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Ecology
Populations
36
Biology
Undergraduate 3
03/18/2014

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Term
Population
Definition
A group of organisms of the same species occurring in the same place at the same time.
Term
Spacial Dispersion
Definition
How a population is distrubuted over a given area.
Term
Crude Density
Definition
# of individuals per unit area
Term
Genets
Definition
Individual plant produces by sexual reproduction.
Term
Ramet
Definition
Individual member of a plant clone.
Term
Distribution
Definition
Spatial location over which individuals of a species occur.
Term
Geographic Range
Definition
# of individuals in a given area.
Term
Subpopulation
Definition
Populations within a population separated by a matrix of of suitable and unsuitable habitats.
Term
Metapopulation
Definition
Population broken into subpopulations linked by dispersal.
Term
Ecological Density
Definition
# of individuals measured in terms of the amount of area available as living space.
Term
Types of Dispersion
Definition

Random

Uniform 

Clumped

Term
Natal Dispersion
Definition
One way movement of individuals away from natal range to new area.
Term
Migration
Definition
Two way movement in response to an evolutionary or enviromental adaptation.
Term
4 factors that effect population size.
Definition

Birth Rate

Death Rate

Emigration Rate

Immigration Rate

Term
Population Dynamics
Definition
Ways in which population change in abundance over time.
Term
Exponential Growth
Definition
Population increases by a constant rate.
Term
Logistic Growth
Definition
Some populations reach an equilibrium that changes over time.
Term
Allee Effects
Definition
At low densities, individuals have difficulty finding mates, so growth rate decreases as population density decreases.
Term

Enviromental Stochasticity

 

Definition
Unpredictable changes in the enviroment that can cause extinction in a small population
Term
Cohort
Definition

Group of individuals born in the same peroid of time.

(same age)

Term
3 Types of Population Growth Models
Definition

Geometric Growth

Exponential Growth

Logistic Growth

 

Term
Geometric Growth
Definition
Population growth in nonoverlapping successive generations differ in size by constant ratio.
Term
Fission
Definition
Seperation of a parent into 2 or more individuals of the same size.
Term
Budding
Definition

New individuals arise from outgrowths of existing ones.

 

Term
Fragmentation
Definition
Breaking of body into pieces some or all of which develop into adults.
Term
Parthenogenesis
Definition
Development of a new individual from an unfertilized egg.
Term
Dioecious
Definition

Male and female are separate organisms

 

Term
Monoecious
Definition
Organism possesses male and female reproductive organs.
Term
Mutualism
Definition
Positive interactions between two species.
Term
Commensalism
Definition
One species benifits while the other is unharmed
Term
Amensalism
Definition
One species is negatively affected while the other is unaffected.
Term
Predation
Definition

One species benifits and the other is negatively affected.

(They Get Eated)

Term
Parasitism
Definition
One species lives on or inside a host species negatively affecting the host.
Term
Competitive Exclusion Principle
Definition
Two species competeing for the same limiting resource can't coexist in the same place.
Term
Batesian
Definition
A harmless species mimics a harmful species.
Term
Mullerian
Definition
Two or more unpalatable species resemble each other.
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