Each Hemoglobin molecule contains _____ iron containing pigments called ______

A) two; globin

B) four; heme

C) one; globin

D) four; globin

E) one; heme

In adults, red marrow is located in the:

A) sternum and ribs

B) diaphysis of long bones

C) body of vertebrae

D) all of the above

Antibodies are _____ globulins produced by the:

A) alpha; liver

B) alpha; kidney

C) beta; erythrocytes

D) gamma; plasma cells

E) beta; thymus

Prior to surgery, a 50 year old male undergoes a bleeding test to rule out any clotting disorders. Bleeding time is determined by nicking the skin superficially with a scalpel blade and measuring the time required for hemostasis. It will be marked abnormal if the person has which of the following?

A) anemia

B) thrombocytopenia

C) leukopenia

D) polycythemia

A 43-year-old anatomy professor is working in her garden, pruning rose bushes without gloves. She has a thorn enter the skin of her middle finger. The area later becomes infected and she removes the thorn, but there is still pus remaining at the wound site. Which of the following cells function in the formation of pus?

A) eosinophil

B) basophil

C) neutrophil

D) lymphocyte

Freshly oxygenated blood is received by the heart into the _____ and is later pumped into _____ circulation

A) left atrium; pulmonary

B) right atrium; pulmonary

C) left atrium; systemic

D) right atrium; systemic

E) left ventricle; systemic

During ventricular systole, the ventricles are _____ and ventricular pressure is _____

A) contracting; falling

B) contacting; rising

C) relaxing; falling

D) relaxing; rising

Which of the following statements describes cardiac muscle tissue?

A) cells are striated

B) cells contain myoglobin

C) cells are connected by gap junctions

D) cells can use fatty acids for ATP production

E) all of these statements describe cardiac muscle tissue

The amount of blood left in a ventricle after it contacts is called:

A) ejection fraction

B) cardiac reserve

C) end systolic volume

D) end diastolic volume

E) cardiac output

Which of the following might trigger erythropoiesis?

A) moving from a high altitude to a low altitude

B) an increase number of RBC's

C) increased tissue demand for oxygen

D) decreased tissue demand for oxygen

A 52 year old man was brought to the emergency room with severe chest pain. Angiography reveals a severe coronary obstruction and lack of blood flow to the right lateral wall of the heart. Which artery would be most likely occluded?

A) marginal artery

B) anterior interventricular artery

C) circumflex artery

D) posterior interventricular artery

During which two of the following is blood neither flowing into or out of the ventricles?

A) isovolumetric contraction

B) diastole

C) isovolumetric relaxation

D) systole

A & C

isovolumetric contaction and isovolumetric relaxation

In an electrocardiogram, the T wave represents:

A) atrial depolarization

B) atrial repolarization

C) ventricular depolarization

D) ventricular repolarization

E) atrial fibrillation

The plateau phase seen during the action potential of contractile cells is due to:

A) K⁺ diffusing from ECF to ICF

B) Na⁺ diffusing from ECF to ICF

C) Na⁺ diffusing from ICF to ECF

D) Ca⁺ diffusing from ECF to ICF

E) Ca⁺ diffusing from ICF to ECF

Place the following in the correct developmental sequence:

1. promyelocyte   2. band cell   3.myelocyte   4. myeloblast   5. hemocytoblast

A) 6, 2, 5, 4, 1, 3

B) 5, 4, 1, 3, 6, 2

C) 6, 5, 4, 1, 3, 2

D) 5, 4, 1, 3, 2, 6

A 58 year old man is brough to the emergency room with severe chest pain. Tests reveal a coronary occlusion (obstruction). A thrombolytic agent is administered to reestablish perfusion (blood flow). Which of the following does the thrombolytic agent activate?

A) heparin

B) thrombin

C) plasminogen

D) prothrombin

The most abundant plasma protein that contributes to the osmotic pressure is:

A) clottin protein

B) creatinine

C) globulin

D) albumin

Epicardium is the same as

A) fibrous pericardium

B) visceral layer of serous pericardium

C) parietal layer of serous pericardium

D) mesothelium

Which of the following is only in the extrinsic pathway of coagulation?

A) Ca²⁺

B) fibrinogen I

C) prothrombin II

D) plately factor III

E) tissue factor

An 18 year old patient has symptoms of pernicious anemia. The underlying problem in pernicious anemia is which of the following?

A) Fe²⁺ (iron) deficiency

B) Ca²⁺ (calcium) deficiency

C) bone marrow desctuction

D) viral infection

E) Vitamin B₁₂ deficiency

Identify the correct order in which electrical conduction of the heart occurs:

1. AV node   2. Purkinji fibers   3. SA node  

4. interventricular bundle of HIS   5. bundle branches

A) 3, 1, 4, 5, 2

B) 3, 1, 5, 4, 2

C) 1, 3, 4, 5, 2

D) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5

The first heart sound is caused by the closing of the  ____ valves. It occurs at the beginning of ventricular ____.

A) atrioventricular; diastole

B) atrioventricular; systole

C) semilunar; diastole

D) semilunar systole

B) atrioventricular; systole

The cusps of atrioventricular valves are attached to papillary muslces by the:

A) pecinate muscles

B) chordae tendinae

C) trabeculae carneae

D) interatral septa

Which part is incorrect?

A) trabeculae carneae, left ventricle

B) crista terminalis, right atrium

C) moderator band, right ventricle

D) pulmonary veins, right atrium

The volume of blood ejected by the ventricle per beat is:

A) end diastolic volume

B) end systolic volume

C) stroke volume

D) preload

Cardiac output: 5.6 liters/min, heart rate : 70 bpm. From the given values, calculate the stroke volume.

A) 8ml

B) 392 ml

C) 12.5 ml

D) 80 ml

All the following statements about incontinent valves (valve insufficiency) are true, except:

A) it can lead to backflow of blood

B) it can lead to increased volume of blood in the chamber

C) it can lead to high pulse pressure

D) it can lead to cell hypertrophy

Platelets are formed from cells in the bone marrow called:

A) erythrblasts

B) normablasts

C) megakaryoblasts

D) leukoblasts

When can erythroblastosis fetalis (hemolytic anemia of the newborn) happen in the child of an Rh negative mother?

A) if the child is O negative

B) if the child is Rh negative

C) if the child is Rh positive

D) if the father is Rh negative

Which of these molecules is correctly matched with its fate after hymolysis?

A) heme - used to make new hemoglobin molecules

B) globin - broken down into amino acids

C) iron  - secreted into bile

D) bilurubin - stored in the liver and the spleen

E) all of these are correctly matched

Haphazard, asynchronous ventricular contactions and the absence of a pulse is characteristic of:

A) atrial flutter

B) atrial septal defect

C) ventricular fibrillation

D) first degree AV block

E) sinus bradycardia

C) ventricular fibrillation

The special type of hemoglobin present in fetal red blood cells is:

A) hemoglobin S

B) hemoglobin F

C) hemoglobin A

C) hemoglobin B

Rat poison contains a toxin that blocks the liver's ability to utilize vitamin K. Animals that ingest rat poison might die of:

A) aplastic anemia

B) asphyxiation

C) hemorrhage

D) thrombocytopenia

E) infection

What major organ in the body regulates erythrocyte production?

A) kidney

B) brain

C) spleen

D) pituitary gland

Normoblast is the stage in erythropoiesis when:

A) cells are capable of proliferation and differentiation

B) ribosomes and rough ER become clumped forming a reticulum

C) hemoglobin accumulates and nucleus is extruded

D) none of the above

Which of the following structures returns blood to the right atrium?

1. superior vena cava   2. coronary sinus   3. inferior vena cava  4. pulmonary veins

A) 1 and 2

B) 2 and 4

C) 1, 2, and 3

D) 1 and 3

Which of the following is not true about blood plasma?

A) it is about 90% water

B) NPNs are found in plasma

C) it is the same as serum

D) most of the plasma proteins are produced by the liver

Which of the following transfusions will lead to hemolysis?

Donor:        Recipient:

B                  O

AB               O

AB               A

B                  AB

O                 AB

A) 1 and 4

B) 1, 2, and 3

C) 2, 3, and 4

D) 2 and 5

E) 1, 2, and 4

Which is not a correct match?

A) monocyte; development into macrophages

B) eosinophil; phagocotize bacteria

C) lymphocyte; mount immune response

D) basophil; release of histamine and other mediators of inflammation

Which lowers blood pressure?

A) parasympathetic nervous system

B) sympathetic nervous system

Which raises blood pressure?

A) epinephrine

B) acetylcholine

In the autorhythmic cells, which channel travels from intracellular to extracellular?

A) Na⁺ channel

B) Ca⁺ channel

C) K⁺ channel

After the autorhythmic cells, an action potential is then given to the contractile cardiac cells. Name the channel which brings about the plateau during it's action potential.

A) Na⁺ channel

B) Ca⁺ channel

C) K⁺ channel

Match the following:

A) AV valve closed; semilunar valve closed

B) AV valve closed; semilunar valve open

C) AV valve open; semilunar valve open

D) AV valve open; semilunar valve closed

____ Isovolumetric contraction

____ Ventricular ejection

____ Isovolumetric relaxation

____ Ventricular filling