"Christ As The Good Shephard"

2nd-3rd century

Fresco

Found in catacombs in Rome

3 goats: holy trinity

 !!!!!!!!!

"Christ as the Good Shepherd"

425-426 AD

at Mausoleum of Galla Placidia

Early christian Mosaic

3 symbol used twice

Halo, Background

!!!!!!!!!

"Christian Sarcophagus"

4th Century

Rome

Marble

John the Baptist, Jonah and the whale

!!!!!!!!!!

"Old St. Peter's Basilica"

333-390 AD

1st christian church

Marcus Aurelias/"constantine" sculpture

EW short sides, NS long sides

entrance focuses on altar

borrowed architecture from Basilica Ulpia

"Christ as Sol"

Mosaic

250 AD

Christ represented as the sun god

shows more power

"Church of Santa Costanza"

350 AD

Rome

archuaited architecture

ceilings are mosaics

no concrete

tomb of constantia

"Justinian and his Court"

547 AD

Mosaic in San Vitale Apse

8'8" x 12'

soliders and political men on left

religious men on right

foot positioning implies power and hierarchy

!!!!!!!!!!

"Wife of Justinian" Theodora

547 AD

8'8"x12'

mosaic counterpart to justinian

attendents on right

political figures on let

weird perspective on fountain, architecture present

!!!!!!!!!!

"Hagia Sophia" aka Holy Wisdom

537 AD

Istanbul (Constantinopole)

converted into mosque

pillars are minarets (islamic feature)

Dome of light

Pendentive: dome on rectangular platform

"Church of the Katholikon"

1020 AD

archuaited architecture

less detail/decor outside

"Virgin and Child"

1020 AD

Mosaic

Byzantine: simple gold background

Christ as a Manbaby

elongated faces/nose

In church of katholikon

!!!!!!!!!!

"Crucifixion"

1020 AD

Mosaic

Byzantine: gold background

anatomy is very abstracted

Skull on the bottom: Adam and Golgotha

!!!!!!!!!!!

"Pantokator"

1183 AD

Manreale Cicily

"Ruler of All"

intimidation, commanding obedience

"Chaitya Hall"

50-70 AD, Karli, India

"Place of Worship"- buddhist temple

Rock cut, carved into rock wall

Stupa located inside

Has aisle, apse, nave, column

Columns have elephants 

!!!!!!!!!

"Mithuna"

50-70 AD

In Chaitya Hall Entrance

nude figures,

believed to be real people (couple)

celebrating vitality of life, sensuality

!!!!!!!!

"Preaching Buddha"

475 AD

over 5' tall

relief sculpture

"get the wheel moving" or something

"Frankish Fibulae"

6-7th century

abstract, early form of design

fibula: pin for fabric

Frankish (germanic tribe)

"Spread Eagle Fibula"

6th Century

Frankish 

Animal form, abstracted

Greek Cross, first christian reference

"Sutton Hoo Purse Cover"

680 AD

Early Middle Ages

Purse cover, leather was lost

Hinges and clasp

From Ship Burial

Top register: abstract, interlace

Lower register: 3 part composition, eagle attacking ducks

"menacing" society

"Oseberg Ship Burial"

800-850 AD

Norway

wood survived underwater b/c cold

"Animal Head Post"

800-850 AD

Sculpture on headpost of oseberg ship

interlace design

"menacing/fierce"

bulging eyes, sharp teeth

"Warrior Entering Valhalla"

8th-9th century

Early Middle Ages (interlace, menacing)

Sweden

Limestone relief

brother created for other brother- in memorial

valhalla: viking heaven for warrior

being welcomed by odin, on odin's horse

"Tunc Crucifixerant XPI" from Book of Kells

"then they crucified Christ"

800 AD

Dublin

interlacing, richly decoration

J has interlacing and dragon

"Palace Chapel of Charlemagne"

792-805 AD

central plan, center dome

archuaited architecture

Roman clarity, Byzantine mystery

Carolingian style

railings with bronze castings, revival

"Church of St. Riquier"

800 AD, 881 pillaged

Charlemagne invested in it

Design innovation:

1) Crossing Tower

2) Extended apse

3) Stucco nativity scene above entrance

"St John, Coronation Gospels"

800 AD

manuscript in handprinted Bible

Carolingian:

Background aspect,

figure apparent under fabric

feet firmly planted

book foreshortened

"St Matthew, Coronation Gospels"

800 AD

Carolingian:

horizon line

feet firmly planted

body under fabric

historically accurate furniture

"Aachen Gospels"

Landscaped background

four figures (saints)

4 symbols next to each

Carolingian

"Psalm 88"

in Utrect Psalter, prayer book

825-850

pen and ink

lively markmaking

last judgment, crucifixion

 Carolingian

"Psalm 150" in Utrecht Psalter

825-850

illustration, pen and ink

lower part, organ players

music oriented

animated, gestural

Carolingian

"Charlemagne"

800 AD

9 1/4" tall

Bronze casting over marble

Inspired by Marcus Aurealius/Constantine

Foot not in a stirrup- accurately reflects Aurealius

"Doors at Church of St Michael"

1015 AD

16.5 ft tall

Bronze casting, relief registers

Issued by Bishop Bernward

Left door: Hebrew testament

Right door: Christian testament

"Adam and Eve Approached by God"

1015, on Doors in St Michaels

God on left, Adam then Eve on right

Byzantine styled feet

Some landscape elements

relief on bronze

Ottonian Style

"Column of Bishop Bernward"

1022 AD

Bronze relief in spiral registers

12.5 ft tall 

St Michael Church

Giant Paschal Candlestick

Ottonian

"St. Luke" in Gospel of Otto III

1000 AD

illumination drawing/painting

No background element, only gold

Gives more power

Visionary, not Carolingian "down to earth"

Very intense

Ottonian

"Colossal Head"

1000 BC, Olmec

San Lorenzo

Almost 6ft tall

One of 10 heads

Weighs tons, far from quarry

 !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

"Teotihuacan" 

350-650 AD

200,000 population

Gridded city street system

Pyramid of Moon: 130 ft

Pyramid of Sun: 210 ft, temple atop

 !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

Copan, Acropolis at Copan

800 AD

Pyramids

Plaza with King statues

Mayan civilization

"Ballcourt at Copan"

800

Copan, Mayan civilization

Teamsport, 

Feet, no hands

Human sacrifice at the end,winners or loser?

"18 Rabbit"

800 AD, Meso-American

steele of successful ruler, 

stone and red pigment

"Mayan Painting"

790 AD

Fresco on wall

figures looking up to central figure, King

one figure dead, others begging

multiple registers

"Nazca Pottery"

50-200

human face, cat whiskers, fish tail

animated, vivid style

"Nazca Lines"

200-600 AD

hummingbird shape

scraping away dark pebblies to see light clay

450 ft in length, 200ft wingspan

no hills around?

"Church of St Serevin"

1080-1120 AD

extended apse

crossing tower

clear story windows on st nave

Pilgrimage church

stone walls for durability

barrell vault  like romans

"Tympanum Sculpture at St Foy"

1130 AD

relief sculpture above doors

The Last Judgment

Christ in cetner. damned to left, saved to right

Oval of light around christ

saved: organized damned: chaos

Knight: prideful, knocked of horse

poacher being cooked

"Reliquary of St Foy"

holds relics

holding a skull

made of gold and jewels

33.5" tall

has ancient roman cameos (Romanesque)

"Tympanum at Church of St PIerre" 

Moissac

1115-1135 AD

Revelations them

24 elders playing music trumpets will sound

Romanesque style: elongation, expressive, less fabric response to gravity

"Abbot Durand Statue"

1047-1072 AD

in St Pierre

relief statue carving

flat, simplied

possible manuscript influence

semicircle arch frame

"Cathedral Complex at Pisa"

?

Separate buildings for baptisms, bell tower, cathedral

White marble like Ancient Romans

Wooden ceiling unlike stone in Romanesque

Byzantine influence (Gold)

"Bayeux Tapestry"

1070-1080 AD

Wool embroidery on linen

8 colors of wool

20 in tall x 230ft long

Depicts Battle of Hastings (historical event)

Possibly done by women

Halley's comet, construction of ships seen

"Scribe Eadwine"

1150 AD

Manuscript illumination of a scribe

Genre

Fabric responds to gravity-

Transitional piece (romanesque-gothic)

"Chartres Cathedral"

1150 - West end

Vaults are 120ft tall

Blue & Red stained glass

2nd tower built later, more ornate

Didn't care about consistency

3 doors, triumphal arches

Stone quarry - 7.5 miles away

Chartres- Old Jamb Statues

1145-1170

Kings and Queen of Old Testament

Gothic: fabric

Romanesque: elongation

Byzantine: feet

Chatres- New Jamb Statues

1200s

St Peter, St Theodore, Stephen Clement, Lawrence

More individualization

Trend towards naturalization

Gravity is apparent

"Amiens Cathedral"

1220-1260

High Gothic Design

Set in entrance ways

Modest, spiral crossing tower

144ft tall

Strong sunlight like at Hagia Sophia

"Reims Cathedral"

1211-1290

High Gothic

Sculpture row above rose window

Glass instead of tympanum

Left: "Annunciation"

At Reims

1225-1245

Gabriel appears to Mary

Mary elongated- no expression

Right: "The Visitation" 

Different sculptor than Annunciation

Mary visiting Elizabeth

Age shows in Elizabeth's face

Figure interaction 

Move towards realism in Renaissance

"Sainte Chapelle"

1243-1248

Chapel of French Kings

#1 Objective: Stained Glass

75% of wall surface is glass

Blue ceiling with gold stars

"Canterbury Cathedral"

1174-1184

English Gothic

Courtyard on side, not in front

Thomas Ebbecket murdered inside

"Salisbury Cathedral"

1220 English Gothic

2 transcepts

Side courtyard, park like setting around

Less stained glass, less buttresses

"Ekkehard and Uta"

1250-1260

At Naumberg Cathedral (Germanic)

Donor statues

Not idealized, trend of realism

Powerful stance

"Padmapani"

in Ajanta Cave

450-500 AD

"lotus bearer" 

naturalism

Shading and stuff

"Great Mosque"

Samarra

847-852

Minaret is styled like a ziggurat (60ft)

Minarets used for call to prayer

Now in ruins but once very large

"Arches of Great Mosque at Cordoba"

786-787

Columbs are 9'9" tall

larger interior than any christian church

Dome in front of mihrab in Great Mosque, Cordoba

961-976

Nonrepresentational

very orante geometric, or floral patterns

Gold (influence?)

"Flight into Egypt" by Gislebertus

1130 AD

Column capital at Autun Cathedral

Circular ground plane

Both have halos

Romanesque

"Weighing of Souls" detail of Last Judgment tymp

Giselbertus

1120-1135

clear Romanesque elongation

Creature hiding

Creature pulling on scale