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EMT-B Brockway Test Questions
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285
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04/01/2012
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Term
Which of the following statements regarding a pediatric patient's anatomy is correct?
 Definition
Children have a larger, rounder occiput compared to adults
Term
Pale skin in a child indicates that the:
 Definition
blood vessels near the skin are constricted
Term
An infant's fontanels should close completely by the time (s)he is
 Definition
18 months old
Term
The MOST common cause of dehydration in childern is:
 Definition
vomiting and diarrhea
Term
The EMT-B should be MOST concerned when a child presents with a fever and:
 Definition
a rash
Term
Febril seizures are MOST common in children beween:
 Definition
6 months and 6 years of age
Term
Greenstick fractures occur in infants and children because:
 Definition
their bones bend more easily than an adult's
Term
Critical burns in children include:
 Definition
partial-thickness burns covering more than 20% of the body surface
Term
Brusing to the _____ is LEAST suggestive of child abuse
 Definition
shins
Term
Death caused by shaken baby syndrome is usually the result of
 Definition
intracranial bleeding
Term
The components of the pediatric assessment triangle are
 Definition
apperance, work of breathing, and skin circulation
Term
Before assessing the respiratory adequacy of an unconscious infant or child, you must
 Definition
ensure that the airway is patent and clear of obstruction
Term
When assessing the heart rate of a 6-month-old infant, you should palpate the brachial or ____ artery
 Definition
femoral
Term
When assessing an infant's ventilation status, you should
 Definition
observe the abdomen for rise and fall
Term
When ventilating a pediatric patient with a bag-valve mask device, the EMT-B should
 Definition
block the pop-off valve if needed to achieve adequate chest rise
Term
A viral infection that may cause obstruction of the upper airway in a child is called
 Definition
croup
Term
Which of the following statements regrading airway obstructions in children is MOST correct
 Definition
Finger sweeps are indicated only if you can visualize the foriegn body
Term
Before positioning an infant's or child's airway, you should
 Definition
place him or her on a firm surface
Term
An oropharyngeal should not be used in children who have ingested a caustic or petroleum-based product because it may
 Definition
cause the child to vomit
Term
When immobilizing an injured child ina pediatric immoblization device, you should
 Definition
secure the torso before the head
Term
A child who has no recent history of illness suddenly appears cyanotic and cannot speak after playing with a small toy. You should:
 Definition
perform abdominal thrusts
Term
The MOST ominous sign of impending cardiopulmonary arrest in infants and children is:
 Definition
brachycardia
Term
Children younger than ____ year(s) of age should be in a rear-facing car seat when being transported
 Definition
1
Term
Drawing in of the muscles between the ribs or of the sternum during inspiration is called
 Definition
retracting
Term
After __ minutes without oxygen, some brain damage is almost certain
 Definition
6
Term
What is the minimum number of chest compressions that should be delivered per minute to a 4-month-old infant
 Definition
100
Term
Obtaining continuing medical education is the responsibilty of the:
 Definition
individual EMT-B
Term
When caring for the patients of a child who has died of leukemia, the EMT-B should
 Definition
acknowledge the death of their child in private
Term
Critical incident stress debriefing (CISD) is a program used to
 Definition
reduce anxiety from stressful job-related incidents
Term
Common sign and symptoms of hepititis inculde all of the following, EXCEPT:
 Definition
weight gain
Term
High fever, headache, and a stiff neck are common signs of
 Definition
meningitis
Term
When treating a patient who is trapped in a vechile and covered with broken glass, it is BEST to wear
 Definition
a single thick pair of puncture-proof gloves
Term
While assisting an advanced life support (ALS) crew, you are accidentlly stuck with an IV needle. You should:
 Definition
immediatly report the incident to your supervisor
Term
When performing his/her duties, the EMT-B is generally expected to
 Definition
exercise resonable care and act prudently
Term
Which of the following MOST accuratelt defines negligence?
 Definition
Deviation from the standard of care that may result in further injury
Term
You suspect that a 16-year-old girl has a broken leg after she was hit be a car. You explain that you plan to spilt her leg, and she agrees to treatment. What type of consent is her agreement considered?
 Definition
Expressed
Term
What section of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPPA) MOST affects EMS personnel?
 Definition
Protecting patient privacy
Term
In relation to the wrist, the elbow is:
 Definition
proximal
Term
In relation to the chest, the back is
 Definition
posterior
Term
The cervical spine is composed of _ vertebrae
 Definition
7
Term
The most superior portion of the sternum is called the
 Definition
manubrium
Term
The bones of the forearm are called the
 Definition
radius and ulna
Term
The heart muscle is called the
 Definition
myocardium
Term
Which of following vessels carry blood away from the heart?
 Definition
Pulmonary artery
Term
Hemoglobin is a molecule that attaches to the ___ and carries oxygen
 Definition
erythrocyte
Term
The average adult has approximately ___L of blood in his/her body
 Definition
6
Term
The largest portion of the brain, which is commonly referred to as the "gray matter," is called the
 Definition
cerebrum
Term
The primary organ responsible for absorption of the products of digestion is the
 Definition
small intestine
Term
Which of the following questions is used to determine a patient's chief complaint
 Definition
"What seems to be the matter?"
Term
Which of the following patient responses would establish the "E" in the SAMPLE history?
 Definition
"I was moving the lawn when the pain began"
Term
The pulse osimeter is an assessment tool used to evaluate the
 Definition
effectiveness of oxygenation
Term
Normal skin color, temperature, and condition should be
 Definition
pink, warm, and dry
Term
A patient with profuse sweating is referred to as being
 Definition
diaphoretic
Term
You can auscultate a patient's blood pressure by
 Definition
deflating a blood pressure cuff while listening with a stethoscope to the return of blood flow through the brachial artery
Term
When you inspect a patien's pupils with a penlight, the pupils should normally react to the light by
 Definition
constricting
Term
An elderly patient has fallen and hit her head. You assess her level of conciousness as unresponsive using the AVPU scale. Your intial care should focus on
 Definition
airway, breathing, and circulation
Term
The FIRST rule of safe lifting is to
 Definition
Keep your back in a straight, vertical position
Term
The MOST serious consequence of a poorly planned or rushed patient move is
 Definition
injury to you or your patient
Term
The ____ cartilage is a firm ring that forms the inferior part of the larynx
 Definition
cricoid
Term
In contrast to inhalation, exhalation
 Definition
is a passive process causd by increased intrathoracic pressure
Term
Which of the following structures is NOT found in the upper airway?
 Definition
Bronchus
Term
The goal of the intial assessment is to
 Definition
identify and rapidly treat all life-threating conditions
Term
If a pulse cannot be palpated at the radial artery, you should
 Definition
assess the carotid pulse
Term
External bleeding from an extermity can usually be controlled by a combination of
 Definition
direct pressure and elevation
Term
When assessing a conscious medical patient, the main purpose of the focused history is to
 Definition
obtain information regarding the patient's present illness
Term
When relaying patient information via radio, communications should be:
 Definition
brief and organized
Term
Calming and reassuring an anxious patient can be facilitated by
 Definition
maintaining eye contact with the patient whenever possible
Term
The ____ of medication determines the route by which it will be administered
 Definition
form
Term
Advil, Nuprin, and Motrin are brand (trade) names for
 Definition
ibuprofen
Term
A 49-year-old male with extensive cardiac history presents with 2 hours of crushing chest pain and shortness of breath.....In addition to administering 100% oxygen, you should
 Definition
ask him if he took his Viagra withing the past 24 hours
Term
Harsh, high-pitched inspiratory sounds are MOST characterestic of
 Definition
stridor
Term
Common signs & sympotomes of acute hypervenilation syndrome include
 Definition
tachypnea and tingling in the extremities
Term
Albuterol is a generic name for
 Definition
Proventil
Term
You are dispatched to an apartment complex where a 21-year-old female has apparently overdosed on several narotic medications. She is semiconscious and has slow, shallow respriations. You should
 Definition
insert a nasopharyngeal airway and begin assisted ventilation
Term
Deoxygenated blood from the body returns to the:
 Definition
right atrium
Term
Angina pectoris occurs when
 Definition
myocardial oxygen demand exceeds the supply
Term
Your EMS team is performing CPR on a 60-year-old male in cardiac arrest. You connect the AED, push the analyze button, and recieve a "no shock advised" message. Your MOST apporiate action should be to
 Definition
determine if a palpable pulse is present
Term
Interruption of cerebral blood flow may result from all of the following EXCPEPT:
 Definition
cerbral vasodilation
Term
When assessing arm movement of a patient with a suspected stroke, you should:
 Definition
ask the patient to close his/her eyes during the assessment
Term
Pain felt at a locatuib other than the orgin is called
 Definition
referred pain
Term
When assessing a patient with a right lower quadrant pain, you should first palpate the
 Definition
left upper quadrant
Term
The MOST appropriate treatment for a patient with severe abdominal pain and signs of shock includes
 Definition
transporting the patient without delay
Term
Diabetic ketoacidosis occurs when
 Definition
insulin is not available in the body
Term
Insulin shock will MOST likely develop if a patient
 Definition
Takes too much of his/her prescribed insulin
Term
Classic signs & sympotoms of hyperglycemia include
 Definition
cool, clammy skin; weakness; tachycardia; rapid respiration
Term
A 19-year-old male complains of "not feeling right." His insulin and syringe are on nearbly table.He took his insulin but doesn't remember if he ate. In addition to giving oxygen...
 Definition
contact medical control and admister oral glucose
Term
The two MOST common signs of anaphylaxis are
 Definition
wheezing and diffuse urticaria
Term
Common side effects of epinephrine include all of the following EXCEPT
 Definition
drowsiness
Term
A 40-year-old male was stung by a bee and is having obvious signs of a severe allergic reaction...The physicain will MOST likely advise you to
 Definition
inject 0.3 mL of epinephrine 1:1,000 SC
Term
Heroin is an example of a/an
 Definition
opioid
Term
Syrup of ipecac is no longer recommended to treat patients who have ingested a poisonous sustance because it
 Definition
may result in aspiration of vomitus
Term
The MOST commonly abused drug in the US is
 Definition
alcohol
Term
A 49-year-old male presents with confusion, sweating and visual hallucinations. The patient's wife tell you he is a "heavy drinker" and she thinks he had a siezure...This patient is MOST like experiencing
 Definition
Delirium tremens (DTs)
Term
Hypothermai occurs when the core body temperature falls below
 Definition
95 degrees F
Term
Covering a patients ____ will significantly minimize radiation heat loss
 Definition
head
Term
The two MOST efficient ways for the body to elimate excess heat are
 Definition
sweating and vessel dilation
Term
An air embolism associated with diving occurs when
 Definition
the driver holds his/her breath during a rapid ascent
Term
In contrast to the brown recluse spider, the black widow spider
 Definition
is large and has a red-orange hourglass mark in its abdomen
Term
All of the following snakes are pit vipers, EXCEPT for then
 Definition
coral snake
Term
A patient complians of a rash to her lower extermities and truncal area. Your assessment reveals a small, painful blister on her inner thigh...patient was camping two days ago. You should suspect
 Definition
Lyme disease
Term
Which of the following is an functional behaviour disorder?
 Definition
Schizophrenia
Term
The single most significant factor that contrubutes to suicide is
 Definition
depression
Term
A patient's wife explains that her husbands has locked himself in a bathroom where he keeps a gun. You should
 Definition
remain in a safe place and request law enforcement
Term
A 22-year-old with a history of depression called 911 stating that he attempted to kill himslef...An empty bottle of Dilaudid is found nearby. You should:
 Definition
open the patients airway and assess his respirations
Term
The umbilical cord
 Definition
carries oxygen to the baby via the umbilical vein
Term
The third stage of labor begins with
 Definition
baby is expelled
Term
When determining the frequency of contrations, you should
 Definition
time the contrations from the start of one to the start of the next
Term
During delivery of the baby's head, you should suction the mouth before the nose because
 Definition
suctioning the nose first may cause the baby to gasp and aspirate fluid
Term
You have delived an infant with gasping resiprations. After suctioning and stimulation with no improvement, you should
 Definition
inititate ventilatory assistance
Term
The energy of moving objects is called
 Definition
kinetic energy
Term
Airbags are disigned to
 Definition
decreas the severity if deceleration injuries
Term
Internal injuries caused by gusnshot wounds are difficult to predict because
 Definition
the bullet may tumble or ricochet within the body
Term
The smaller vessels that carry blood away from the heart and connect the arteries to the capillaries are called
 Definition
arterioles
Term
Perfusion is MOST accurately defined as the
 Definition
circulation of blood within an organ in adequate amounts to meet the body's metabolic needs
Term
Hypovolemic shock occurs when
 Definition
the body connot compensate for rapid blood loss
Term
Bleeding from the nose following head trauma
 Definition
is a sign of a skull fracture and should not be stopped
Term
After applying a dressing to an arterial bleed from a patients arem, you notice that the dressing quickly becomnes soaked with blood. You should
 Definition
place additional dressings over the wound
Term
Following blunt trauma to the abdomen, a 21-year-old female complains of left upper quadrant abdominal pain with referred pain to the left should. Her abdomen is destended and tender. You suspect an injury to the
 Definition
spleen
Term
Shock is the result of
 Definition
hyperperfusion to the cells of the body
Term
When assessing a patient wuth signs & sympotoms of shock, it is MOST important to remember that
 Definition
blood pressure may be the last measureable factor to change
Term
Which of the following patients is in decompensated shock?
 Definition
A 20-year-old female with absent radial pulses and dilated pupils
Term
You have addressed all life-threatenging conditions and have stablized a patient. With an estimated time of arrival to the hospital of 20 minutes, you should
 Definition
perform a detailed physical examination
Term
A construction worker fell about 30 feet. He is semiconscious with rapid, shallow respirations with deformity to the thoracic region of his spine...Treatment includes:
 Definition
assisted ventilations, thermal management, elevation of the legs
Term
What layer of the skin forms a watertight, protective seal for the body?
 Definition
Epidermis
Term
A hematoma develops when
 Definition
large blood vessels beneath the skin are damaged
Term
Functions of the skin include all of the following, EXCEPT
 Definition
the production of key antibodies
Term
Compartment syndrome would MOST likely develop following a
 Definition
crush injury
Term
When treating a partial-thickness burn, you should
 Definition
avoid the use of creams, lotions, or antiseptics
Term
When caring for a patient whose arm is covered with a dry chemical, you should
 Definition
brush away the chemical before flushing with water
Term
In contrast to animal bits, the bite of a human
 Definition
carries with it a wide variety of virulent bacteria and viruses
Term
The eyeball itself is referred to as the
 Definition
globe
Term
The whit portion of the eye is called the
 Definition
sclera
Term
In the normal, uninjured eye
 Definition
the pupils are equal in size and move together in the same direction
Term
When a light is shone into the pupil
 Definition
it should become smaller in size
Term
A construction worker has a large sliver of metal impaled in his right eye. You should
 Definition
stablize the ojbect and cover both eyes
Term
The lower jaw bone is called the
 Definition
mandible
Term
The upper jaw bone is called the
 Definition
maxillae
Term
The cricoid cartilage
 Definition
is the only complete circular cartilage of the trachea
Term
When caring for a patient with an open facial injury, the EMT-B should
 Definition
wear gloves and facial protection
Term
Following direct trauma to the superior aspect of the throat, a young male presents with labored breathing, loss of voice, and subcutaneous emphysema in the soft tissues aound his neck. You should suspect
 Definition
a laryngeal fracture
Term
Whan a person is lying supine, at the end of exhalation the diaphragm
 Definition
may rise as high as the nipple line
Term
The _____ nerve controls the diaphragm
 Definition
phrenic
Term
An open pneumothorax occurs when
 Definition
air enters the pleural spance from outside the body
Term
Patients with rig fractures will commonly
 Definition
breathe rapidly and shallowly
Term
A flial chest occurs when
 Definition
a segment of the chest wall is detached from the thoracic cage
Term
You have sealed and open chest would in a patient who was stabbed in the anterior chest. He is experiencing increasing respiratory distress and tachycardia, and is developing cyanosis. You should
 Definition
partially remove the dressing
Term
A 28-year-old male patient was struck with a baseball bat, he is conscious and alert and complains of severe chest pain. There is bruising on the sternum and he has a rapid, irregular pulse. In additon to providing oxygen, you should
 Definition
prepare for immediate transport
Term
Subcataneous emphysema is an indication that
 Definition
air is escaping into the chest wall from a damaged lung
Term
Asymmetry of the chest wall occurs when
 Definition
on side of the chest wall does not expand during inhalation
Term
All of the following are hollow abdominal organs EXCEPT
 Definition
the liver
Term
Because the depth of an open abdominal wound is often difficult to determine
 Definition
prompt transport to the hospital is essential
Term
Airbags, with properly worn seat belts, are of MOST benefit when a person is involved in a
 Definition
head-on crash
Term
A sign of kidney damage following blunt trauma is
 Definition
hematuria
Term
Placign a pregnant patient in a supine durign the third trimester of pregnancy
 Definition
may decrease the amount of blood that returns to the heart
Term
Accumulation of blood in the abdominal cavity will MOST likey cause
 Definition
distention
Term
A football player was struck in the right flank just below the posterior rib cage by another person. He complains of severe pain and point tenderness and there is a smaller amount of blood in his underwear. You should suspect
 Definition
blunt trauma to the kidney
Term
A 30-year-old male has a large laceration to his right lower abdomen with a loop of bowel protruding through the wound. You should remember that
 Definition
protruding bowel should be kept warm and moist
Term
When documenting a call involving a female patient who was sexually assualted, you should
 Definition
avoid speculation and document only factual data
Term
When worn properly, a seat belt should lie
 Definition
below the anterior superior iliac spines of the pelvis and against the hip joints
Term
A drug is contraindicated for a patient when it
 Definition
may cause harm or have no positive effect
Term
Which of the following medication routes has the slowest rate of absorption?
 Definition
Ingestion
Term
What mediation form does oral gluscose come in?
 Definition
Gel
Term
A 31-year-old female is experiencing an acute asthma attack. She is conscious and alert, but in obvious respiratory distress. After assisting her with her presrcibed meter-dose inhaler, you should
 Definition
reassess the patient and document her response to the medication
Term
All information recorded on the prehospital care report must be
 Definition
considered confedential
Term
A patient;s refusal for EMS treatment and/or transport must be
 Definition
an informed refusal
Term
Medical control gives tou an order that seems inappropiate for the patient's condition. After confirming that you heard the physician correctly, you should
 Definition
advise the physician that the order is unclear and ask for clearification
Term
In wgat area of the lungs does respiration occur?
 Definition
Alveoli
Term
Hyperventilation could be associated with all of the following EXCEPT
 Definition
a narcotic overdose
Term
Common signs & sympotoms of acute hyperventilation syndrome include
 Definition
tachypnea and tingling in the extermities
Term
The right coronary artery supplies blood to the
 Definition
right ventricle and inferior wall of the left ventricle
Term
The head and brain recieve their supply of oxygenated blood from the
 Definition
carotid arteries
Term
An acute myocardial infarction occurs when
 Definition
myocardial tissue dies secondary to an absence of oxygen
Term
When treating a patient with chest pain, you should assume he/she is having an acute myocardial infarction because
 Definition
the cause of the pain cannot be diagnosed in the field
Term
Nitroglycerin relieves cardiac-related chest pain by:
 Definition
dilating the coronary arteries and improving cardiac blood flow
Term
Nitroglyceric is contraindicated in patients
 Definition
who have experiencd a head injury
Term
A transient ischemic attack occurs when
 Definition
the normal body processes destroy a clot in a cerebral artery
Term
The 3 major parts of the brain are
 Definition
cerebrum, cerebellum, and brain stem
Term
A patient with an altered mental status is
 Definition
not thinking clearly or is incapable of being aroused
Term
The principle clinical difference between a strole and hypoglycemia is that patients with hypoglycemia
 Definition
usually have an altered mental status or decreased level of consciousness
Term
Pain that is localized to the lower back and/or lower abdominal quadrants is MOST suggestice of
 Definition
an aortic aneurysm
Term
Patients with acute abdominal pain should not be given anything by mouth because
 Definition
a full stomach may make emergency surgery dangerous
Term
A 66-year-old female complains of diffuse abdominal pain and nausea. She has a history of hypertension and occasional depression. When caring for this patient, you should be MOST concerned with
 Definition
the possibiltly that she may vomit
Term
Type 1 diabetes
 Definition
is a condition in which no insulin is produced by the body
Term
The signs & symptoms of insulin shock are a result of
 Definition
decreased blood gluscose levels
Term
Kussmaul respirations are an indication that the body is
 Definition
attempting to elimate acids from the blood
Term
You are treating a 40-year-old male with a documented blood sugar reading of 300 mg/dL. The patient is semiconscious and breathing shallowly, and is recieving assisted ventilation from you partner. You should recognize that treatment includes
 Definition
insulin
Term
When obtaining a SAMPLE history from a diabetic patient, it would be MOST important to determine
 Definition
if he/she has had any recent illness or excessive stress
Term
Urticaria is the medical term for
 Definition
hives
Term
The stinger from a honeybee should be
 Definition
scraped aeay from the skin
Term
Which of the following MOST accurately describes EMS?
 Definition
A team of team of heathcare professionals who are responsible for providing emergency care and transportation to sick and injured patients
Term
The self control needed to preform effectively when confronted with a horrifying event or life threatening situation is developed through all of the following EXCEPT
 Definition
an effective partner
Term
The final stage of death and dying is MOST commonly displayed as
 Definition
acceptance
Term
CISD should be conducted no longer than ____ hours following the incident
 Definition
72
Term
The EMT-B would MOST likely be held liable for abandonment if he/she
 Definition
did not make provisions for continued care of an injured patient
Term
A patient has fractured both femurs. Anatomically, these injuries are
 Definition
bilateral
Term
A fracture of the humerus just above the elbow would be described as a
 Definition
distal humeris fracture
Term
An intoxicater 40-year-old male is found lying face down. How would you document this?
 Definition
Prone
Term
Relative to the kidneys, the liver is
 Definition
unilateral
Term
The brain connects to the spinal cord through a large opening at the base of the skull called the
 Definition
foramen magnum
Term
The intercostal spaces are located
 Definition
in between each of the ribs
Term
The femoral head forms a ball-and-socket joint with the
 Definition
acetabulem
Term
Inhalation occurs when then
 Definition
diaphragm and intercostal muscles contract and cause a decrease in intrathoracic pressure
Term
The distal aspect of the tibia forms the
 Definition
medial malleolus
Term
Which of the following MOST accurately descibes the term 'chief complant'?
 Definition
The major signs/symptoms that the patient reports when asked
Term
Palpating the carotid pulse is not recommended in infants because
 Definition
you may inadvertently compress the trachea
Term
Cyanosis of the skin is caused by
 Definition
decreased blood oxygen
Term
A decrease in blood pressure may indicate all of the following EXCEPT
 Definition
a closed head injury
Term
When carrying a patient on a backboard up or down stairs
 Definition
keep the head end elevated
Term
You should usually move a patient on a wheeled stretcher by
 Definition
pushing the head end of the stretcher while your partner guides the foot
Term
The actual exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide occurs in the
 Definition
alveolar sacs
Term
Of the 21% room air oxygen that a person inhales, approximately __% is exhaled
 Definition
16
Term
The severity of hypoxia depends MOSTLY on the patients
 Definition
ventilatory quality
Term
A 37-year-old male has an apparent foriegn body obstruction. He is conscious and alert and is coughing forcefully. His skin is pink, warm, and moist. You should
 Definition
encourage him to cough and transport
Term
What maneuve should be used to open the airway of an unresponsive patient with suspected trauma?
 Definition
Jaw thrust maneuver
Term
The heart rate for an adult at rest typically range between
 Definition
60 abd 80 beats/min
Term
Where should you evaluated skin color in patients with deeply pigmented skin?
 Definition
Oral mucosa
Term
The ongoing assessment is performed to determine all of the following EXCEPT
 Definition
the reason why the patient called EMS
Term
While en route to the scene of a shootingm the dispatched advises you that the caller states that the perpetrator has fled the scene. You should
 Definition
confirm this information with law enforcement at the scene
Term
Two way communication that requires the EMT-B to "push to talk" and "release to listen" describes what mode of commination?
 Definition
Simplex
Term
When providing a patient report via radio, you should protect the patient's privacy by
 Definition
not disclosing his/her name
Term
When communicating with a patient, it is important to remember that
 Definition
most elderly people think clearly and are capable of answering questions
Term
You are assessing a 60-year-old male with severe chest pain. You should
 Definition
ask him if he has high blood pressure or has ever had a heart attack
Term
Continuing education in EMS serves to
 Definition
maintain, update, and expand your knowledge and skills
Term
The continuous quality improvement process is designed to
 Definition
identify areas of improvement and provide remedial training if needed
Term
You may be authorized to administer asprin to a patient with chest pain based on
 Definition
your local EMS protocols
Term
The standards for perhospital emergency care and the individulas who provide it are typically regulated by the
 Definition
State of office EMS
Term
Which of the following is a unique function of the EMD
 Definition
Providing callers with life-saving instructions
Term
EMTs who follow a coordinated continuum of care do so because
 Definition
it maximizes survival and reduces patient suffering
Term
Which of the following statements regarding the different stages of the grieving process is correct
 Definition
The stages of the grieving process may occur simultaneously
Term
When a patient is dying, he/she may experience regression. This is MOST accurately defined as
 Definition
behavior consisted with an earlier developmental stage
Term
Common factors that influence how a patient reacts to the stress of an illness/injury include all of the following EXCEPT
 Definition
distrust of the EMT-B
Term
What should you do before attempting to access a patient trapped in a vehicle?
 Definition
Ensure the vehicle is stable
Term
Which of the following components are needed to prove negligence
 Definition
Duty to act, breach of duty, injury/damages, anf causation
Term
Which of the following scenarios MOST accurately depicts abandonment
 Definition
Paramedic transfer patient care to an EMT-B
Term
When face with a situation in which a patient is in cardiac arrest, and a valid DRN order cannot be located, you should
 Definition
begin resuscitation at once
Term
The manner in which the EMT-B must act or behave when caring for a patient is called the
 Definition
standard of care
Term
The _____ is a prominent body mass that is located at the base of the skull and posterior to the ear
 Definition
mastoid process
Term
Which of the following is MOST characterist of adequate breahing in an adult
 Definition
Respirations of 20 breath/min and bilateral chest movement
Term
The artery that can be palpated on the anterior surface of the foot is the
 Definition
dorsalis pedis
Term
White blood cells are also called _____ and function by
 Definition
leukocytes, protecting the body from infection
Term
Basic Life Support is noninvasive, meaning that it:
 Definition
does not involve penetration of the body
Term
When ventilating an apneic patient with a pocket face mask, you should deliver each breath:
 Definition
while watching for adequate chest rise
Term
A 60-year-old male is found to be unresponsivem pulseless, and apneic. You should:
 Definition
begin CPR until an AED is available
Term
Gastric distention will MOST likely occur
 Definition
if you ventilate a patient too fast
Term
What type of medical direction do standing orders and protocols describe?
 Definition
Offline
Term
Which of the following body organs is affected by hepatitis B and C viruses?
 Definition
Liver
Term
The areas of the spinal column, in descending order, are the:
 Definition
cervival, thoracic, lumber, sacral, coccyx
Term
Baseline vitals are referred to as such because they:
 Definition
are the initial vital signs that will allow you to trend the patient's condition by comparing them to future vital signs
Term
In addition to blood pressure, pulse, and respirations, which of the following should also be assessed when evaulating a patient's vital signs?
 Definition
Pupillary reaction to light
Term
Prior to applying a nonrebreathing mask on a patient, you must ensure that the:
 Definition
reservoir bag is fully inflated
Term
An alert patient presents with a regular pattern of inhalation and exhalation and breath sounds that are bilaterally clear and equal. These findings are MOST consistent with:
 Definition
adequate air exchange
Term
Narrowing of the coronary arteries due to a buildup of fatty deposits is called
 Definition
atherosclerosis
Term
What Glasgow Coma Scale score would you assign to a patient who responds to painful stimuli, uses inappropriate words, and flexes his/her arm in response to pain
 Definition
8
Term
Which of the following is a nonspecific complaint that is commonly associated with an acute abdomen?
 Definition
Loss of appetite
Term
When administering epinephrine via auto-injector, you should hold the injector in place for
 Definition
10 seconds
Term
A 37-year-old male is having a severe allergic reaction to penicillin. How would you proceed with the treatment of this patient?
 Definition
Administer oxygen, transport at once, and request a paramedic rendezvous
Term
DTs is a syndrome associated with withdrawal from:
 Definition
alcohol
Term
Heat cramps are MOST likey the result of
 Definition
a loss of water and electrolytes
Term
A 40-year-old male intentionally cut his wrist out of anger after losing his high-payiny job. Law enforcement has secured the scene prior to your arrival. As you enter the residence and visualize the patient, you can see that he has a towel around his wrist and a moderate amount of blood has soaked through it. You should:
 Definition
calmly identify yourself to the patient
Term
Braxton-Hicks contractions are characterized by:
 Definition
alleviation of pain with movement or changing positions
Term
The cervical spine is MOST protected from whiplash-type injuries when the:
 Definition
headrest is appropriately positioned
Term
When evaluting the mechanism of injury if a car vs pedestrian collision, you should first:
 Definition
approximate the speed of the vechile that struck the pedestrian
Term
Neurogenic shock occurs when
 Definition
failure of the nervous system causes widespread vasodilation
Term
A 45-year-old male presents with severe vomiting and diarrhea of 3 days' duration. He is confused, diaphoretic, and has a weak and rapid radial pulse. His blood pressure is 88/50 mm Hg. After applying 100% supplemental oxygen, you should:
 Definition
prepare for immediate transport
Term
A laceration
 Definition
is a jagged cut caused by a sharp object or blunt force trauma
Term
Patients with full-thickness burns generally do not complain of pain because
 Definition
the nerve endings have been destroyed
Term
Which of the following is LEAST suggestive of a closed head injury?
 Definition
Briskly constricting pupils when exposed to light
Term
Facial injuries should be identified and treated as soon as possible, because
 Definition
of the risk for airway problems
Term
You are transporting an immobilized patient with severe facial trauma. As you are preparing to give your radio report to the hospital, the patient begins vomiting large amounts of blood. You should
 Definition
turn the backboard on its side
Term
A patient who presents with profound cyanosis following a chest injury
 Definition
requires prompt oxygenation and ventilation
Term
The mesentery is/are
 Definition
membranous folds that attach the intestines to the walls of the body
Term
Bone marrow produces
 Definition
red blood cells
Term
Common signs of a skull fracture include all of the following EXCEPT
 Definition
superficial scalp lacerations
Term
Early signs of respiratory distress in a pediatric patient include all of the following EXCEPT
 Definition
cyanosis
Term
A common cause of shock in an infant is
 Definition
vomiting and diarrhea
Term
Clouding of the lenses of the eyes is called
 Definition
cataracts
Term
Many elderly victims of physical abuse may make false statements or lie about the orgin of their injuries because
 Definition
they fear retribution from the abuser
Term
Fractures of the pelvis in older patients often occure as the result of a combination of
 Definition
osteoporsis and low-energy trauma
Term
Disinfection is MOST appropriately defined as
 Definition
killing of pathogenic agents with a chemical made for that purpose
Term
Your primary concern when arriving at the scene of a motor vechile crash is
 Definition
surveying the area for hazards
Term
When removing a critically injuried patient from his/her vechile, you should
 Definition
secure any injured extermities to another
Term
If a decontamination area is required at the scene, it will be situated
 Definition
after the extrication area and before the triage area
Term
A mass casualty incident is MOST accurately defined as
 Definition
an incident that greatly taxes or depletes a system's available resources
Term
Your work uniform is an example of what level of protection?
 Definition
Level D protection
Term
A 50-year-old female is entrapped in her passanger car after it struck a tree. As the rescue team is preparing to extricate her, you quickly assess her and determine she is breathing shallowly and that her radial pulse is absent. You should
 Definition
maintain spinal stabilization as she is extricated
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