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| Long-term average pattern of local, regional, or global weather. |
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| The combination of temperature, humidity, precipitation, wind, cloudiness, and other atmospheric conditions at a specific place and time. |
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| A measure of the average speed or kinetic energy of atoms and molecules in a substance. |
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| All the forms of water that fall to Earth; includes rain, snow, hail, sleet, fog, mist, drizzle, and the measured amounts of each. |
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| Direct transfer or heat from one substance from another. |
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| Transfer of heat by the circulation of a liquid or gas. |
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| Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR) |
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| that part of the light spectrum between wavelengths of 400 and 700 nm that is used by plants in photosynthesis. |
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| 66ᴼ N latitude - marks the southernmost latitude at which the sun can remain continuously above or below the horizon for 24 hours. |
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| 23ᴼ N latitude - marks the northernmost latitude at which the sun may be seen directly overhead (at the June solstice). |
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| 0ᴼ latitude - the circle that is the equidistant from both the North Pole and South Pole; it divides the Earth into the Northern Hemisphere and the Southern Hemisphere |
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| 23ᴼ S latitude - marks the southernmost latitude at which the sun may be seen directly overhead (at the December solstice). |
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| 66ᴼ S latitude - marks the northernmost latitude at which the sun can remain continuously above or below the horizon for 24 hours. |
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| Latitudes between the equator and the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn |
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| Latitudes between the tropics and the Arctic and Antarctic Circles |
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| Latitudes between the Arctic and Antarctic circles and the poles. |
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| A decrease in air temperature when a rising parcel of warm air cools by expanding (which uses energy) rather than losing heat to the surrounding air; the rate of cooling is approximately 1ᴼC/100 m for dry air and 0.6ᴼC/100 m for moist air. |
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| Physical consequence of the law of conservation of angular momentum; as a result of Earth's rotation, a moving object veers to the right in the Northern Hemisphere and to the left in the Southern Hemisphere relative to Earth's surface. |
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| Circular motion of water in major ocean basins. |
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| Water vapor content of air at a given temperature, expressed as a percentage of the water vapor needed for saturation at that temperature. |
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| A dry region on the leeward side of a mountain range resulting from a reduction in rainfall. |
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| climate on a very local scale, which differs from the general climate of the area; influences the presence and distribution of organisms. |
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