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EMT-B
Chapter 15 Vocab
16
Medical
12th Grade
10/23/2008

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Term
Acidosis
Definition
A pathologic condition resulting from the accumulation of acids in the body.
Term
Diabetes mellitus
Definition
A metabolic disorder in which the ability to metabolize caarbohydrates (sugars) is impaired, usually because of a lack of insulin.
Term
Diabetic coma
Definition
Unconsciousness caused by dehydration, very high blood glucose levels, and acidosis in diabetes.
Term
Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)
Definition
A form of acidosis in uncontrolled diabetes in which certain acids accumulate when insulin is not available.
Term
Glucose
Definition
One of the basic sugars; it is the primary fuel, along with oxygen and tissues; produced by a gland.
Term
Hormone
Definition
A chemical substance that regulates the activity of body organs and tissues; produced by a gland.
Term
Hyperglycemia
Definition
Abnormally high glucose level in the blood.
Term
Hypoglycemia
Definition
Abnormally low glucose level in the blood.
Term
Insulin
Definition
A hormone produced by the Islets of Langerhans (an exocrine gland on the pancreas) that enables glucose in the blood to enter the cells of the body; used in synthetic form to treat and control diabetes mellitus.
Term
Insulin shock
Definition
Unconsciousness or altered mental status in a patient with diabetes, caused by significant hypoglycemia; usually the result of excessive exercise and activity or failure to eat after a routine dose of insulin.
Term
Kussmaul respirations
Definition
Deep, rapid breathing; usually the result of an accumulation of certain acids when insulin is not available in the body.
Term
Polydipsia
Definition
Excessive thirst persisting for long periods of time despite reasonable fluid intake; often the result of excessive urination.
Term
Polyphagia
Definition
Excessive eating; in diabetes, the inability to use glucose properly can cause a sense or hunger.
Term
Polyuria
Definition
The passage of an unusually large volume of urine in a given period; in diabetes, this can result from wasting of glucose in the urine.
Term
type I diabetes
Definition
The type of diabetic disease that usually starts in childhood and requires insulin for proper treatment and control.
Term
type II diabetes
Definition
The type of diabetic disease that usually starts in later life and often can be controlled through diet and oral medications.
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