= white

leukemia (overabundance of white blood cells)

= black

melanoma (black tumor of the skin)

= blue

cyanosis (blueness may be due to cold or not enough oxygen in blood)

= yellow

xanthoma (yellow tumor)

= gland

adenoma

= fat

lipoma

= muscle

myoma

= lymph tissue

lymphoma

= malignant

carcinoma

= bone

osteoma

= within, inside of

endoscopy (to inspect the inside of an organ or space with a lighted instrument)

= around

perianal (around the anus)

= around

circumcise (cut around)

= behind

retrosternal (behind the breastbone)

= upon, on top

epidermis (the top or outermost layer of skin)

= through

transurethral (through the urinary exit duct)

= within

intravenous (inside the veins, e.g. IV fluids)

= below

subclavian (below the clavicle = collar bone)

something you observe and complain about to the physician.

“Doctor, I have a fever”.

is something the physician observes and/or can measure.

“Mrs. Smith, you are running a temp of 102″.