fully flexed, slight ABD, External rotation; knees fully flexed; ankles DF fully
* Movement: random and not purposeful
* Weight shift: backwards (*Posterior WS comes first) |
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Term
PRONE: 2 months (6)
(neck, UE, LE, mvmt, reflex) |
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Definition
* Asymmetry
* Neck: Extends 45ᵒ, *always with rotation. Cannot hold midline.
* UE: Forward but elbows behind shoulders. Shoulders don’t touch the ground.
* LE: hips fully flexed, slight ABD, External rotation
* Movement: shoulder protraction to retraction to get C-spine extended
* Asymmetrical Tonic Neck Reflex |
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Term
PRONE: 3 months (6)
(neck, UE, LE, WS) |
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Definition
* Symmetry
* Neck: Extends 90ᵒ from horizontal
* UE: Elbows in line with shoulders. Hand opening and closing (scratching surface)
* LE: Flat pelvis, frog leg position (ABD, ER, FLEX)
* Gravity mostly acting on pelvis
* *WS backwards |
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Term
PRONE: 4 months (5)
(neck, UE, LE, WS) |
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Definition
* Strong Symmetry
* Neck: Extends 90ᵒ, full rotation 110ᵒ bilaterally; dissociates from trunk
* UE: on forearm to manipulate toys
* LE: slightly frog leg position (ABD, ER, FLEX), In and out of extension
* Weight Shift: laterally to SAME side they want to reach to |
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Term
PRONE: 5 months (7)
(neck, UE, LE, WS) |
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Definition
* Neck: Extends 90ᵒ, chin tuck (can look down at toys)
* UE: extension with open hands
* LE: increased dissociation, reciprocal kicking
* Weight Shift: laterally for UE reaching; other arm collapses
* Swimming: UE and LE off ground at the same time
* Reaching: elbows in front of shoulders; shows great dissociation so they don’t flip over
* *weight shift to L, R leg flexes and abducts, L leg extends. |
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Term
PRONE: 6 months(4)
(neck, UE, LE, mvmt) |
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Definition
* Neck: Full control with all movements *is first part of body to get full control
* UE: extension with mature weight shift, no collapsing
* LE: increased dissociation, reciprocal kicking (same as month 5)
* Movement: pivoting via several weight shifts |
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Term
PRONE: 7 months (5)
(UE, LE, transitions, mvmt) |
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Definition
* UE: full movement; can reach in all directions
* LE: begin to bear weight through knees in quadruped
* Transitions: prone to quadruped to sit
* Movement: creeping (crawling) |
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Term
PRONE: 8+ months (4)
(transitions, ) |
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Definition
* Transitions: in and out of side sitting (Ring Sit: IR one leg, ER the other)
* Plantigrade: can creep this way too instead of on knees; weight shift back and stand up
* Creeping: |
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Term
SITTING: 1 month (6)
(neck, trunk, LE, pelvis, PTS) |
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Definition
* Supported
* Neck: head bobbing
* Trunk: rounded
* LE: frog leg; ER, ABD, FLEX
* Pelvis: perpendicular to the floor (pull diaper and see gluteal cleft), do not want posterior pelvic tilt
* Pull to sit (PTS): therapist cups scapula and pulls baby up |
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Term
SITTING: 2 months (4)
(neck, trunk, PTS) |
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Definition
* Supported
* Neck: slight control of extension
* Trunk: very rounded
* Pull to sit (PTS): head lags |
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Term
SITTING: 3 months (4)
(neck, trunk, PTS) |
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Definition
* Supported
* Neck: more sturdy
* Trunk: seated; shoulders are in front of hips, scapula add and ext (try to keep head up)
* Pull to sit (PTS): NO head lag at end of movement; can right head |
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Term
SITTING: 4 month (4)
(neck, trunk, PTS) |
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Definition
* Less Support
* Neck: good control of flexion and extension, no bobbing
* Trunk: upright
* Pull to sit (PTS): NO head lag |
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Term
SITTING: 5 month (2+)
(PTS, ) |
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Definition
* Prop sitting: help from UE on floor or a toy or foot
* Pull to sit (PTS):
o Neck: chin tuck and anticipation
o UE: flexion and pull actively
o Trunk: active flexion
o LE: Flex, ABD, ER
(* PTS is not transitional or functional) |
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Term
SITTING: 6 month (4)
(posture, UE, PTS) |
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Definition
* Independent upright sitting
* Ring sitting
* UE free to play
> o High guard: for balance; scapulas elevate and abduct
* Pull to sit (PTS): Full, no head lag, full anticipation |
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Term
SITTING: 7 month (4)
(UE, trunk, transitions) |
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Definition
* Steady with all trunk and UE motions
* UE: no high guard
* Trunk: rotation, weight shift through trunk
* Transitions: sit Þ side sit Þ quadruped Þside sit Þ ring sit |
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Term
SITTING: 8 month (4)
(transitions, reflexes) |
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Definition
* Stable and upright (spine = adult curves)
* Transitions: ring to side to quad
* Equilibrium Reactions: keep body in midline, maintains balance c perturbation
* Protective Extension: **lateral** |
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Term
SITTING: 9 month (4)
(positions, transitions) |
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Definition
* Positions: half-ring, side sit, long sit, tall kneel
* W-sit: should only use occasionally
* Transitions: easy, seamless; no hesitation
* Fine motor skills: starting c manips |
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Term
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Definition
* All righting/equilibrium rxns present
* Lots of time in/out of sitting (grab toy >> relocate) |
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Term
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Definition
* Non-segmental log rolling
* Neonatal Neck righting reaction: roll head to Right, entire body rolls to side lying |
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Term
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Definition
* Progressing towards segmental rolling
* Supine to Prone:
> o Supine to sidelying: happy baby, drop legs to side, whole body follows
> o Sidelying to Prone: Head righting reaction ***Key to do this |
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Term
| ROLLING: 6 months: sup >> sidelying (4) |
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Definition
o Initiated with FLEXION
o Neck: toy to side so they look at it
o UE: get it out of reach so they have to reach with opposite hand across body
o LE: flex hip and move it across body with hip ADD |
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Term
| ROLLING: 6 months: sidelying >> prone (4) |
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Definition
o Neck: rotation extension, lateral flexion
o Trunk: lateral flexion then extension
o UE: reach with flexion then weight shift to free arm
o LE: top leg flexes, abd then add, bottom leg extends |
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Term
STANDING: 1 month (6)
(support, neck, LE, reflexes) |
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Definition
* Supported at trunk
* Neck: head bobbing
* LE: may co-contract OR physiological flex
* Automatic stepping reflex
* PSR
* Physiological flex (but incr ext in this position) |
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Term
STANDING: 2 month (4)
(support, trunk, reflexes) |
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Definition
* Supported at TRUNK
* Trunk: shoulders ant to pelvis
* Astasia: loss of PSR
* Abasia: loss of automatic stepping reflex |
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Term
STANDING: 3 month (4)
(support, LE, UE, reflex) |
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Definition
* Supported at trunk
* LE: frog leg; some WB
* UE: high guard
* Plantar grasp reflex |
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Term
STANDING: 4 month (3)
(support, LE, WB, reflex) |
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Definition
* Supported at UE
* LE: WB
* Downward protective ext (LE only) |
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Term
STANDING: 5 month (3)
(support, LE, WB) |
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Definition
* Supported at UE
* LE: hips in line c shoulders
* Full WB |
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Term
STANDING: 6 month (2)
(support, LE) |
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Definition
* Supported at UE
* LE: bouncing (mid-range, large amplitude) |
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Term
STANDING: 7 month (3)
(PTS, WS) |
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Definition
* PTS using UE at couch/bench (uses UE>LE; no half kneel)
* WS: very poor
* Poor eccentric use of quads (difficulty lowering from stand) |
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Term
STANDING: 8 month (5)
(PTS, LE, trunk) |
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Definition
* PTS: via half-kneel (incr dissociation and WS)
* Emerging cruising
* Steppage gait
* LE: wide BOS; some hip & knee flex
* Trunk: good rotation IF standing still; should not need to lean trunk on toy |
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Term
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Definition
* Cruises on furniture
* Controlled lowering |
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Term
STANDING: 10 month (5)
(Gait, mvmt) |
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Definition
* Full ecc use of quads
* Amb c HHA (handheld assist)
* Leans belly on table/bench to reach c 1 UE
* Up/down on toes
* **Squatting in play |
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Term
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Definition
* Half-kneeling up/down c one hand
* Stand alone momentarily
* Cruising: between surfaces
* Transition: indep to stand |
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Term
STANDING: 12 month (5)
(amb, UE, gait) |
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Definition
* Indep amb (9-15m)
* UE: high guard
* IC = foot flat
* Waddling
* Quick leg mvmts >> frequent falls |
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Term
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Definition
* No new prone, supine, sitting skills learned
* Variability of GMS |
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Term
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Definition
* Tall kneel
* Stand s support
* Stoops for objects while holding on for support
* Creeps upstairs
* Amb: stops, starts, turns |
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Term
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Definition
* Walks up stairs non-reciprocally c HHA/railing
* Heel-toe gait, low guard
* Runs stiffly (high guard, foot flat)
* Stands on one foot c help
* Manages ride on toy
* Carries large toy while walking |
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