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Disease and Infection
Chapter 5
115
Medical
Not Applicable
01/23/2011

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Term
Neoplasm
Definition
New Growth. Refers to cancers and tumors.
Term
Psychiatric Disorders
Definition
Mental disorders
Term
Predisposing causes
Definition
Factors that lead into the production of a Disease.
Term
Age
Definition
Predisposing factor
Term
Sex
Definition
Predisposing Factor
Term
Heredity
Definition
Predisposing Factor
Term
Living conditions and Habits
Definition
Predisposing factors
Term
Emotional Disturbances
Definition
Predisposing factor
Term
Physical Chemical damage
Definition
Predisposing Factor.
Term
Preexsisting Illness
Definition
Predisposing Factor
Term
Pathophysiology
Definition
The combination of the study of Pathologic and Physiologic aspects of a disorder.
Term
Etiology
Definition
The study of the cause of any disease or the theory of it's origin.
Term
Incidence
Definition
Study of a disease and its tendency to affect a cetain group as to another group. Men to Women...
Term
Acute
Definition
Severe but last short period of time.
Term
Chronic
Definition
Less severe but last longer
Term
Subacute
Definition
Intermediate between acute and Chronic.
Term
Idiopathic
Definition
A disease without known cause.
Term
Communicable
Definition
Disease which can be transmitted from one to another.
Term
Epidemic
Definition
Many people in one area aquire a disease at the same time.
Term
Endemic
Definition
Found to a lesser extent but specific to a certain area.
Term
Pandemic
Definition
A disease that is prevalent throughout an entire country or continent, or the whole world.
Term
Diagnosis
Definition
Nature of the Illness.
Term
Symptoms
Definition
Conditions of the disease noted by the patient
Term
Signs
Definition
Physical evidence of symptoms
Term
Syndrom
Definition
A Charcteristic group of symptoms and signs accompanies each disease.
Term
Prognosis
Definition
Prediction of the possible outcome of the disease.
Term
Therapy
Definition
Course of treatment
Term
Prevention
Definition
To prevent disease before it actually happens.
Term
Microorganisms
Definition
Anything having life. Mico - Naked to the human eye.
Term
Host
Definition
living organism
Term
Parasite
Definition
Feeds on a living host
Term
Pathogenic
Definition
Disease producing Microorganisms
Term
Pathogen
Definition
Any disease causing organism
Term
If the Body is invaded by pathogens with adverse affects this is called?
Definition
Infection
Term
Local
Definition
Infection which only affects a relatively small part of the body.
Term
Systemic
Definition
Infection which affects the entire body
Term
Opputunisistic infection
Definition
An infection that takes hold because the host has been weakened by disease.
Term
Vector
Definition
An insect or animal that transmits a disease-causing organism from one host to another host.
Term
Microbiology
Definition
The study of Microscopic organisms
Term
Bacteriology
Definition
Study of bacteria
Term
Mycology
Definition
Study of Fungi
Term
Virology
Definition
Study of Viruses
Term
Protozoology
Definition
Study of Protozoa
Term
Normal Flora
Definition
Microorganisms that grow within our bodies. Crowd out and prevent the growth of other harmful varieties and organisms.
Term
Anaerobic
Definition
Can Grow in absence of Oxygen
Term
aerobic
Definition
Requires Oxygen
Term
Flagella
Definition
Thread like appendages bacteria use to swim rapidly.
Term
Rod Shaped Cells- Bacilli
Definition
Straight and slender cells. Some are cigar shaped, with tapering ends.
Term
Spherical cells - cocci
Definition
Round cells and are seen in characteristic arrangements.
Term
Diplococci
Definition
Cells that are in pairs.
Term
Steptcocci
Definition
Cells aranged in a chain like beads.
Term
Staphylococci
Definition
Large cluster of cells. Like Grapes.
Term
Vibrio
Definition
One type of Bacteria which has only a slight curvature like a comma
Term
sprillum
Definition
Bacteria which resembles a corkscrew.
Term
Spirochetes
Definition
Bacteria capable of waving and twisting motion. Causes Syphilis.
Term
Rickettsia and Chlamydia are considered what?
Definition
Classified as Bacteria
Term
Fungi
Definition
Large groups of simple plantlike organisms. Most complicated to kill.
Term
Single cell forms of Fungi are referred to as?
Definition
Yeasts.
Term
The fuzzy, Fliamentous forms are called?
Definition
Molds
Term
Mycotic
Definition
Diseases caused by fungi.
Term
Viruses
Definition
Smallest known infectious agent. Fundamental properties of living matter, but are not cellular, and have no enzyme system.
Term
Protozoa
Definition
Animal-like. found in water and in ground.
Term
4 types of protozoa
Definition
Amebas Ciliates flagellates and Sporozoa.
Term
Helminths
Definition
Parasitic Worms
Term
Helminthology
Definition
Study of parisitic Worms
Term
Infestation
Definition
Presence of parisitic Worms in the body.
Term
Ascaris
Definition
Intenstinal Roundworm generally found in children of the rural south.
Term
Hookworm
Definition
Parasites that live in the small intestines.
Term
Trichina
Definition
Found mainly in pork. Roundworms that can be found in the legs of rats, pigs and Animals.
Term
Trichinosis
Definition
The disease in which the roundworm encases itself in the hosts muscle.
Term
Filariasis
Definition
Tiny thread like worms that cause Body Disturbances.
Term
Elephantiasis
Definition
When Filariasis clog the lymphatic vessels and lower extemities increase rapidly in size.
Term
Asepsis
Definition
No pathogens are present.
Term
Aseptic Methods
Definition
Procedures that are designed to kill remove or prevent the growth of Microbes. Sterlize, Disinfect,and Antisepsis.
Term
Sterilization
Definition
To kill every living microorganism on an object.
Term
Disinfection
Definition
Any measure that kills all pathogens (except Spores) but does not kill all harmless microbes
Term
Terms for bacteria killing agents
Definition
Bactericide and germicide.
Term
Bacteriostasis
Definition
Pathogens are not necessarily killed but are not able to multiply.
Term
Antiseptics
Definition
Less powerfull than disinfectants and are safe to use on living tissue.
Term
Needles are never what?
Definition
re-used.
Term
chemotherapy
Definition
Treatment of disease by the administration of a Chemical agent.
Term
Antibiotic
Definition
Chemical Substance which has the power to kill or arrest the growth of a pathogenic Microorganism.
Term
Nosocomial
Definition
Hospital aquired disease.
Term
Antineoplastic agents
Definition
Groups of chemotheraputic drugs to treat cancers.
Term
Gram Stain
Definition
Mostly commonly used staining procedure
Term
Acid-Fast Stain
Definition
Used to determine TB and Leprosy.
Term
Media
Definition
Nutrient broth or Agar. Used as food for growing bacteria in labs.
Term
Anatomy
Definition
Scientific term for the study of body structure.
Term
Physiology
Definition
The study of how the body functions
Term
Disease
Definition
Upsets the normal structure and function of the body.
Term
Pathology
Definition
Study of disease
Term
Cells
Definition
Complex chemical Substances
Term
Tissues
Definition
Groups of Cells
Term
Organs
Definition
Groups of Tissues
Term
Systems
Definition
Groups of Organs
Term
Skeletal System
Definition
Framework of the body. Bones and Tissue make up the skeleton.
Term
Muscular System
Definition
Enables Body movement.
Term
Circulatory System
Definition
Heart and Blood Vessels. Blood to all tissues to bring oxygen then away carrying waste.
Term
Digestive System
Definition
Organs to do with converting food into something the body can use.
Term
Respiratory System
Definition
Breathing, Study of lungs and passage way leading to them.
Term
Integumentary system
Definition
Skin and its apendages. Hair, Nail, Sweat and Oil glands.
Term
Urinary system
Definition
Excretes urine. Kidney, Bladder. Purpose to rid body of waste.
Term
Nervous system
Definition
Brain and spinal cord. Controls and coordinates other parts of body.
Term
Endocrine system
Definition
Glands that secrete horomones. Hormones regulate body systems.
Term
catabolism
Definition
complex substances and nutrients are broken down into simpler compounds and release energy
Term
Anabolism
Definition
Simple compounds are used to manufacture complex materials repair tissue.
Term
2 types of fluids are?
Definition
Intracellular and extracellular
Term
Homeostasis
Definition
Body is in balance and free of disease and infection.
Term
Chemistry
Definition
The science that deals with the composition of matter.
Term
Matter
Definition
Chemicals.
Term
Atoms
Definition
Small particles that form the building blocks of matter.
Term
Molecule
Definition
When 2 or more atoms unite.
Term
Secretion
Definition
Certain organs secrete substances.
Term
Excretion
Definition
Body Excretes urine.
Term
Ion
Definition
Atom +/- charge.
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