Term
|
Definition
| L-dopa/carbidopa, bromocriptine, pramipexole, ropinirole, amantadine |
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|
Term
| MAO inhibitor (for Parkinson tx) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| antimuscarinics (for parkinson tx) |
|
Definition
| benztropine - improves tremor and rigidity but has little effect on bradykinesia |
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|
Term
| COMT inhibitors (parkinsons tx) |
|
Definition
| Entacapone, Tolcapone (adjunct to levodopa) |
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Term
| L-dopa (levodopa)/Carbidopa MOA |
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Definition
| increase level of dopamine in brain. Parkinsonism thought to be due to loss of dopaminergic neurons and excess cholingeric function. Unlike dopamine, L-dopa can cross BBB and is converted by dopa decarboxylase in the CNS to dopamine. |
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|
Term
| L-dopa (levodopa)/Carbidopa toxicity |
|
Definition
| arrhythmias from peripheral conversion to dopamine. Carbidopa, a peripheral decarboxylase inhibitor, is given with L-dopa in order to increase the bioavailability of L-dopa in the brain and to limit peripheral side effects. dyskinesias also occur. |
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|
Term
| Selegiline (deprenyl) MOA and use |
|
Definition
MOA - selectively inhibits MAO-B, thereby increasing the availability of dopamine.
Use - adjunctive agent to L-dopa in treatment of Parkinson's disease. |
|
|
Term
| Selegiline (deprenyl) toxicity |
|
Definition
| may enhance adverse effects of L-dopa |
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Term
|
Definition
MOA - serotonin agonist. t1/2 < 2 hours.
Use - acute migrane, cluster headache attacks. |
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Term
|
Definition
| chest discomfort, mild tingling. Contraindicated in patients with CAD or Prinzmetal's angina. |
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Term
|
Definition
| increase Na channel inactivation. Use - simple, complex, tonic-clonic and status |
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|
Term
| Carbamazepine MOA and use |
|
Definition
| increase Na channel inactivation. Use - simple, complex, tonic-clonic. |
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Term
|
Definition
| blocks voltage gated Na channels. Use - simple, complex, tonic-clonic |
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Term
|
Definition
| increase GABA release. Use - simple, complex, and tonic-clonic. |
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Term
|
Definition
| blocks Na channels, increases GABA action. Use - simple and complex |
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|
Term
| Phenobarbital MOA and use |
|
Definition
| increases GABA (A) action. Use - simple, complex and tonic-clonic |
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Term
|
Definition
| increases Na channel inactivation and increases GABA concentration. Use - tonic-clonic and absence |
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Term
|
Definition
| blocks thalamic T-type Ca channels. Use - absence |
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|
Term
| Diazepam or Lorazepam MOA and use |
|
Definition
| increase GABA (A) action. use for status |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| sedation, tolerance, dependence |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| diplopia, ataxia, induction of cytocrome P-450, blood dyscrasias (agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia), liver toxicity (always check LFTs) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| GI distress, lethargy, headache, urticaria, Steven-Johnson syndrome. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| sedation, induction of cytochrome P-450, tolerance, dependence |
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Term
|
Definition
| nystagmus, diplopia, ataxia, sedation, gingival hyperplasia, hirsutism, anemias, birth defects (teratogenic) |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| GI distress, rare but fatal hepatotoxicity (measure LFTs), neural tube defects in fetus (spina bifida) |
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Term
|
Definition
| life-threatening rash, Stevens-Johnson syndrome |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sedation, movement disorders |
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Term
|
Definition
| sedation, mental dulling, kidney stones, weight loss |
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