Albuterol

• Trade name
• Actions

• Ventolin, Proventil
• Bronchodilation, relieves bronchospasms, and reduces airway resistance

Albuterol

• Doseage
• Onset

• For adult: 2.5 mg/3.0 mL normal saline
• For children: 2.5mg/6.0mL normal saline
• Connect oxygen tubing to SVN and run at 6-8lpm
• Metered dose from inhaler is 90mcg 

• Onset= 5 minutes, Duration= 3-4 hours

Albuterol

• Contraindications

• MI
• Cardiac pulmonary edema
• Cardiac dysrhythmias associated with tachycardia(relative, >120)

Albuterol

• Indications

• Respiratory distress with bronchospasms
• Respiratory origin
• Allergic reaction/anaphylaxis
• Pneumonia

Aspirin (ASA, Acetylsalicyclic Acid)

• Trade name
• Action

• Bayer, St. Joseph
• Interrupts Thomboxane A2
• stops activation of new platelets as well as increase platelet aggregation
• Inhibits normal tendency for platelets to accumulate inside injured or occluded cardiac arteries-promotes better blood flow through vessels to better perfuse the heart

Aspirin (ASA, Acetylsalicyclic Acid)

• Doseage
• Onset

• Range from 162mg to 325mg
• 2-4 81 mg tablets

• Onset= 15-30 minutes, Duration=4-6 hours
• Given within 7 minutes

Aspirin (ASA, Acetylsalicyclic Acid)

• Contraindications

• Unable to swallow
• Caution if patient has history of active bleeding ulcer
• Allergy
• Hypersensitivity to salicylates
• Hemorrhagic stroke
• Children with flu like symptoms

Aspirin (ASA, Acetylsalicyclic Acid)

• Indications

• Chest pain of suspected cardiac origin

Nitroglycerine

• Trade name
• Action

• Nitrostat, Nitro-bid, Nitrolingual
• Relaxes systemic venous and arterial vessels causing vasodilation
• Decreasing cardiac preload and afterload
• Decreasing myocardial workload
• Decreasing myocardial O2 consumption
• Dilates coronary arteries

Nitroglycerine

• Doseage
• Onset

• If systolic BP > 100 administer 0.4 mg SL q 3-5 minutes
• Total of 3 doses

• Onset=2 minutes SL, 30-60 minutes topical, Duration= 30-60 minutes SL, 24 hours topical

Nitroglycerine

• Contraindications

• Systolic BP < 100
• Suspected right ventricular MI
• Use of ED medications
• Can cause profound hypotension and tachycardia

Nitroglycerine

• Indications

• Angina or angina-equivalent discomfort
• Cardiac pulmonary edema-paramedic only

Oral Glucose

• Trade name
• Action

• Glutose, Insta-glucose
• Distrubed in the tissues and provides a prompt increase in circulating blood sugar
• Fuel for body and required for cellular metabolism

Oral Glucose

• Doseage
• Onset

• 1 tube, total of 15 grams
• Most protocols suggest 2-3 tubes, for total 30-45 grams
• For pediatrics: 5-45 grams

Oral Glucose

• Contraindications

• Unresponsive, unable to swallow

Oral Glucose

• Indications

• Hypoglycemia (altered mental status with history of diabetes)
• The ability to swallow the medication

Activated Charcoal

• Trade name
• Action

• SuperChar, InstaChar, Actidose, LiquiChar

• Binds to certain poisons and prevents them from being absorbed into the body

Activated Charcoal 

• Doseage

• Adult dose: 25-50 grams
• Child dose: 12.5-25 grams
• Based off of body weight: 1 gram Actidose per kg body weight

Activated Charcoal

• Contraindications

• Ingestion of acids or alkalis
• Unable to swallow 
• Petroleum products

Activated Charcoals

• Indications

• Poisoning by mouth, oral poisoning

Epinephrine

• Trade name
• Action

• Adrenaline, Epi-Pen, Epi-Pen Jr.
• Bronchodilation of the bronchi
• Vasoconstriction of the peripheral vasculature
• Increased heart rate, increased contractility and increased automaticity of the heart

Epinephrine

• Doseage
• Onset

• Adult: 0.3mg (1:1000)
• Pediatric: 0.15mg (1:2000)

• Onset=IM tends to be variable, SQ 5-10 minutes, Duration= 1-4 hours, can be as short as 5-10 minutes

Epinephrine

• Contraindications

• No contraindications when used in a life threatening situation
• Administration caution if pt experiencing a possible MI

Epinephrine

• Indications

• Emergency medical care for the treatment of the patient exhibiting the assessment findings of allergic reaction
• Medication is prescribed
• Medical direction authorizes use for this patient

• Viagra (sildenafil)
• Cialis (tadalafil)
• Levitra (vardenafil)