to undertake, begin

to fall on, attack, assault

to collect

to unite

adv

meanwhile

in the meantime

command

send word

milia, milium

to run to meet

to encounter

to put to flight

rout

to give up

surrender (only with a pronoun or noun obj.; eg. se)

adv

in another manner

otherwise

in any other way,

differently

f

state, community;

city

to slay

to kill

adj

noted, notable;

renowned;

of noble birth

adv

afterwards

with quam = after that, after which

f

condition

terms

indecl. #

adj

thousand

n. pl

thousand

to conquer,

subjugate

m

victor, victorious

all the way

continuously

even

pronoun

a certain one,

someone

something

adj

a certain

to set out,

proceed

adj

entire

untouched

to break, to wreck

subdue, tire out

m

chance

present passive indicative

afflicted / inflicted

to approach

to go, come to, near

ablative absolute

"after he had gathered together a hundred and fifty thousand troops"

Huic Romani per legatos denuntiaverunt, ut bello abstineret. 

ut bello abstineret = indirect command

bello here is ablative of separation

"The Romans ordered this man through ambassadors to abstain from war."

ablative of means / instrument 

"with the ultimate punishment"

ne bellum contra socios populi Romani gereret. 

ablative of means

gerund governing direct object

"by delaying battle"

"In the 540th year from the founding of the city"

ablative of time when

ablative absolute

"although the other consul spoke against it"

Lit. when it had been fought

in English "when a battle had taken place"

3p sing pres passive ind

'wounded'

ablative of time when

"In no Punic war"

quibus - connecting relative

Lit. In which misfortunes

"In these misfortunes"

gerundive purpose 

ad + accusative

in order for his forces to be restored

Lit. In which time also

"At that time also"

- ut clause, subjunctive in a substantive noun clause.

"that after the Romans had been destroyed he himself might receive aid from Hannibal against the Greeks."

3 p plural

pres pass ind

"they are conquered"

(historical present)

accusative

"town"

L

quinquaginta

C

centum

XL

quadraginta

igitur

abl sing

thing, matter

ablative of manner

with great glory

omni Sicilia recepta

ablative absolute

when all of Sicily had been recovered

ablative absolute

when Macedonia had been broken

ablative of separation

from the most noble city of Syracuse

lit. It was being fought

Eng. war was being waged

ablative of place where, no preposition

in four places

perfect passive participle

agitated, stirred up

commanded to go into Macedonia

(iubeo takes acc. inf.)

adv

in that very place,

in the same place

deponent

to be born

spring from

arise 

adj

comparative of posterus

later

adj

almost, nearly, for the most part

usually

adv

for which reason,

wherefore, therefore

adv

back

again

to go over

to go across

before,

sooner,

previously

to ask,

to demand

adj

select, distinguished

to despair,

give up hope

pounds

(substantive)

n.

weight

encounter

undertake 

begin

divine

sacred

adv

to such a degree

to collect

join together

n

judgement, opinion, decision

n

lunch

adv

almost, nearly

adj

each (of two)

n

struggle, battle, engagement