Term
| Can oppressed people be racist? (pg. 40) (may be short answer) |
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Definition
| Racism is a structural issue and only those with the political and economic power to oppress others can be racist. So while people from any ethnoracial group can be prejudicial or biased or practice discrimination, only those with the resources to oppress other groups systemically and structurally can be racist. |
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Term
| Social Construction of Whiteness (pg. 41) |
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Definition
| Whiteness is an unread status in a society that claims to be a meritocracy, in which people advance based on talent, intellect, and achievement. Judges defined whiteness based on prejudices of the time as the absence of blackness, an opposition that marked a boundary between those with privilege and those without. |
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Term
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Definition
| An ethnic group is composed of people who share a sense of attachment on the basis of cultural criteria and a shared history. |
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Term
| Ethnoracial Identity (Pg 43) |
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Definition
| Ethnoracial identity is when one moves beyond categories such as black or white to look at the values, beliefs, attitudes, activities, behaviors, and practices that affect people's daily lives and community identification. This can provide a more accurate understanding of an individual, family, or community. It will also learn different aspects of their culture, illness, and health roles of authority. |
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Term
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Definition
| Miscegenation is the prohibition of interracial marriages. |
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Term
| Asians as Model Minority (Pg. 46) (may be short answer) |
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Definition
Harper-Dorton states that model minority portrays Asian Americans as having succeeded through hard work and merit but it is superficial compliment said to obscure racial discrimination on both public and private life. Placing emphasis on work and self-sufficiency, labels such as “model minority” really serve to hide oppression and social injustices.
Sisneros says that since the mid-1960’s Asian Americans have been viewed by much of society as the model community of color. This belief has been damaging. Tong makes an argument that because of the belief, the hardships that have been experienced by Asian families and communities are ignored. |
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Term
| Immigration Issues (Pg. 49) |
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Definition
| Together immigrants make up on fifth of the U.S population. In 2002 almost 23% of children born in the U.S had a mother who was born outside the U.S. it was the largest percent since the early 1900’s. Today, many of these mothers are Latina, who account for 59 % of immigrant births. Close to 10 percent of U.S born children have mothers who were born in Mexico. This was the second greatest wave of immigration the U.S. Since the 1980’s more than 85% of the immigrants admitted to the U.S. have come from the Americas and Asia, while 10% have come from Europe. As they join social groups that have historically been targets of racism and ethnicism, their reception is negatively affected the 5 mechanisms of oppression.Immigration issues include a large number of Latino/Latina immigrants and the proximity of their home countries |
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Term
| Why is it considered offensive to use the term illegal to refer to undocumented immigrants? (Pg. 50) (possible short answer) |
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Definition
| The word "illegal" has been challenged because framing undocumented workers as illegal makes them, by definition, criminal. Many Latinos/Latinas are offended because they only "want the same thing all Americans do," which is adequate food, shelter, and clothing. They would rather be called undocumented worker or, at the very least, unauthorized immigrants. |
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Term
| Three major waves of feminism and characteristics of each (p. 62) |
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Definition
Early feminism
First wave
Characterized by anti-male bias and excluded not only males as allies but also many women of color and women in poverty who had to choose between feminism and their own communities
Liberal feminism
Second wave
Was based on the sociopolitical concerns of middle class heterosexual white women
Radical feminism
Third wave
Regards patriarchy as the system of oppression that subordinates women, and it seeks to overthrow that system
Views societal institutions such as family, heterosexuality, and prostitution as vehicles of patriarchal society and believe that all these institutions must be abolished |
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Term
| Terms and definitions: sexism, misogyny, patriarchy |
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Definition
Sexism-the preferential treatment of males over females
Misogyny-the hatred of females and femininity
Patriarchy-serves to keep white men in dominant and privileged positions; oppression is maintained through the manipulation of individual identity as well as structural social, economic, and political systems |
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Term
| How/why is homophobia related to sexism? (p.65) (possible short answer) |
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Definition
| Homophobia is a product of sexism. Homophobia is related to sexism because people think that heterosexuals are the dominant sexual orientation. One reason is the fear many people will have that they are not heterosexual and by neglecting the subject of homophobia allows heterosexuals to maintain their privilege. |
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Term
| Issues encountered by white SW in working with African American clients (p. 83-84) |
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Definition
| Some of the issues African American clients encounter are the denial of racial differences existing, and white service providers do not relate to the depth and intensity of pain caused by racism. Whites do not connect with the African Americans experience and cannot empathize with oppression, hatred, violence, poverty, or unemployment experienced by African Americans and their families. |
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Term
| Oppressions that contribute to disproportionate poverty among African Americans (p. 84-85) |
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Definition
| Marginalization by race, gender, and class places African American and other minority members of color in jeopardy of continuing poverty and oppression. African American citizens experience greater unemployment than any other population group in the US. Prejudice and discrimination often exclude young black men from employment, hampering inner-city growth and resource development. |
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Term
| Role flexibility in the African American family (role of extended family) and the function it serves. (strengths perspective) (p. 86-87) |
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Definition
| Children help rear their younger siblings and may help to take care of aging grandparents. Mothers and fathers both take responsibility for work and child care. All members of the family help members of the extended family. Necessary for success in the face of racism, unemployment, and poverty. |
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Term
| Recognizing strengths of African American community and clients; ways that white workers sometimes miss it; ways that white workers can build effective helping skills (p. 91-93) |
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Definition
| Prejudice can help the worker to overlook strengths in the client’s social network, extended family, and community. Many SW can underasssess environmental strengths because they focus strictly on internal reflection and exclude social action and network intervention. Effective cross-cultural practitioners do not minimize their own potential for racist attitudes and beliefs and consistently use the process of looking for strengths during assessment as a way to minimize the potential for stereotyping and misunderstanding. White workers have the potential to give in to biases or stereotypes either consciously or unconsciously, but the worker must remember that there are many different lifestyles, family structures, and values within the African American community and make a sincere effort to empathically understand and accept these different lifestyles and community support systems. Helping relationships can be built by recognizing differences as well as genuine caring and respect for human sameness in our multicultural society are strengths. |
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Term
| Definition/common symptoms of PTSD (p. 59) |
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Definition
| Post Traumatic Stress Disorder- Experiencing post-traumatic stress in response to initial trauma, even from trauma that occurred years before. Can cause symptoms of depression, sleeplessness, flashbacks, shame, fear, guilt, low self-esteem, somatic complaints, and rage. Trauma that is expressed as rage and anger brings frightening experiences to awareness. Can result from war, abuse, severe and sudden injury, or any other terrorizing and traumatizing intrusion. |
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Term
| Symptoms of secondary trauma- how are they similar to symptoms of primary trauma? (p. 60) |
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Definition
| The result of experiences in which people observe acts of terror, assist the injured, see death and misery, encounter extreme suffering, and witness inhumane acts of violence. Can be referred to as “vicarious trauma” or “compassion trauma”. Can result in flashbacks, hyperarousal, vigilance and other symptoms similar to those caused by primary trauma. Secondary trauma can look like primary trauma T or F, Secondary trauma is also known as vicarious trauma T or F |
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Term
| Defense mechanism- what they are, how they’re used (p. 61) |
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Definition
| Some of the defense mechanisms used are avoidance, repression, denial, and anger reduce the danger of experiencing trauma pain that could be too great to bear. They are used to protect the self. Repressed memories of trauma and terror can be pulled into the unconscious; from the existential point of view, helping traumatized clients to remember experiences of trauma and terror can be a way of helping them to recover thoughts that have been embedded in unconscious memories. |
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Term
| Existential approach to cross-cultural social work with traumatized clients (p. 65) |
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Definition
| It is a lengthy process. The process of helping begins with establishing the worker-client relationship and structuring intervention through the existential elements of holding the trauma experience, telling and recovering meaning in trauma and terror, mastering trauma pain and discovering meaning potentials , and honoring and terminating. Developing trust and commitment is a critical part of the helping environment. |
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Term
| Variables that affect how trauma is experienced (p. 69) |
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Definition
| The full extent of trauma symptoms and trauma services needed are unknown at this time. Cultural values, religion, gender, and age are a few of the variables that affect how experiences of terror and trauma are perceived and how they are managed over a lifetime. |
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Term
| What is the process of Ethnic Reorganization |
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Definition
| Occurs when an ethnic minority undergoes a reorganization of its social structure, redefinition of ethnic group boundaries, or some other change in response to pressures or demands imposed by the dominant culture. In the process, the minority group protects its ethnicity but makes social structure and boundary changes. |
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Term
| Native American historical trauma—implications for practice |
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Definition
| Deep intergenerational trauma for the tribe and the community not just on an individual basis. It affects all realms of a person—emotional, physical, social, economic, cognitive, political, and spiritual. Contributes to problems of depression, suicide, substance abuse, and social problems associated with poverty and low self-efficacy. SW intervention requires sensitive attention be paid to past experiences of the client and the client’s family, group, or community. Asking about what historical event’s that have been part of a client’s own experiences or the experiences of his or her extended family reflects cultural competence and respect for the client’s worldview |
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Term
Cross Cultural consideration for practice with Native Americans
Trust, Family/extended family, Time, Religion |
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Definition
Trust- Deep mistrust of the “helping” services in the past that aided to the legacy of loss and displacement. Take time for grief work over historical losses is often a place to begin building trust. Direct questioning is seen as interrogative. Being patient, respecting silence, avoiding linear questioning; and appreciate native values such as sharing, harmony with nature, and supernatural explanations of natural and human experiences are all necessary. Openness, some limited storytelling, and sharing of self are means of building trust and open communication. A firm handshake in NA culture is seen as disrespectful and aggressive
Family/extended family Traditionally value living in an extended family network or tribal arrangements, where concern for each individual is a concern for all. Deep regard for elders. Elders are meant to be cared for when they get older. Large poverty for grandparent heads of households who are also taking care of younger generations. Much of the responsibility falls on the elderly women who are responsible for providing food and clothing. Gender roles are different. Males are often unemployed. Women are breadwinners and assume more community roles. Elderly men have poor defined roles. Elderly men help take care of the grandchildren. Children are valued members of the tribe and participate in tribal gatherings and celebrations. NA believe children are born with the power and ability to make important decisions. Utilize noncoercive parenting style that encourage children’s self determination. Could be misunderstood as neglect.
Time More natural and approximate and fits into flow of daily living. NA have a special view of time and believe that events take place at both a time and location. Social workers should know that when giving a NA client an appointment for a specific time, that when the client returns, the SW should not be surprised if the client feels that the time is not right. It will be a slower process to get to know the NA client better than traditional “fast pace” immediate diagnosis, intervention plan, and rapid intervention.
Religion No single ethnicity or common religion. Most believe in a supreme force and feel a deep reverence for nature. Many believe that emotional problems are caused by spiritual forces or disharmony in nature. Religion is in all aspects of daily life. Acceptance of things as they are, belief in noninterference, and respect for nature are all elements of most NA systems of religious beliefs. |
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Term
| Concept of noninterference/how it may be misunderstood by non-NA SW |
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Definition
| NA Utilize noncoercive parenting style that encourage children’s self determination. Human service providers don’t understand the value of noninterference. Unencumbered by expectations about development timing, these parenting styles may be misunderstood as neglect. |
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Term
| Role of religion- emotional problems caused by spiritual forces or disharmony in nature |
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Definition
| Harmony and with nature and the use of spiritual healers and shamans are characteristics of native beliefs. Ceremonies and rituals are frequently led by shamans with the purpose of maintaining balance among all forms of life and things. View natural and supernatural worlds as important in life’s balance and relationships. |
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Term
| Anomic depression and the NA client |
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Definition
| Symptoms include social withdrawal, a high rate of suicide or accidental death, and substance abuse. Painful and abrupt losses, relocations, and disruption cause societal or tribal rules to become disengaged and ineffective, thus placing people in states of confusion meaninglessness. Anomic depression may be a direct result of policy of direct or indirect genocide. |
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Term
| Discuss how history of NA may impact (or complicate) SW with this population – and ways that workers can overcome these obstacles to work effectively with clients (possible short answer) |
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Definition
| NA people have survived loss of land and resources and deliberate attempts by the dominant culture to disrupt their language. There are so many different types of Native American tribes and they all have different beliefs. Many Native People seek only native healers while some lack access or may be more bicultural. Native people prefer helpers who have an understanding of their cultural and ethnic heritage. Trust, helper attractiveness, and a helping relationship are critical to the helping relationship. Must be open to a new world of cultural beliefs and practices. SW intervention from an existential perspective uses elements of holding, telling, mastering, and honoring to structure the helping process, facilitate empathetic availability, and provide awareness and reflection of emotional trauma. |
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Term
| “Hispanic” vs. “Latino”- things that make classification of this group difficult |
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Definition
| Hispanic and Latino are terms that cloud the ethnicity, language, geographic location, and cultural heritage of members of this large and diverse population. These terms can lead to stereotyping, identity losses, and political or social divisiveness. |
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Term
| Power/privilege in AA, HA communities based on skin color/shade |
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Definition
| Power and privilege are reflected by shades of color among Hispanic and Latino people. Fair-skinned females have historically been valued above their darker sisters in Latin America and Mexico. |
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Term
| Three major subgroups of Hispanic population (pg. 44) |
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Definition
| Mexican American, Puerto Rican American, and Cuban American |
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Term
| Characteristics of Mexican population (pg. 45) |
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Definition
-Largest subgroup in Hispanic population (close to 60% of the Hispanic population)
-First Spanish-speaking population to become a minority group in the US
-American Southwest
-experienced great ethnic and racial violence in the southwestern US in the early 1900s as Anglos rapidly increased in number in New Mexico, California, and Arizona
-Characterized by great oppression
-Extremely hard working; MA achieved economic security even though forced relocation produced severe oppression.
-Women are likely to hold low-paying and low-status jobs; endure many social injustices
-Migrant farm workers cluster in Midwest
-lack housing, transportation, and just about every social service
-the stream of immigrants crossing the border perpetuates poverty for undereducated, unskilled, and monolingual newcomers
-Victims of serious forms of discrimination and violence
-Experience considerable stress in their daily lives as they live in fear of being sent back to their native country |
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Term
| Characteristics of Puerto Rican population (pg. 46-47) |
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Definition
-Began emigrating from native homeland in early 1800s
-Granted citizenship in 1917
-Large numbers came to America in early 1940s and continued to occupy poor housing and work low-paying jobs after WWII ended.
-Experience personal and cultural devaluation by majority population
-Mostly moved in or near NY or NJ
-Texas and Florida now have large Puerto Rican populations
-Personal networks, extended families, congenial family relations, and a sense of fatalism characterize daily lives
-Frequently live in urban ghettos (unemployment, poverty, crime, and violence are rampant)
-Many lack education and employable skills
-40% in US are single parent households—1/3 live below poverty level
-racial mixes- Indian, White European, Spanish, and African heritage
-naturalized citizens, free to come and go between the island and mainland
-Consider themselves to be American’s and take great pride in their ethnic roots
-1st, 2nd, and 3rd generations educated in and living in the US |
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Term
| Characteristics of Cuban American population (pg. 47-48) |
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Definition
-The 1959 revolution of Castro’s regime opened up the pathway for Cuban immigration to the US
-Three waves of immigration ensued under the dictatorship of Fidel Castro (1959-1962)
-200,000 people left Cuba when land and economic resources were redistributed
-Most Cubans in the 1st wave were readily employable in the US-most came as nuclear families
-2nd wave spanned 1965-1973; 340,000 working class immigrants came to Miami
-3rd wave; 1980; about 100,000 of the 125,000 refugees who entered the US by boat came from Cuban port of Mariel. Referred to as “boat refugees” or “undesirables” (felons and mentally ill, disabled, or uneducated individuals) –Florida’s Coastline
-Population of 803, 226 was counted in 1980; 1,242,000 population in 2000; 155% increase/.4% of the US population
-Mostly city dwellers; heavily represented in Miami and surrounding areas.
-3.5% of the Hispanic population in the US
-acculturated quickly and obtained considerable social and economic security
-Early assimilation into dominant culture patterns may be a factor of social class; many well educated, successful and upwardly mobile.
-most are fair skinned and face little discrimination
-travel restrictions- prevent Cuban Americans from seeing and helping families on the island. One visit every three years. |
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Term
| Similarities/commonalities among Hispanic people (pg. 50-51) |
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Definition
-Hispanic people are linked by language, values, beliefs and traditions
-Religion
-Familism- strong orientation to family and kinship system found throughout Hispanic populations.
-Extended family includes blood relatives, nonblood related family members, and others related by marriage.
-Familismo implies lasting bonds of unity, loyalty, and family honor.
-Machismo-tradition of strong, virile, independent Hispanic male, is seen in the role of the breadwinner, autocratic head of the household, provider for immediate and extended family members, and romantic and protective husband and father.
-Historically, males have been raised to be husbands first, and women to be mothers first
-Marianismo- Role of wife and mother, is sometimes expressed as subservice and self-sacrifice.
-Dignidad and individualismo- intrinsic to Hispanic heritage and are closely linked to respect for individuals and interpersonal relations. Interpersonal relations are valued and tend to be expressed through hugging, free expressions of emotions, and exchanges of friendship.
-Respect for others is valued- particularly for parents and grandparents.
-Respect for elderly |
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Term
| Role of curandero/practice |
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Definition
-a native faith healer or shaman
-Older Hispanics and those living in larger ethnic communities often retain ethnomedical practices for treating various illnesses.
-care is often sought from combinations of folk healers, spiritual healers, and fold remedies in addition to Western health-care providers |
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Term
| Mexican Americans believe in three main causes of illness (pg. 53) |
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Definition
1). Natural
2). Emotional
3). Spiritual |
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Term
| Characteristics of women in our increasingly pluralistic society-wide range of diversity (pg. 147-148) |
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Definition
1. Well educated, economically advantaged, a professional in science fields, a nurse, a teacher, a physician, self-employed, a homemaker, a supervisor, worker, a single mother, or a caregiver; women comprise 75% of the workforce in America. Paid about seventy-seven cents for each dollar paid to men in the American economy.
2. She is also poor and illiterate, and has never been employed.
3. Disproportionately likely to experience poverty; 70% of all poor people in the world are women
4. Experience a range of gender discrimination and oppression in the social and political context of their lives
5. Especially vulnerable to the intersection of gender oppression with oppressions of race, ethnicity, age
6. Encounter exclusion and barriers to employment, promotion, and career progress |
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Term
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Definition
| Places an importance on gender equality and opportunity for women. Identify patriarchal values and traditionally male-dominated institutions as causes of female oppression and seek equal access through legal redress rather than revolutionary restructuring of the social order. |
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Term
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Definition
| Attempts to define gender roles in contemporary society. Identifies capitalism and patriarchy as the root causes of female oppression. Theoretically, female oppression stems from both the capitalist class and property system and from male-dominated power relations. Class oppression and gender oppression are interrelated spheres. The resultant division of labor is based on production (male/public sphere) and reproduction (female/private sphere). |
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Term
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Definition
| Calls for changing the way equality is created in society. Changing the balance of power in a patriarchal society required drastic social upheaval. Dignity, self determination, and the right to a different voice are consistent with radical feminists’ efforts to bring to the agenda for gender equality. |
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Term
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Definition
| does not take issue with gender differences but calls for women’s culture where production is recognized and their voices are heard. |
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Term
| Discuss ways in which feminism is consistent with SW practice, and what is an example of using feminist theory in SW practice? (pg. 152-153) (possible short answer) |
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Definition
Like feminism, social work practice can help establish equal opportunities for American women. Social work also calls for social action and social change. Developing self-help support groups where women can share experiences and begin to reshape some of the restrictive roles they occupy. Social work serves disadvantage families living in poverty. Lastly, a practice function requiring sensitivity on the part of the practitioner is helping survivors of childhood and sexual abuse overcome damage from the violation of their personal boundaries.
Ex. Of using feminist theory in SW practice is Helping women identify gender roles that are characteristic of the socioeconomic situation in which they live provides assistance in reframing role conflict, developing and testing coping strategies, and confronting experiences of labeling and devaluation. Reframing and redefining often allow women to change or ameliorate their experiences. Can also be used in domestic violence situation, gender discrimination and sexual assault. |
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Term
| Characteristics of gay affirmative practice (slide 2) |
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Definition
o Affirms a lesbian, gay, or bisexual identity as an equally positive human experience and expression to heterosexual identity
o Celebrates and advocates the validity of LGB persons and their relationships
o Becoming the goal in which those practicing in the mental health and substance abuse fields are striving
o Can be applied in a variety of SW settings |
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Term
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Definition
| They type of sexual, romantic, physical, and/or spiritual attraction one feels for others |
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Term
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Definition
| The internal perception or sense of one’s own gender |
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Term
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Definition
| How one expresses one's gender |
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Term
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Definition
| A medical term used to refer to chromosomes, hormones, and anatomical characteristics used to classify us as male or female or intersex |
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Term
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Definition
| Someone's whose combination of chromosomes, gonads, hormones, internal sex organs and genitals differs from the expected patterns of male and female |
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Term
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Definition
| A person whose gender identity and biological sex assigned at birth align with each other |
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Term
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Definition
| A broad term that encompasses people who experience or express their gender differently from conventional or cultural expectations |
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Term
| Genderqueer/ gender non-comforming |
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Definition
| A catch all term for all gender identities outside the gender binary |
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Term
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Definition
| The process of modifying gender expression and/or physical characteristics to match one's identity. FTM (transitioning from female to male, transgender man) MTF (transitioning from male to female, transgender woman) |
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Term
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Definition
| Process by which individuals identify their sexual orientation and gender identity to themselves; a life long process |
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Term
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Definition
| Process by which individuals share their sexual orientation and gender identity with others; varies according to the environment and other factors |
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Term
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Definition
| The umbrella term for negative attitudes that one may have towards members of the LGBTQ community |
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Term
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Definition
| The assumption that everyone is heterosexual and that heterosexuality is superior to all other sexualities |
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Term
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Definition
| A heterosexual or cis-identified person who supports and respects members of the LGBTQ community |
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Term
| Use “sexual orientation” instead of “sexual preference.” (Why) |
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Definition
| Sexual preference implies choice while sexual orientation implies a state of being and characteristics |
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Term
| How do you know what terms to use with an LGBT client? |
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Definition
| Ask them what their preference is! |
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Term
| Life span issues- behavior vs. identity |
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Definition
| Not all people who engage in same-sex sexual behavior identify as LGB (behavior), and not all people who identify as LGB engage in same-sex sexual contact (identity) |
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Term
| What are some of the impacts of homophobia in practitioners? |
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Definition
o Lead to non-compliance with treatment for LGB
o Perpetuate self-hatred for LGB
o Indirectly extend to denial by LGB about challenging issues
o Lead to the use of conversion or reparative therapies, treatments aimed at changing the sexual orientation of the LGB person |
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Term
| What is not okay to ask an LGB person? |
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Definition
o In the relationship, which one of you is the man and which one the woman?
o Are you really married?
o When did you become gay? |
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Term
| What is not okay to ask a Transgender person? |
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Definition
o Did you have the surgery?
o What surgeries have you had?
o What was your old name?
o How long ago did you transition? |
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Term
| Skills in working with LGBT people (mult choice) |
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Definition
o Do not assume all clients are heterosexual
o When conducting assessments, assess how “out” they are, to whom they are out, and how supportive people to whom they’ve disclosed
o Create a safe environment for them
o Treat the presenting problem, not the client’s sexual orientation
o Do not assume sexual orientation is the cause of the presenting problem
o Assess for indications of internalized homophobia and its impact on the client’s life and perception of self
o Work with clients to overcome internalized homophobia and to acknowledge its origins
o Support clients who may be struggling with their sexual orientation and accept an identity as LGB as a positive outcome of any process in which the client is questioning his/her sexual orientation
o Refer clients to gay affirmative resources
o Obtain supervision to deal with feelings about LGB clients |
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Term
| Religion and philosophical beliefs of Asian American clients |
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Definition
| Confucianism, Buddhism, Taoism, and Hinduism |
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Term
| Two important principles for successful SW practice with Asian American clients |
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Definition
1. The clinician's understanding of the concept of family in Asian culture (family support is often critical to utilization of care)
2. The importance of building on strengths of individuals and their family systems rather than approaching intervention from a deficit perspective (values of pride and honor) |
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Term
| Why Asians/Asian Americans often underutilize SW services- why they may be reluctant to do so; ways to overcome |
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Definition
| They do seek mental health services, but seeking professional help is not usually the first option chosen to relieve stress and emotional pain. When confronted with the manifestation of emotional problems or psychiatric symptoms, Asian American people often feel shamed and are reluctant to seek social services or counseling. Reframing problems positively helps them to save face and retain a sense of dignity. |
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Term
| Characteristics of Asian families |
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Definition
| Families of origin are patriarchal, they show respect for intergenerational members, and they have concern for the future lives of family members and the role they will have in the family. Valuing dignity and honor, children learn many lessons through nonverbal and indirect means such as symbolism and modeling by their elders. There are subgroups such as Korean Americans, Japanese Americans, Chinese Americans, and Southeast Asian populations. |
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Term
| Link between Confucianism and patriarchal family structure in Korean and Chinese families |
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Definition
| Confucian philosophy of life is concerned with life in this world rather than life after death. It offers many principles for living that are directed toward the development of harmonious social relationships. Confucius emphasized a clear role differentiations between husband and wife, and this had led to a system of patriarchy. The husband is considered the bread winner and decision maker in the family and has authority over his wife and children. Children should demonstrate deep respect and obedience toward their parents. |
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Term
| Issues related to care for the elderly in Japanese American families; suicide rate among Japanese elderly |
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Definition
| The suicide rate is the second highest in the world and is highest for those who live alone. Influences of sekentei reflect decreasing carefiving for elderly ancestors by their younger relatives. Sekentei is defined as society and community, and tei refers to social appearance or dignity. In other words, many families are providing for elderly relatives in order to avoid public shame and community embarrassment instead of from an absolute sense of duty to protect the family honor. Caregivers outside the family is frowned upon. |
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Term
| Fundamental skills needed to work with Asian American clients |
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Definition
| Effective listening, empathy, accepting the client's worldview and view of distress, developing goals that take into account the client's level of acculturation, and understanding the Asian client's environmental situation. Important to understand the level of discrimination and racism that Asian Americans experience in the US today. Be culturally competent with increased knowledge. |
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