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| a group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring |
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| the environment in which a species normally ives or the location of a living organism |
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| a group of organisms of the same species who live in the same area at the same time |
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| a group of populations living and interacting with each other in an area |
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| a community and its abiotic environment |
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| the study of relationships between living organisms and between organisms and their environment |
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an organism that synthesizes its organic molecules from simple inorganic molecules
Ex: producers |
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an organism that obtains organic molecules from other organisms
Ex: consumers + decomposers |
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an organism that ingests other organic matter that is living or recently killed
Ex: primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary |
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| an organism that ingests non-living organic matter |
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| an organism that lives in or on non-living organic matter, secreting digestive enzymes into it and absorbing the products of digestion |
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| Explain the energy flow in a food chain |
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Definition
| Energy losses between trophic levels include material not consumed or material not assimilated, and heat is lost through cell respiration |
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| Energy transformations are never...? |
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Definition
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| What is a pyramid of energy? |
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Definition
- shows the flow of energy from one trophic level to the next in a community
- energy measured in kJ m-2 yr-1
- 10% loss of energy going up to the trophic levels
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| Saprotrophic bacteria and fungi (decomposers) do what to nutrients? |
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Definition
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| Energy enters and exits an ecosystem but nutrients must be...? |
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| shows how food chains are linked together into more complex feeding relationships |
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Definition
shows a simple linear flow of who eats whom and therefore, the energy and matter flowing through the links in the chain
bluegrass --> grasshopper --> field mice --> hawk |
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| the trophic level of an organism defines the feeding relationship of that organism to other organisms |
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a biological process...
- formation of soil
- recycling of nutrients stored in organic matter
- reduction of high energy C compounds
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