Term
| What did Richard Owen suggest? |
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Definition
| He suggested that God created similar basic body plans that developed in different ways. |
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Term
| What did Lamarck suggest? |
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Definition
| He believed that the way that an animal behaved affected the future generation's body. If it used a particular characteristic a lot then it grew bigger and stronger in that characteristic. If it did not use the charatceristic it shranl. These acquired charatceristics were pased on to offspring. |
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Term
| What are the 4 most important observations that Darwin made? |
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Definition
| All organisms produce more offspring than could possibly survive. However, the population numbers over long periods of the time is fairly constant. The organisms within a species show wide variation due to mutations in genes. Some of the variations are inherited and passed onto the next generation. |
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Term
| What was the name of the book published by Charles Darwin? |
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Definition
| The origins of species by means of Natural Selection |
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Term
| What is the evolution mechanism? |
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Definition
1. Variation exsits due to genetic mutation
2. Struggle for survival due to a selection pressure in the environment
3. Some individuals are better adapted because of advantageous characteristics and survive. This is known as survival of the fittest.
4. The survivors are able to reproduce and pass on advantageous genes to their offspring who also have advantageous characterises.
5. This is repeated over lots of generations so most of the population have the successful characteristics and do not die out. |
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Term
| What is the evolution of antibiotic resistance in bacteria? |
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Definition
| There is variation in population of bacteria where some bacteria is resistant to antibiotics. When used, the antibiotics kill non resistant strain but others reproduce if full course is not taken. This means the offspring of the resistant bacteria will also be resistant and not die out. |
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Term
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Definition
| The organisation of living organisms into groups according to their similarities |
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Term
| Who developed the binomial system of classification? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the study of classification? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many kingdoms are there in classification? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the features of the plant kingdom? |
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Definition
| The whole organism does not move, cells have cell walls and some cells have cells for photosynthesis |
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Term
| What are the features of the animal kingdom? |
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Definition
| Whole organisms move at some point in their life, cells do not have cell walls and cells do not have chloroplasts |
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Term
| What are the features of the protoctista? |
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Definition
| Simple organisms made up of single cells, they have a nucleus containing DNA |
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Term
| What are the features of the fungi kingdom? |
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Definition
| Feed off dead organisms rather than producing their own food |
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Term
| What are the features of the monera kingdom? |
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Definition
| They are simple organisms that the cells do not contain DNA in an enclosed nucleus e.g. bacteria |
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Term
| What is the hierarchy of natural classification? |
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Definition
| Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus and Species |
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Term
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Definition
| A group of similar organisms that can interbreed to produce fertile offspring |
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Term
| Explain an Evolutionary Tree |
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Definition
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Term
| What factors would a taxonomist take into account when classifying a new species? |
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Definition
| The differences in appearance, the genetic similarities and differences, Behaviour and if a common ancestor is present. |
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Term
| Why did people not believe Darwin? |
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Definition
There was no way to explain variety and inheritance as nothing was known about genes
There was no mechanism to explain inherited characteristics and the work of Gregor Mendel was not widely known
It challenged Creationism |
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