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-Combined Christian beliefs w/ Aristotle
-Natural Law: God is rationale (created the world rationally) therefore humans can reason (capable of choosing good over evil)
-Pros/cons (listen to conscious)
-Seek wisdom/knowledge. |
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-Duty based ethics (deontology)
-Everything could be used for good or evil
-Shouldn't treat people nicely just to get something out of it
-Categorical Imperative: whats right for one person is right for all
-All humans have worth |
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-One of the most influential to America
-Utilitaritanism (biggest bang for buck) downfall-leaves out minority
-Greatest benefit, least harm
-Emphasis on public, not individual |
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-Social justice: all people have the same basic rights
-Don't know where you will end up in life
-Treat them good because you might be there someday |
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-Will ought to be stronger than impulse
-Udmonea (euphoric) happy life is governed by reason |
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-Has several levels of I
-Health care professionals need to operate at I you level or above |
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| Extension of yourself (mirror image of yourself) Ex: Want your son to play football because you did |
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| People are tools for another person's benefits. Does not take into account individual cases. |
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| Recognize the individual's talents, needs, etc... |
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| Love for others. View people's needs equal to your own. |
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| Moral developmenet happens in six phases. Used qualitative not quantitative. |
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| Level 1 & 2. Happens before you have a true sense of what moral behavior is. |
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| Make ethical decisions on not being punished (obedience) |
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| Make ethical decision on 'what is in it for me' (self interest) |
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| Externally controlled stage |
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| Conform to be seen as a good person |
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| Respect for yourself & others stage |
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| Make decisions based on universal human ethics. |
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-Why am I here and what am I supposed to
do
-Mind, body, and spirit
-Because of your conscious, you avoid things that bring harm |
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-Making decisions without interference
-Independent
-Giving choices/options
-Free from control of others and have the capacity to make your own decision
-children can't make autonomous decisions
-Kant and Frankl
-Patients can hold different viewpoint than your own |
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-Health literacy
-Language/cultural differences
-Informed consent
-Prison
-Military |
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| Autonomy as confidentiality |
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| HIPPA states you must consent before disclosing information |
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| Autonomy as truth telling |
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| Veracity. Silence may violate veracity. |
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-Obligation not to cause harm to others
-Need to know patient individually
-Best practice, no harm
-Medication therapy management |
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| Active decision to act with compassion |
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-Agreement on meeting time for appointment
-Promise to keep things confidential
-Agreement to pay
-Keeping promises |
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-To tell the truth
-Don't keep silent |
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-Risk vs benefit
-Consistency of treatment options |
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| How society decides to distribute health care |
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-Need to die in order to take effect
-Provides distribution of assets upon death (to whom, how much)
-Names person to handle your estate
-Specific bequests
-Guardianship and conservator of children
-Must be probated (courts supervise the process of disposition of assets) |
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| Make sure will gets carried out. Can be entity (bank) |
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| Day to day care of children |
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-Time consuming
-Expensive
-Public process |
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-Many kinds
-Avoids probate (court supervision)
-Privacy
-Saves time and money
-Avoid paying estate tax
-Allows control of money after death
-Must still have pour over will
-Diffentiate between foundations |
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| people who handle the trust |
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-Used while alive
-not valid after death
-Allows someone else to act on your behalf while you are alive |
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| Limited Power of Attorney |
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| Limited in scope (Real Estate closings) |
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| Expansive scope of Power of Attorney |
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-Sign checks
-Bank accounts
-Pay taxes
-Sell assets
-Continue gift giving
-Get/give HIPPA personal health info |
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| Durable Power of Attorney |
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| Not effected by disability or incapacity of principal. Can be full or springing (only comes effective upon the incapacity of a person) |
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| Patient Self-Determination Act |
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| Mandates federally funded institutions (most hospitals) to provide/ask about advance directives |
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| Advanced directives/Living wills |
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| Indicates what you do/dont want for health care. Decisions to provide or withhold treatment when someone cannot act their own due to incapacitation or inability decide on their own. |
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| Specifies the circumstances under which a person does not wish attempted resuscitation. |
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| Medical power of attorney/Designation of patient advocate |
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-Names person who can act on behalf of patient (choose someone who can make these kinds of decisions)
-Make judgements for medical care when patient cannot make on own
-May be part of Durable Power of Attorney |
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