Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Earth Science 1
stuff from 6th grade science (thanks grace)
46
Geology
Not Applicable
02/05/2009

Additional Geology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
asthenosphere
Definition
zone of partially melted rock in upper part of mantle
Term
basalt
Definition
igneous rock; fine texture; used for sculpting
Term
bomb
Definition
lump of lava thrown out of a volcano while still molten
Term
compression
Definition
pressure exerted on rock from opposite sides toward the center
Term
convection currents
Definition
form when a substance heats, expands, and rises while cooler portions sink
Term
convergent boundary
Definition
boundary where plates collide
Term
cinder cone volcano
Definition
volcano: not tall; steep sided; cone around side of top; violent eruptions with lots of ash
Term
crater
Definition
bowl-shaped depression around the mouth of a volcano
Term
crescent
Definition
phase just before or after the new Moon
Term
divergent boundary
Definition
boundary where plates move apart
Term
dome
Definition
mountain that forms when magma pushes against the crust above it
Term
earthquake
Definition
vibrations of rocks shifting; starts in focus
Term
eclipse
Definition
when Sun or Moon appear to vanish from the sky in whole or in part
Term
epicenter
Definition
point on Earth's surface directly above focus
Term
equinox
Definition
dates on which days and nights are equal
Term
fault
Definition
a break in rock
Term
fissure
Definition
a large crack in the earth through which lava can flow
Term
focus
Definition
point deep in Earth's crust where first major movement along the fault occurs
Term
gibbous
Definition
phase just before or after a full Moon
Term
granite
Definition
igneous rock; coarse texture; used for durable building stone
Term
gravity
Definition
force that pulls everything to the center of the Earth
Term
lava
Definition
molten rock; magma on the surface of the earth
Term
lithosphere
Definition
the cool solid part of the earth that includes part of the mantle
Term
magma
Definition
lava or molten rock in the ground
Term
magnitude
Definition
strength of an earthquake
Term
mantle
Definition
the layer of molten rock 120 miles under the surface
Term
Mercalli scale
Definition
measures damage of an earthquake (I-XII)
Term
mid-ocean ridge
Definition
a chain of mountains that runs through all the world's oceans
Term
obsidian
Definition
igneous rock; smooth texture; used for making sharp weapons
Term
Pangaea
Definition
supercontinent when continents were joined together
Term
phases
Definition
different shapes the moon seems to have when viewed from Earth
Term
plates
Definition
broken sections of the Earth's crust and upper mantle
Term
plate tectonics
Definition
the movement of plates to form land masses
Term
P wave
Definition
first wave (primary wave); "push-pull"; cause back-forth vibrations
Term
Richter scale
Definition
measures the energy released from the earthquake
Term
rift
Definition
a deep valley down the center of the mid-ocean ridge
Term
sea-floor spreading
Definition
process where magma pushes up through cracks in sea floor that cools to form new sea floor
Term
shield volcano
Definition
volcano: gentle slope; lava runs slowly out; erupts often; largest volcanoes
Term
solstice
Definition
dates in the year when Sun stops its apparent motion up or down in the sky
Term
stratovolcano (composite volcano)
Definition
volcano: steep; cone shaped; powerful eruptions; erupt often
Term
surface wave
Definition
"roll-sway"; cause the most damage; slow
Term
S wave
Definition
secondary wave; "up-down"; right angles; slower than first wave
Term
transform fault boundary
Definition
boundary where plates grind past each other
Term
vent
Definition
hole in crust where magma erupts [out of a volcano]
Term
volcano
Definition
mountain that contains magma and explodes cinders or lava
Term
weathering
Definition
gradual break down of rocks in the Earth's crust
Supporting users have an ad free experience!