Term
|
Definition
| the study of interactions of organisms with other organisms with the physical environment |
|
|
Term
Any living organism is considered? Any nonliving element is considered? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Plants, bacteria, and protists are _________ that make their own food. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| We are _________ that get food from another source since we can't make food. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The number of individuals in an area is called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| __________ ____________ is the dispersal of individuals across an area. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A resource can be either a ______ or an _______ component in an area. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What are limiting factors? Give an example |
|
Definition
environmental aspects that determine where an organism lives light/water/space/mates/food |
|
|
Term
| T/F. Density independent factors are influenced by a population while a density dependent factor is not influenced by the # of individuals in a population. |
|
Definition
| FALSE, density independent factos ARE NOT influenced by the # of individuals whule a density dependent factor IS. |
|
|
Term
| Name 4 categories in which population distribution & growth are regulated by. |
|
Definition
1.Resources 2.Limiting factors 3.Density independent factor 4.Density dependent factor |
|
|
Term
| What are the 3 types of dispersion? |
|
Definition
1.Clumped 2.Random 3.Uniform |
|
|
Term
| Competition ______ population size. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Interspecific competition is between? Intraspecific competition is between? |
|
Definition
1.2 or more different species 2.between the same species |
|
|
Term
| What is is called when 2 species compete for the same resource and the less efficient one leaves or dies out? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cyclical predator/prey interaction means? |
|
Definition
| low # of prey leads to low # of predators which gives time for prey to build up------then predator bulds/prey lowers in a continuous cycle |
|
|
Term
| Cyclical interaction helps what two things? |
|
Definition
prevent competitive exclusion keeps populations strong by eating the weak and sick |
|
|
Term
| A population has reached its carrying capacity when? |
|
Definition
| when it is stabilized and has enough recources for population/environment |
|
|
Term
| Name the 4 stages when a new species in introduced into an environment. |
|
Definition
A-species introduced B-rapid growth occurs C-species is stabilized D-carrying capacity is reached |
|
|
Term
| Birth/death rates + Immigration/emmigration are what __________ ______ depends on. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In birth and death rates, a population will grow when? |
|
Definition
| the birth rate exceeds the death rate |
|
|
Term
| There are 50 births per year and 30 deaths per year and 1,000 organisms in that population, what is the percent of growth rate? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Maximum growth rate under ideal conditions is known as? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
A larger base from the 3 part diagram indicates? equal base indicates? smaller base? |
|
Definition
1.Increasing population 2.Stable population 3.Decreasing population |
|
|
Term
| In the 3 part diagram(with the 3 bases), what does each base represent from bottom to top? |
|
Definition
1.Pre reproductive 2.Reproductive 3.Post reproductive |
|
|
Term
| When does 0 population growth occur? |
|
Definition
| 2 generations only replace themselves |
|
|
Term
How many people are added to the world population per day? How often does the world population double? |
|
Definition
216,000 people Every 53 years |
|
|
Term
N America, Europe, Japan, Australia are what type of countries? Latin America, Africa, Asia are what type of countries? |
|
Definition
1.More developed countries 2.Less developed countries |
|
|
Term
| Name some characteristics(as much as you can) for MDC. |
|
Definition
.1% pop growth stabilizing high standard of living 18% world population use most resources -60% fossil fuel -80% metals -75% paper |
|
|
Term
| Name as much characteristics as you can about LDC. |
|
Definition
high pop growth, 1.6% rapid growth stage low standard of living 82% world population use few resources |
|
|
Term
| What is symbiosis? How many types are there? |
|
Definition
An intimate relationship between two or more species 3 types |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
When one organisms derives nourishment from another (one organism + one organim -) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
symbiotic relationshope between 2 organisms and on is benefited and the other is unaffected. [one is + other is U(unaffected)] |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
symbiotic relationship in which two species both benefit. (one is + other is +) |
|
|
Term
| A change involving a series of species replacements in a community following a disturbance is? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
which succession occurs in areas where there is no soil formation? which succession occurs where soil is present? |
|
Definition
Primary succession Secondary succession |
|
|
Term
| A tolerance curve measures? |
|
Definition
| how efficiently organisms perform under various conditions |
|
|
Term
What is acclimation? Example? |
|
Definition
adjusting tolerance levels to abiotic factors Going up to mountains where there's less oxygen and adjusting to it |
|
|
Term
| What is the difference between conformers and regulators? Which one are we? |
|
Definition
Conformers-do not regulate internal conditions, they change with their environment Regulators-use energy to control internal conditions We are regulators |
|
|
Term
| migration and dormancy would be used to do what? |
|
Definition
| escape from unsuitable conditions |
|
|
Term
| Give an example of dormancy. |
|
Definition
| hibernation/bacteria excreting capsule |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| shortened definition- the variety of living organisms in an ecosystem |
|
|
Term
| The more ____________ in an ecosystem the greater its stability. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name 4 aspects that are beneficial to biodiversity. |
|
Definition
| community stability, medicinal, agriculture, consumption value |
|
|
Term
| Name the 5 threats to biodiversity |
|
Definition
1.habitat loss and destruction 2.introduce non-native species-exotic species 3.pollution/contamination 4.disease 5.over exploitation |
|
|
Term
| The highest rate of habitat loss is in the? |
|
Definition
| rain forests and coral reefs |
|
|
Term
| The Kudzu vine is an example of? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| excess nutrients in water makes algae grow, when algae dies, decomposers break them down and use the oxygen in the lake and stops sunlight from coming in. |
|
|
Term
| a particular place where an rganism lives and reproduces is known as its? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What is an organism's niche? Why can't organisms share the same niche? |
|
Definition
the role it plays in its community in its habitat and its interactions with other organisms because of competitive exclusion |
|
|
Term
| What is the difference between a fundamental niche and a realized niche? |
|
Definition
| fundamental is the every range of conditions and resources a species can potentially use while a realized niche is what it actually uses |
|
|
Term
| a generalist species can? |
|
Definition
| live in more than one place, can tolerate a wide range of conditions and resources |
|
|
Term
| Specialist species have a narrow _____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When environment changes, __________ have a survival advantage over ___________. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The bottom of the food/energy pyramid are the? the levels above that are considered? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The 1st level consumer can be also known as the? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why are decomposers important? |
|
Definition
| because they break down dead organic matter and recycle it so the plants can get energy from it in the soil |
|
|
Term
In the energy pyramid, only __% of the energy is passed on from the previous level. How much is lost? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why does the Food/Energy pyramid have to be triangle shaped? |
|
Definition
| since you lose energy as you go up(getting smaller up), therefore you have to eat more to get energy to survive(base is bigger than top) |
|
|
Term
| Energy can be lost as what 3 things? |
|
Definition
heat organisms uses it unusable body parts are not eaten |
|
|
Term
| What is cynical fishing, and why is it bad? |
|
Definition
| it is when a poison called cyanide is used on fish to stun them, and sometimes the cyanide gets into the coral reef ecosystem and can severely damage the whole coral reef |
|
|
Term
What is the correct order from largest to smallest? population ecosystem biosphere community |
|
Definition
biosphere ecosystem community population |
|
|
Term
Why is the water cycle important? What is its resevoir? In the US what % of freshwater comes from ground water? |
|
Definition
All living things need water, and plants need it for photosynthesis. Its resevoir is in oceans, lakes, etc... 96% |
|
|
Term
What are 2 ways water goes off into the air? What % of water is actually used in the world? |
|
Definition
1.Transpiration 2.Evaporation 3.3% |
|
|
Term
Why is the nitrogen cycle important? What is its resevoir? How much % of nitrogen is in the atmosphere? |
|
Definition
It is important since nitrogen makes up our DNA/RNA Its resevoir is the atmosphere. 78-80% |
|
|
Term
What breaks down nitrogen? What gets it after it is broken down? How does it get from there back into the ground? |
|
Definition
bacteria plants animals eat it, and then die or go poop/pee |
|
|
Term
| Denitrifying bacteria does what in the nitrogen cycle? |
|
Definition
| can convert nitrates back into regular nitrogen |
|
|
Term
Why is the carbon cycle important? What is its resevoir? |
|
Definition
photosynthesis/,ales up organic molecules which makes up all living things Its resevoir is the atmosphere |
|
|
Term
| Where does most of the carbon come from?(2 things) |
|
Definition
| cellular respiration and the burning of fossil fuels |
|
|
Term
Why is the phosphorous cycle/mineral cycle important? What is its resevoir? |
|
Definition
Makes up DNA/RNA/ATP energy/phospholipid bilayer its resevoir is in the soil and rocks/minerals |
|
|
Term
Excess phosphorous in the water can lead to? |
|
Definition
|
|
