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Emb Limitations
American eagle embraer limitations
143
Aviation
Professional
02/12/2012

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Cards

Term
Required Flight Crew?
Definition
  • Pilot (Captain) 
  • Co-pilot (First Officer)
Term
This aircraft meets the airworthiness requirements of what FAR Parts?
Definition
Parts 25 and 36
Term
This aircraft is approved to fly under what conditions?
Definition
  • Day and Night 
  • VFR and IFR 
  • Icing Conditions
  • RVSM
Term
Between what altitudes is RVSM?
Definition
FL290 to FL 410
Term
What equipment must be operational to be RVSM capable?
Definition
  • Autopilot with Altitude Hold Mode
  • Altitude alerting system
  • 1 Altitude reporting transponder
  • 2 Primary altimeters (on PFDs)
Term
Maximum cabin differential pressure?
Definition
8.1 psi
Term
Maximum cabin differential pressure in auto mode?
Definition
7.8 psi
Term
Maximum cabin negative differential pressure?
Definition
-0.3 psi
Term
Maximum operating altitude after an inflight depressurization?
Definition

10,000 ft MSL

*Unless MEA or other constraints require a higher altitude

Term
Maximum operating altitude when dispatched for unpressurized flight?
Definition
10,000 ft. MSL
Term
When airspeed limitations are given in KIAS and Mach number, What is the limiting value?
Definition
The lower of the two
Term
Maximum operating allowable airspeed (VMO/MMO)?
Definition
320 KIAS /.78 Mach
Term
Maximum operating airspeed between 8,000 and 10,000 ft. MSL?
Definition

Red line

*Vmo/Mmo increase linearly from 250 KIAS At 8,000 ft. to 320 KIAS At 10,000 ft.

Term
Maximum operating airspeed up to 8,000 and 10,000 ft. MSL?
Definition
250 KIAS
Term
Maximum turbulence penetration airspeed? (VB/MB)
Definition
  • 250 KIAS or .63 Mach
  • 200 KIAS at or below 10,000 ft
Term
Maximum maneuvering airspeed? (VA)
Definition

200 KIAS.

*Full application of rudder and ailerons, and maneuvers involving angle of attack near stall, must be confined to speeds below VA

Term
Maximum landing gear extension airspeed? (VLOE)
Definition
250 KIAS.
Term
Maximum landing gear extended airspeed? (VLE)
Definition
250 KIAS.
Term
Maximum landing gear retraction airspeed? (VLOR)
Definition
200 KIAS.
Term
Maximum flap placard airspeeds for 9, 22, and 45 degrees (Vfe)?
Definition
  • 9: 250 KIAS
  • 22: 200 KIAS
  • 45: 145 KIAS.
    • Momentary excursions due to wind gusts or turbulence are allowed up to 155 KIAS
    • Steady state operations over 145 KIAS is not allowed and must be entered into the AML.
Term
Maximum wiper operating airspeed?
Definition
160 KIAS.
Term
Maximum operating altitude?
Definition
37,000 ft MSL.
Term
Maximum takeoff and landing pressure altitude?
Definition
8,000 ft MSL.
Term
Minimum takeoff and landing pressure altitude?
Definition
-1,000 ft MSL.
Term
Minimum takeoff and landing temperature limit?
Definition
-40C SAT
Term
What must be done after landing below -40C SAT?
Definition
The aircraft may not takeoff without further MTX inspection
Term
Maximum takeoff and landing temperature (-1,000 ft. pressure alt)?
Definition
52C SAT.
Term
Maximum takeoff and landing temperature (8,000 ft. pressure altitude)?
Definition
34C SAT.
Term
Minimum TAT above FL250?
Definition
-45C TAT.
Term
Minimum SAT at 37,000 ft?
Definition
-65C SAT
Term
Definition of icing conditions for ground and takeoff?
Definition
  • Icing conditions exist when OAT is 10C or below and visible moisture exists such as clouds, fog with visibility < 1 mile, rain, sleet, snow or ice crystals.
  • Icing conditions also exist when OAT is 10C or below when operating on ramps, taxiways or runways where standing water, slush, snow, or ice may be ingested by the engines, or freeze on engines, nacelles or engine sensor probes.
Term
Definition of icing conditions in flight?
Definition
Icing conditions exist whenever TAT is 10 deg. C or below and visible moisture exists such as clouds, fog with visibility < 1, rain, sleet, snow, or ice crystals.
Term
When is the crew responsible to activate the anti-ice system manually?
Definition
Notwithstanding ice detector monitoring, the crew remains responsible for monitoring icing conditions and for manual activation of the ice protection system if icing conditions are present and the ice detection system is not activating the ice protection system.
Term
Minimum and Maximum temperature for manual anti-icing operation?
Definition

-40C. to 10C. SAT for ground and TAT for flight.

*There is no temperature limit for automatic anti-icing system operation

Term
When is takeoff prohibited as it concerns icing conditions?
Definition

When frost, slush, snow, ice is adhering to the: wings, control surfaces, stabilizers, pitot static ports or AOA vanes.

*Takeoff with frost on the fuel tank under wing surfaces is permitted, provided it does not exceed 1/8th inch.

Term
When is a runway considered contaminated?
Definition

When more than 25% of the required field length, within the width being used, is covered by:

  • More than 1/8th inch (3 mm) of:
    • Standing water
    • Slush
    • Wet snow
  • More than 3/4 inches (19 mm) of dry snow
  • Compacted snow
  • Ice
Term
If the runway is contaminated, what limitations apply?
Definition

The Automated Performance Analyst procedures must be applied.

*Found in AOM Vol.1 Performance section

Term
What is a pre-takeoff tactile check?
Definition
Feeling the leading edge and upper surface of the wing
Term
When is a pre-takeoff tactile check required?
Definition
  • When the holdover time is exceeded.
  • Also whenever OAT is 5°C or below and:
    • There's visible moisture; or
    • Water on the wing; or
    • Difference between the dew point and the OAT is 3°C or less; or
    • The atmospheric conditions have been conducive to frost formation
Term
Minimum altitude for autopilot during a CAT 1 ILS approach?
Definition
200 ft AGL.
Term
Minimum height for autopilot engagement after takeoff?
Definition
500 ft AGL.
Term
Can you descend below MDA on a non-precision approach with autopilot engaged is?
Definition
No
Term
Can you couple the autopilot to a single engine go-around?
Definition
No
Term
During localizer capture, when is approach mode selection allowed?
Definition
When the aircraft is inbound.
Term
A coupled go-around height loss up to how many feet is authorized with the autopilot engaged?
Definition
75 ft.
Term
What is required by the FAA AD concerning the localizer and glide slope?
Definition
  • When crossing the Outer Marker on glideslope, the altitude must be verified with the published procedure.
  • With 1 operating glideslope receiver, the approach may be flown to Localizer Only MDA.
  • With 2 operating glideslope receivers, approach can be flown to published minimums if:
    • Both receivers are tuned to the approach; and
    • Both crew members are monitoring the approach using independent data and displays.
Term
When is yaw damper operation not authorized?
Definition
  • Takeoff to 500 ft. AFL
  • Landing
Term
APU maximum operation altitude?
Definition
37,000 ft.
Term
APU maximum altitude for start?
Definition
30,000 ft.
Term
APU maximum start EGT?
Definition
884C.
Term
APU maximum continuous EGT?
Definition
680C
Term
APU maximum rotor speed?
Definition
104%.
Term
APU minimum start temperature
Definition
-54C.
Term
APU minimum battery temperature for start?
Definition
-20C
Term
The APU continuous EGT may be exceeded up to how many degrees for how many minutes.
Definition
717C for 5 minutes
Term
The APU will automatically shut down at what percentage rotor speed?
Definition
104%.
Term
What is the APU starter limit cooling period?
Definition
  • Between 3 consecutive attempts: 1 min. OFF
  • Between 2 series of 3 consecutive attempts:30 min. OFF
Term
If the AHRS is in the initialization mode and attitude and heading information is not yet displayed on the PFD, what limitation must be observed?
Definition
The aircraft must not be moved.
Term
Can the aircraft be operated anywhere on the planet?
Definition

No. The aircraft may not be operated within the North and South Magnetic Polar cut-out Regions of 70°N and 60°S.

*Remember North is "above" South

Term
What must happen before the AHRS-900 will complete its alignment?
Definition
It must receive a valid position (latitude and longitude).
Term
Can the terrain awareness display feature of the EGPWS be used for navigation?
Definition
No.
Term
May a pilot deviate from their current Air Traffic Control (ATC) clearance to the extent necessary to comply with an EGPWS warning?
Definition
Yes.
Term
Does the EGPWS database include manmade obstructions?
Definition
No.
Term
When should a pilot inhibit the terrain awareness alerting and display feature of the EGPWS?
Definition

First select TERR/OVRD when:

  • The FMS is in dead reckoning mode.
  • The airport is not in the database
  • Before takeoff or landing within 15 NM of an airport with:
    • A runway less than 3,500 ft.; or
    • No Instrument Approach Procedure.
Term
What should a pilot do if the terrain alerting display sweeping movement is frozen?
Definition
The MFD terrain indication must be deselected on MFD bezel panel.
Term
Maximum load on a main generator?
Definition
400 A.
Term
Maximum load on the APU generator?
Definition
  • 300A Above 30,000 ft
  • 400A Below 30,000 ft
Term
Maximum battery temperature?
Definition
70C
Term
Minimum battery temperature for APU start?
Definition
-20C.
Term
If you are taking off in an EMB 135 or 140 aircraft, which takeoff modes require ATTCS to be armed?
Definition
ALT T/O-1 and T/O
Term
If you are taking off in an EMB 145 aircraft, which takeoff modes require ATTCS to be armed?
Definition
ALT T/O-1.
Term
After landing or high power runs how long should an engine be run at idle or taxi thrust before shutdown?
Definition
1 minute
Term
Minimum dispatch engine oil quantity?
Definition
  • 8 quarts before start
  • 7 quarts after start
Term
What engine is installed in the EMB 145?
Definition
AE3007A1.
Term
What engine is installed in the EMB 135 and 140?
Definition
AE3007A1/3.
Term
Engine Operating Limits for ALT T/O-1, T/O-1, T/O, and T/O RSV (5 min. limit)?
Definition
  • 948C ITT
  • 100% N1
  • 57%-102.4% N2
Term
Engine Operating Limits Max Contiuous Thrust (OEI or Emergency only)?
Definition
  • 900C ITT
  • 100% N1
  • 57%-102.4% N2
Term
Engine Operating Limit for Engine Start?
Definition
800C ITT
Term
For the purpose of the engine warm up period, an engine is considered cold if it has been shutdown for how many minutes?
Definition
90 minutes.
Term
How many minutes should a cold engine be run at idle or taxi thrust prior to selecting takeoff thrust?
Definition
4 minutes.
Term
How many minutes should a warm engine be run at idle or taxi thrust prior to selecting takeoff thrust?
Definition
2 minutes.
Term
Minimum oil temperature to exceed 83% N2?
Definition
40C.
Term
In lieu of the minimum oil temperature limit it is acceptable to: Run the engine at idle or taxi thrust for at least ____ minutes prior to increasing N2 above 83%
Definition
8 minutes.
Term
In stead of waiting 8 minutes, in lieu of the minimum oil temperature limit, it is ALSO acceptable to?
Definition

In addition to the minimum warm up time (2 or 4 minutes);

  • Advance thrust levers 88% N2; and
  • Ensure oil pressure is 83 psi or less
  • Release the brakes and set thrust.
Term
Limitations for operating an engine with an oil pressure in the amber range?
Definition
  • No more than 2 minutes between 115 and 155 psi.
  • No more than 5 minutes total in the amber range.
Term
Minimum oil temperature for engine starting?
Definition
-40C.
Term
Minimum oil temperature for engine takeoff?
Definition
40C.
Term
Time limits for dry motoring?
Definition
5 minutes ON, 5 minutes OFF
Term
On the ground, what are the time limits for the first 4 engine start cycles?
Definition
1 minute ON, 1 minute OFF
Term
On the ground, after the first four engine start cycles, what are the time limits for following engine start cycles?
Definition
1 minute ON, 5 minutes OFF
Term
In flight, what is the maximum continuous starter operation time?
Definition

5 minutes ON.

*No cool down time is required 

Term
Maximum altitude for flap extension?
Definition
20,000 ft.
Term
Flap configuration for takeoff?
Definition
Flaps 9.
Term
Gust lock limitation?
Definition

Every time the gust lock is unlocked, it must be checked by: 

  • Fully unlocking the gust lever
  • No sooner than 10 seconds later, move the Control column full:
    • Up
    • Down
    • Up 
Term
Maximum airspeed after takeoff during climb without re-trimming?
Definition
160 KIAS.
Term
Maximum duration of ISIS when operating on batteries?
Definition
  • 40 minutes
  • 45 minutes if Pitot 3 is turned off when not in icing conditions
Term
During FMS navigation,what manual must be immediately available to the flight crew?
Definition
The FMS Operating Manual
Term
Is PVOR outbound function authorized?
Definition
No.
Term
If flying to an airport where GPS stand-alone is the intended and only suitable approach, what must the flight crew verify prior to dispatch?
Definition
Predictive RAIM at the destination ETA +/- 15 minutes
Term
When navigating with FMS and an alternate airport is required, that airport must have what?
Definition
An approach other than GPS. The navaids and aircraft equipment must be operational and capable.
Term
What FMS line operations are authorized?
Definition
  • SIDs
  • Enroute
  • STARs
  • Approach transitions
  • Intermediate segments
  • Final segments (for enabled approaches only)
  • Missed approach segments
Term
When the FMS is in the dead reckoning mode, can you use it for instrument approaches?
Definition
No.
Term
How should the pilot ensure that the correct procedure and transition is selected prior to activation?
Definition
The pilot must compare the way points and altitudes on the FMS with the ones on the published procedure.
Term
What PFD annunciations must be displayed at the final approach fix?
Definition
  • Blue APP annunciator; and
  • Amber INTEG annunciator
Term
When using the FMS for approaches that DON'T have "GPS" in the title, what must be done?
Definition
  • The navaids and equipment are operational
  • Conventional NAV on PM's PFD
Term
Should a pilot retrieve a message from the FMS CDU once the aircraft is fully configured for an FMS approach?
Definition
No.
Term
Where should a pilot look to be advised of a loss of RAIM or a loss of required approach scaling tolerances?
Definition
Local alerts on the PFD.
Term
Which types of approaches are prohibited to be flown using FMS guidance?
Definition
  • ILS
  • LDA
  • SDF
  • MLS

*Transition segments to an ILS can be flown using FMS guidance

Term
What must a pilot check for accuracy before using the FMS for enroute or terminal navigation?
Definition
  • The database is current; and
  • All waypoints for accuracy

*If the database is expired an AML entry is required.

Term
Are pilot defined approaches authorized?
Definition
No.
Term
Should a pilot rely on FMS information to determine fuel flow and fuel used?
Definition
No they are supplementary. The MFD and EICAS are primary.
Term
What kind of geographic limits to using the FMS?
Definition
  • Oceanic navigation in DR mode.
  • Non-precision approaches in countries within FAA jurisdiction.
  • 70N and 60S latitudes.
Term
What is the proper way to sequence the missed approach segment in the FMS?
Definition

The go-around buttons on the thrust levers

*Using the CDU Mode Select Buttons is prohibited.

Term
Should a pilot rely on FMS VNAV information for altitude reference?
Definition
No. VNAV is advisory only, altimeter is primary source.
Term
Can a pilot couple the autopilot to an FMS approach?
Definition
Lateral guidance only. The flight guidance controller can be used for vertical control. 
Term
What are the acceptable fuels to be used?
Definition
  • JET A
  • JET A-1
  • JP8
  • Brazilian QAV1
Term
If fuel does not contain an icing inhibitor, the temperature of fuel leaving FCOC must be above what?
Definition
4C.
Term
XFEED shall be ______ during takeoff and landing during normal operations.
Definition
OFF.
Term
Maximum fuel imbalance?
Definition
800 lbs.
Term
Total fuel quantity?
Definition
11,100 lbs.
Term
Total unusable fuel quantity?
Definition
78 lbs.
Term
When an electric fuel pump is inoperative, how much is usable fuel decreased?
Definition
365 lbs
Term
If fuel is indicated to the pilot is it considered usable?
Definition
Yes.
Term
When pressure refueling, how much is total wing tank capacity reduced?
Definition
13.2 US gal.
Term
Acceptable pressure for re-fueling?
Definition
35-50 psi.
Term
Acceptable fuel tank temperature?
Definition
-40°C to 52°C
Term
Holding Configuration?
Definition
  • Landing gear - UP
  • Flaps - UP
  • Airspeed 200 KIAS min in Icing conditions
    • Non-icing conditions, see the EMB Performance Manual
Term
What should the pilot consult when operating with secondary airframe or engine parts missing?
Definition
  • AOM Vol 1; and/or
  • CDL
Term
When should a pilot use the Direct Vision windows?
Definition
In an emergency.
Term
When should the pilot NOT operate the radar?
Definition
  • During refueling
  • Near fuel spills
  • Near people
Term
May thrust reversers be used for power-back or during taxi?
Definition
No.
Term
When MAY thrust reversers (IDLE) be used?
Definition
  • Dry runways 7,000 ft. or less
  • Wet runways when braking action is reported as "Good"
Term
When MUST thrust reversers (MAX) be used?
Definition
  • When stopping distance is deemed critical to prevent a runway excursion
  • Braking action reported as "Fair" or "Poor"
    • Unless the landing distance penalty is applied [Flip Cards]
Term
May thrust reversers be used in the intermediate range between IDLE and MAX?
Definition
No.
Term
Is reverse thrust authorized for use in an emergency to prevent a runway excursion?
Definition
Yes.
Term
After reverse thrust has been initiated is the pilot committed to continue the landing?
Definition
Yes
Term
How many crewmembers are required to be in the cockpit during all phases of flight?
Definition

2.

  • If one of the pilots leaves, they must be replaced by another crewmember.
  • Positive ID must be obtained
  • The security cockpit door must be locked and closed at all times during flight except to permit access and egress.
Term
When are circling approaches not authorized?
Definition
Weather less than 1,000 and 3
Term
Max demonstrated crosswind?
Definition
30 knots 
Term
Flight Maneuvering Load Acceleration Limits?
Definition
  • Flaps up +2.50g to -1.0g
  • Flaps down +2.0g to 0g
Term
Runway surface type?
Definition
Paved.
Term
Runway slope?
Definition
Takeoff and landing +2% to -2%.
Term
Maximum tailwind component?
Definition
10 kts.
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