Term
| Three objectives of first aid? |
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Definition
1. Save life,
2. Prevent further injury,
3. Prevent infection |
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Term
| State the methods of controlling bleeding |
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Definition
1. Direct pressure
2. Elevation
3. Pressure points
4. Tourniquet as a last resort |
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Term
| Identify an example of a pressure point |
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Definition
| A pressure point is a place where a main artery to the injured part lies near the skin surface and over a bone. Apply pressure with the heal of the hand. |
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Term
| Describe the symptoms of shock |
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Definition
Vacan lackluster eyes;
shallow irregular breathing;
cold, pale skin;
nausea;
weak or absent pulse;
fainting |
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Term
| Describe threatment for shock |
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Definition
| Lay victim down with feet elevation 6-12 inches and cover to maintain body heat. Reassure and calm a concious victim. |
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Term
| Describe the three classifications of burns. |
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Definition
1st degree: Mildest. Produces redness, increased warmth, tenderness, and mild pain.
2nd: red & blistered skin; sever pain.
3rd: destroyed tissue, skin & bone in severe cases. Due to damaged nerve endings, severe pain may be absent. |
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Term
| Symptoms and treatment for heat exhaustion: |
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Definition
Symptoms: Skin is cool, moist, and clammy. Dilated pupils and normal to sub normal body temp.
Treatment: Move victim to cool air conditioned area, loosen clothing, apply cool wet cloth to head, groin, and ankles. Fan victim but do not allow to become too cooled. Give 1 tsp salt to 1 liter of cool water and transport to MTF |
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Term
| Symptoms and treatment of heat stroke: |
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Definition
Symptoms: Hot and/or dry skin, uneven dilated pupils, weak rapid pulse, excessive body heat.
Treatment: Reduce body heat ASAP by dousing with cold water. Apply wet, cold towels to the body and relocate to coolest place possible. Lay on back, shoulders slightly elevated, maintain airway. Cold packs around shoulders and neck and groin area. |
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Term
| Difference between and open and closed fracture. |
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Definition
Closed (simple) fracture is internal without break in the skin.
Open (compound) fracture is an open wound with break in the skin and possible protruding bone thru the skin. |
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Term
| Electric shock: Personnel rescue. . . approach. |
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Definition
DO NOT TOUCH VICTIMS BODY, WIRE, OR ANY OTHER OBJECT THAT MAY CONDUCT ELECTRICITY.
Turn off any electricity; use dry broom handle, branch, pole, aor, board, dry rope, clothing, or other non-conducting object to remove wires |
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Term
| Electric shock. . . . personnel treatment |
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Definition
Administer artificial ventilation immediately if needed.
Check the pulse.
If no pulse, start CPR.
Get the victim to a mtf immediately. |
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Term
| Clearing an obstructed airway. |
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Definition
Indications: Inability to talk, grasping and pointing at throat, exxagerated breathing efforts, skin turning blue.
Treatment: heimlich maneuver or reclining abdominal thrust. |
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Term
| Name three cold weather injuries: |
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Definition
Hypothermia
Superficial frostbite
Deep frostbite |
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Term
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Definition
Caused by: General cooling of entire body caused by exposure to low or rapidly falling temps, cold moisture, snow or ice.
Symptoms: Pale appearance, maybe unconscious or mistakable for being dead. Slow & shallow breathing, faint or undetectable pulse, semi-rigid body tissues, stiff extremities.
Treatment: Wrap in warm blankets and place in warm room (location). NO hot drinks or stimulants until consciousness is regained.
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Term
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Definition
Superficial: Ice crystals forming in upper skin layers after exposure to temps at 32 degrees or lower.
Deep: Ice crystals forming in the deeper tissues after exposure to temps at 32 degrees or lower.
Treatment: Get victim indoors, re-warm with warm water or hot water bottles. Also, place warm water bottles under armpits, against abdomin, or between legs. DONT rub frostbite area.
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