Term
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Definition
| The four organic molecules found in all living systems are carbohydrates, nucleic acids, lipids, and ________. |
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Definition
| The chemical and physical processes that are involved in energy and molecular transformations in living organisims are collectively termed _______. |
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Definition
| Organisms made up of one cell are said to be ______. |
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Definition
| A group of similar organisms capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring is a ______. |
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Definition
| The ability to stand upright and walk on two legs is ______. |
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Definition
| Humans can grasp objects between their thumbs and fingers because the thumb is ______. |
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Definition
| A group of tissues working together for a common purpose is known as a(n) ______. |
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Definition
| Factors that are varied during an experimental proceure are called ______. |
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Definition
| A(n) ______ is a tentative statement about the natrual world that can lead to a testable deduction. |
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Term
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Definition
| The process by which an individual makes a generalization after examining specific cases is ______ reasoning. |
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Term
| Observe and generalize (1.3) |
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Definition
| The first step of the cientific method is ______. |
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Term
| Experimental; Control (1.3) |
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Definition
| A properly designed controlled experiment should include both an ______ group and a ______ group. |
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Term
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Definition
| Data obtained from scientific experiments can best be displayed in a ______, which can be used to explain the results of an experiment as well. |
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Definition
| Information that take s the form of a testimonial is considered to be ______, not scientific. |
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Definition
| The application of scientific knowledge to improve the condition of humans is known as _____. |
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Definition
| The label ____ points to a neutron. |
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Term
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Definition
| In orer for this atom to be electrically neutral, the number of subatomic particles labeled "A" in the diagram would have to equal the nmber of _____. |
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Definition
| The pure form of matter that cannot be broken down into a simpler form is a(n)_____. |
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Definition
| Atoms bond to one another to form a stable association called a(n) _____. |
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Definition
| Atoms react with one another and form chemical onds in order to _____ the outermost shell of electrons. |
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Definition
| An electrically charged molecule or atom is a(n) _____. |
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Term
| Hydropholic; hydrophobic (2.3) |
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Definition
| Molecules that are polar and attracted to water are _____; molecules that are nonpolar and therefore not attracted to water are _____. |
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Term
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Definition
| The acidity or alkalinity of a solution can be measured in terms of _____. |
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Term
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Definition
| A substance that helps to maintain a stable pH is a(n) ____. |
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Term
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Definition
| Large organic molecules that are composed of thousands of smaller molecules bonded to one another are known as _____. |
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Term
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Definition
| The process by which cells break down organic macromolecules into their subunits is _____. |
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Term
| Glycerol; Fatty Acids (2.7) |
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Definition
| In order for cell to produce a fat, it must have one molecule of _____ and three _____. |
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Term
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Definition
| The structure of a cell membrane includes a modified from of lipid called a ______. |
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Term
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Definition
| The molecule that stores the set of instructions of a cell and directs everything a cell does is _____. |
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Term
| ATP [Adenosine Triphosphate] (2.10) |
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Definition
| The universal energy source for cells is ______. |
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Term
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Definition
| Cells that have a membrane-bound organelles and cytoplasm are classified as _____ cells. |
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Term
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Definition
Man cells use tiny projections of their plasma membrane called _____ to increase the surface area relative to cell volume.
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Term
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Definition
| Plasma membranes become less fluid when _____ is present. |
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Term
| Selective permeable (3.4) |
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Definition
| Because the plasma membrane regulates the transport of molecules into and out of the cell by allowing only certain substances to pass, it is said to be ______. |
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Term
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Definition
| The net diffusion of water across a plasma membrane is known as ______. |
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Term
| Endocytosis; Exocytosis (3.4) |
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Definition
| The movement of large molecules or large quantities of molecules into a cell is accomplished through ______; movement of these molecules out of the cell is accomplished through _____. |
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Term
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Definition
| Plasma membrane proteins that can receive and transmit information across the membrane are known as _____ proteins. |
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Term
| Sodium-potassium pump (3.4) |
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Definition
| The primary function of the ______ is to remove certain unwanted ions from the cell in exchange for molecules that the cell needs. |
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Term
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Definition
| Molecules pass in and out of the nucleus through openings in the nuclear membrane called _____. |
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Definition
| The ______ is surrounded by an outer membrane which encloses an inner membrane that is highly folded; this organelle is associated with the breakdown of chemical bonds in food. |
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Term
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Definition
| Microtubles and microfilaments compose the ______ which forms an internal network of support for the cell. |
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Term
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Definition
| Chemical reactions that take place in living organisms are collectively known as the organism's ______. |
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Term
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Definition
| Anabolic reactions result in the _____ of large molecules and therefore _____ energy. |
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Term
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Definition
| Cellular respiration occurs in the _____ (organelle) of the cell. |
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Term
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Definition
| The only way that cells can produce ATP in the absence of oxygen is through the process of _____. |
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Term
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Definition
| Specialized epithelial tissues that produce and secrete a product are known as ____. |
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Term
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Definition
| Glands that secrete their product into a duct are classified as _____ glands. |
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Term
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Definition
| Epithelial tissues are classified according to the number of cell layers making up the tissue and _____. |
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Term
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Definition
| Spot desmosomes are actually _____ junctions which allow for slight flexibility in an epithelium. |
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Term
| Extracellular matrix (4.3) |
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Definition
| Connective tissue is unique because the cells secrete an _____ that can be a semi-liquid or hardened. |
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Term
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Definition
| The protein fibers of a fibrous connective tissue matrix are embedded in a _____ that is made up of water, polysaccharides, and proteins. |
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Term
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Definition
| Connective tissue cells that produce collagen, elastic, and reticular fibers are the _____. |
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Term
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Definition
| Cellsin cartilage that produce the ground substance are the _____. |
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Definition
| Skeletal muscle attaches to ____, which attaches the muscle to bone. |
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Definition
| Cardiac muscle is located only in the _____. |
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Term
| Neurons; Glial cells (4.5) |
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Definition
| Nervous tissue is composed of two type of cells; ______ that conduct impulses and _____ that surround and protect these cells. |
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Term
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Definition
| A group of two or more tissues that function as a unit is a(n) ______. |
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Term
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Definition
| The presence of a suntan is due to increased activity of _____ in response to increased levels of ultraviolet radiation. |
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Definition
| A gland located in teh dermis of the skin that helps to regulate body temperature is the _____ gland. |
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Definition
| The ability of living organisms to maintain a constant internal environment despite changes in the external environment is _____. |
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Term
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Definition
| Stem cells in red bone marrow give rise to ______ and ______ cells. |
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Term
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Definition
| Ligments attach _____ to bone. |
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Term
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Definition
| The end of a long bone is known as the _____. |
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Term
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Definition
| ______ forms the embryonic structures that later become bone. |
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Term
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Definition
| Trabeculae are located in ______ bone. |
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Term
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Definition
| The outer surface of a bone is covered with a tough connective tissue called the ______. |
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Term
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Definition
| The outer ear and epiglottis have a small amount of flexibility associated with them because of the presence of _____ cartilage. |
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Term
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Definition
| The process by which the cartilage of fetal bones is gradually replaced with bone tissue is _____. |
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Term
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Definition
| The region of a long bone where cartilage is produced as a model for lengthening bone is the _____. |
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Term
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Definition
| When bones undergo repair, the process begins with the formation of a blood clot known as a ______. |
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Term
| Parathyroid hormomone; calcitonin (5.3) |
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Definition
| The blood calcium level is regulated by two hormones: _____ causes an increase in blood calcium, while ______ causes a decrease in blood calcium. |
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Term
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Definition
| The ______ and ______ make up the pectoral girdle. |
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Term
| Intervertebral disks (5.4) |
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Definition
| Vertebrae of the spinal cord are separated from each other by compressible, flat structures called ______. |
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Term
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Definition
| Immovable joints such as those found between bones of the skull are ______ joints. |
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Term
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Definition
| The coxal bones of the pelvic girdle meet in front at the ______, where they are joined by cartilage. |
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