Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Ethics
Final
43
Other
Undergraduate 4
12/05/2012

Additional Other Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

Morality

Definition

Describes a class of rules held by society to govern the conduct of its individual members

Term

 

Code of Conduct

Definition

 

Generally prescribes standards of conduct, states principles expressing responsibilities, and defines the rules expressing duties of professionals to whom they apply.

Term

Moral judgment

Definition

Are those judgments concerned with what an individual or group believes to be the right or proper behavior in a given situation.

Term

Ethical relativism

Definition

1.      holds that morality is relative to the norms of the culture in which an individual lives.

Term

Beneficence

Definition

describes the principle of doing good, demonstrating kindness, showing compassion, and helping others.

Term

Nonmaleficence

Definition

is an ethical principle that requires caregivers to avoid causing patients harm (to do no harm)

Term

Justice

Definition

1.      is the obligation to be fair in the distribution of benefits and risks.

Term

Virtue ethics

Definition

focuses on the inherent character of a person rather than on the specific actions that he or she performs

Term

Moral value

Definition

is the relative worth placed on some virtuous behavior.

Term

Wrongful birth action

Definition

- the plaintiffs claim that but for a breach of duty by the defendant(s) (e.g., improper sterilization), the child would not have been born.

Term

Wrongful life claims

Definition

are initiated by the parent(s) or child based on harm suffered as a result of being born.

Term

Ethanasia

Definition

1.      “the mercy killing of the hopelessly ill, injured, or incapacitated”

Term

Active euthanasia

Definition

is commonly understood to be the intentional commission of an act, such as giving a pt a lethal drug that results in death

Term

Passive euthanasia

Definition

1.      occurs when lifesaving treatment (such as respirator) is withdrawn or withheld, allowing the terminally ill pt to die a natural death.

 

Term

Surrogate decision maker

Definition

1.      is an agent who acts on behalf of a pt who lacks the capacity to participate in a particular decision.

Term

Do-not-resuscitate (DNR) orders

Definition

1.      are those given by a physician indicating that in the event of a cardiac or respiratory arrest “no” resuscitative measures should be used to revive the pt.

Term

Health care ethics committee

Definition

1.      in a hospital is an advisory body with multitidisciplinary memberships from the hospital and the community whose purpose is to facilitate the discussion an resolution of ethical issues arising in the pt care setting.

Term

ethicist, educators, clinicians, legal advisors, and political leaders as well as members of the clergy, a quality improvement manager, and corporate leaders from the business community

Definition

Name ppl on committee

Term

Common law

Definition

1.      refers to the body of principles that has evolved and expanded from the judicial decisions that arise during the trial of court cases… origins in English common law

Term

Statutory law

Definition

written law emanating from federal and state legislative bodies

Term

Administrative law

Definition

1.      the extensive body of public law issued by administrative agencies to direct the enacted laws of the federal and state governments.

 

Term

Legislative Branch

Definition

1.      composed of the House of Representatives and the Senate, both enacts laws that can amend or repeal existing legislation and create new legislation. (Congress)

Term

Judicial Branch

Definition

1.      resolves disputes in accordance with the law (Supreme court)

Term

Executive Branch

Definition

1.      administers and enforces the law (Constitution)

Term

Tort

Definition

- is a civil wrong, other than a breach of contract, committed against a person or property (real or personal) for which a court provides a remedy in the form of an action for damages.

Term

Negligence

Definition

is a tort, a civil or personal wrong

Term

Malpractice

Definition

1.      is the negligence or carelessness of a professional person ( e.g., a nurse, pharmacist, physician or accountant)

Term

Malfeasance

Definition

1.      execution of an unlawful or improper act [e.g., performing an abortion in the third trimester when is prohibited by state law]

Term

Duty of Care

Definition

1.      legal obligation of care, performance, or observance imposed on one to safeguard the rights of others

 

Term

Reasonably prudent person

Definition

1.      concept describes a nonexistent, hypothetical person who is put forward as the community ideal of what would be considered reasonable behavior

Term

Breach of duty

Definition

1.      the second element that must be present for a plaintiff to establish negligence, is the failure to conform to or the departure from a required obligation owed to a person

Term

Injury/Actual Damage

Definition

1.      if no injury or damage is present then there is no liability

Term

Causation

Definition

- requires that there be a reasonable, close and causal connection or relationship between the defendant’s negligent conduct and the resulting damage suffered by the plaintiff

Term

Assault

Definition

effectuates an infringement on the mental security or tranquility of another, deliberate threat, coupled with ability to do harm

Term

Battery

Definition

constitutes a violation of another’s physical integrity, intentional touching

Term

False imprisonment

Definition

1.      unlawful restraint of an individual’s personal liberty or the unlawful restraining or confining of an individual

 

Term

Defamation of character

Definition

- involves communications to someone other than the persons defamed that tends to hold that person’s reputation up to scorn and ridicule

Term

Slander

Definition

the oral form of defamation

Term

Libel

Definition

the written form of defamation

Term

Invasion of privacy

Definition

1.      is a wrong that invades the right of a person to personal privacy

Term

Misdemeanor

Definition

1.      is an offense punishable by less than 1 year in the jail and/or a fine (e.g., petty larceny)

Term

Felony

Definition

1.      much more serious crime (e.g., rape, murder) and is generally punishable by imprisonment in a state or federal penitentiary for more than 1 year.

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