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Embryology Histology Chp 12
Dentin
20
Biology
Undergraduate 3
11/12/2009

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Cards

Term

1.      What is enamel and are its major features?

Definition

crystalline material that is hardest calcified tissue in the body.

Features are: avascular, nonvital, can undergo mineralization changes,96% inorganic 1% organic 3% water

Term

State its major component and its chemical formula.

Definition

Calcium Hydroxyapatite Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2

Structure consists of calcium surrounded by phosphate and hydroxy groups

Term

List the other minerals in enamel.

Definition
carbonate, magnesium, potassium, fluoride
Term

Where is enamel located on the mature tooth?

Definition
clinically on the anatomic crown
Term

Discuss the coloration of enamel in relationship to dentin and cementum, as well as its radiographic appearance.

Definition
enamel is white color compared to dentin and cementum which is a yellowish color. On radiographs the enamel is radiopaque and the pulp and dentin is more radiolucent
Term

Discuss attrition, erosion, caries, and abfraction and how they are related to the enamel.

Definition
attrition: tooth on tooth erosion: chemical destroying abrasion: toothbrush on tooth caries: bacterial producing acid abfracion: forces due to occlusal issues.
Term

What is amelogenesis, and during what stage of tooth development does it occur?

Definition
the process of enamel matrix. Apposition stage
Term

What produces enamel, and in what form?

Definition
ameloblasts, enamel matrix. Tomes process secretes ameloblasts
Term

Describe the antomy of the ameloblast.

Definition
columnar cells made from ectoderm 4 micrometers in diametes and 40 in length
Term

What is an ameloblast derived from, and what type of product does it produce?

Definition
ectoderm - Inner enamel epithelium - produce enamel matrix
Term

Discuss enamel pearls and enamel dysplasia.

Definition

misplaced ameloblasts forming near bifurcated roots.

enamel dysplasia - faulty development of enamel

Term

Explain the protection given by enamel sealants and the role of pits and grooves in the formation of caries.

Definition
pits and grooves attract biofilm and bacteria sealants cover those areas
Term

Why does the polishing agent used on the enamel surface make a difference?

Definition
removes stain. Helps enamel stay healthy by not being abrasive
Term

How does the process of the maturation of enamel occur?

Definition
ameloblasts actively pump calcium hydroxy apatite withdrawing organic materials. 1st wave happens at occlusion 2nd wave laps over and moves cervically
Term

What is the reduced enamel epithelium, and how is it formed?

Definition
ameloblasts become REE after apposition and maturation of enamel. Ree fuses with mucosa creating a canal for tooth to come through. ameloblasts are disintegrated when this happens
Term

Discuss fluoride and its significance in relationship to the enamel.

Definition
fluoride remineralizes enamel
Term

What are the componets of mature enamel?

Definition
enamel Rods, interprismic region
Term

Discuss the dentinoenamel junction, lines of Retizius, imbrication lines, and perikymata.

Definition
1. between mature enamel and denton used to be basement membrane most pronounced on chewing surfaces where occlusal force is greatest. 2. Bands of cross striations of enamel. 3. lines formed when working and inactive
Term

Explain the neonatal line, enamel spindles, enamel tufts, and enamel lamellae.

Definition

1. accentuated line of retzius formed during trama of birth.

2. short dentinal tubules

3. less areas of mineralization in inner 1/3 of enamel

4. partially calcified vertical sheets

Term

Discuss the considerations for the enamel during cavity preparation and whitening of the teeth.

Definition
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