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Earth Science Topic 9 Vocab
all the vocabulary words in topic nine vocabulary
24
Science
9th Grade
11/28/2011

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Term
abrasion
Definition
the physical action of scraping, rubbing, grinding, or weathering away of rock surfaces and sediments due tot the movement of solid sediments in an erosional system such as a stream or wind
Term
breaking waves
Definition
the result of waves dragging on the ocean bottom causing the water in the waves to fall forward as the waves bunch together, rise up, and break against the shore
Term
chemical weathering
Definition
the processes by whih chemicals, such as oxygen, acids, and water, breakdown rocks and other earth materials, resulting in more stable new minerals(chemicals) like rusting
Term
delta
Definition
the deposit of sediment at the mouth or end of a river or stream where it flows into a quiet still body of water.
Term
erosion
Definition
the carrying away of sediment by wind, water, ice and other agents; the process by which sediments are obtained and transported; the wearing away & lowering of earths urface features
Term
finder lakes
Definition
a body of water that forms a long narrow u-shaped glacial valley, often party dammed @ one end by a mound of glacial moraine sediment; example: the finger lakes of new york
Term
flood plain
Definition
a nearly level plain that borders a stream that is subject to flooding unless protected artifically; usually composed of layers of river-deposited sediment
Term
glacial groove
Definition
a long narrow channel or furrow on bedrock formed by the gouging and sanding actions of rocks and sediments frozen to the bottom of a glacier; show the direction of a former glacial movement
Term
glacial parallel scratches
Definition
parallel cuts in bedrock formed by abrasion of rocks and sediments frozen to the bottom of a glacier (shows directions)
Term
glacier
Definition
a large mass of naturally formed ice on land that moves down hill due to gravity
Term
mass movementant
Definition
any variety of erosion and deposition done directly by gravity; also called gravity erosion
Term
meander
Definition
a curve or bend in a stream or river
Term
physical weathering
Definition
the mechanical or physical breakdow of rock and other earth materials at or near earths surface into smaller pieces without a change in the mineral or its chemical composition
Term
sand bar
Definition
a pile of low ridge sand, often just above or just below water level, deposited by waves and currents; found near oceanshore or streams/rivers
Term
sand blastings
Definition
an erosional process by which blowing sand impacts and abrades rock surface resulting in shaped landscape features and new sediments
Term
sediment
Definition
particles or materials formed by the weathering and erosion of rocks or organic materials; transported
Term
stream
Definition
water flowing through a canal on land
Term
stream channel shape
Definition
the shape of the body of rock or loose minerals that confine the stream
Term
stream abrasion
Definition
the rounding, smoothing and size reduction of sediments resulting from the rolling, sliding or bouncing solid sediments along a stream bottom and it erodes the stream bed by impact of solid sediments
Term
tributary
Definition
small stream or river that flows into a larger stream
Term
u-shaped valley
Definition
the characteristic shape of a valley after is has been eroded by glaciers, especially mountain glaciers, as composed to the v-shaped valleys eroded by streams
Term
v-shaped valley
Definition
the characteristic shape of a valley eroded by a stream or river as compared to a u-shaped valley eroded by glaciers
Term
watershed
Definition
the area of land drained by one stream, also called a drainage area
Term
weathering
Definition
the chemical and physical altertations of rock and other earth materials at of near the earths surface, though the action of temperature changes water, chemical agents, atmospheric gases and organic materials
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