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Exam 1 - Vitals & ECG interpretation
Exam 1 - Vitals & ECG interpretation
70
Health Care
Graduate
02/15/2013

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Term
Combination leads =
Definition
I & aVF
Term
Combination leads: both positive =
Definition
normal range
Term
Combination leads: I +, aVF -
Definition
L axis deviation
Term
Combination leads: I -, aVF +
Definition
R axis deviation
Term
Combination leads: I -, aVF -
Definition
extreme R axis deviation
Term
Axis rotation computed by using leads…
Definition
V1-V6
Term
Use lead ____ to find atrial hypertrophy
Definition
V1
Term
diphasic P wave =
Definition
atrial hypertrophy (L atrial hypertrophy if terminal larger P)
Term
R ventricular hypertrophy evidenced by… (3)
Definition
V1: large R wave, getting smaller in V2-V4;
R axis deviation/rotation;
lead I - , lead aVF +/-
Term
L ventricular hypertrophy evidenced by… (4)
Definition
enlarged QRS (esp in limb leads);
L axis deviation/rotation;
large in S in V1 & large R in V5 – total of these >35mm;
T wave inversion & asymmetry ("strain")
Term
Ischemia evidenced by… (2)
Definition
inverted T wave (symmetrical);
ST segment depression >1mm for ≥0.08 sec
Term
ST segment elevation =
Definition
acute or recent infarct
Term
ST segment depression (horizontal)
Definition
subendocardial infarct
Term
Infarction evidenced by …
Definition
Q wave
Term
Q wave = insignificant if...
Definition
small & in lead I, II, V5, V6
Term
Q wave = significant if… (2)
Definition
>0.04sec OR
>1/3 amplitude of entire QRS
Term
Significant Q in V1-V4 =
Definition
ant infarct (L ventricle)
Term
Significant Q in lead I & aVL =
Definition
lat infarct
Term
Significant Q in lead II, III, aVF
Definition
inf infarct
Term
Evolution of MI: immediately a MI begins (ECG)
Definition
T wave inversion
Term
Evolution of MI: within hrs of MI start (ECG)
Definition
ST elev (upright T)
Term
Evolution of MI: hrs later (ECG)
Definition
significant Q;
ST elev (upright T)
Term
Evolution of MI: ≥1-2 days later (ECG)
Definition
significant Q;
less ST elev;
marked T inversion
Term
Evolution of MI: days-weeks later (ECG)
Definition
significant Q;
T wave inversion
Term
Evolution of MI: weeks-years later (ECG)
Definition
significant Q
Term
Causes of axis deviations (6)
Definition
normal variant,
MI,
hypertrophy,
dysrhythmias,
advanced pregnancy/obesity,
chronic lung disease/Pes
Term
Peripheral pulse assessment scale: 0
Definition
absent
Term
Peripheral pulse assessment scale: 1+
Definition
weak/thready
Term
Peripheral pulse assessment scale: 2+
Definition
normal
Term
Peripheral pulse assessment scale: 3+
Definition
full, firm
Term
Wait _____ between BP readings
Definition
1 full minute
Term
P wave: normal duration
Definition
0.08-0.12 sec
Term
QRS: normal duration
Definition
0.16 sec
Term
T wave: normal duration
Definition
0.16 sec
Term
P wave: ion movement
Definition
Na+ & Ca++ influx
Term
T wave: ion movement
Definition
incr K+
Term
PR interval: normal duration
Definition
0.12-0.20 sec
Term
AV node delay time included in _____ interval
Definition
PR interval
Term
ST segment: normal duration
Definition
0.12 sec
Term
Elevated ST segment: causes
Definition
current damage (MI)
Term
Depressed ST segment: causes
Definition
past heart damage
Term
QT interval: normal duration
Definition
≤1/2 distance of R-R
Term
Normal sinus rhythm = ____ bpm
Definition
60-100bpm
Term
ECG: 1 small block = ____ sec
Definition
0.04 sec
Term
ECG: 1 bold block = ____ sec
Definition
0.2 sec
Term
Methods of determining heart rate from ECG (4)
Definition
HR ruler
6-second mark
counting mnemonic
counting little boxes
Term
HR counting mnemonic: sequence
Definition
300
150
100
75
60
50
43
37
33
30
Term
Questions to ask when evaluating ECG strip (5)
Definition
What is rate/pattern?
P-wave for each QRS?
QRS for each P-wave?
What is the PR interval?
QRS = normal duration/morphology?
Term
ECG: Frontal leads
Definition
I, II, III
aVR, aVL, aVF
Term
ECG: Pre-cordial (chest) leads
Definition
V1-V6
Term
Einthoven's triangle created by _____ leads
Definition
I, II, III
Term
Einthoven's Law =
Definition
Leads:
I + III = II
Term
Limb lead I = current between...
Definition
R arm >> L arm
Term
Limb lead II = current between...
Definition
R arm >> L leg
Term
Limb lead III = current between...
Definition
L arm >> L leg
Term
aVR = current traveling to...
Definition
to R arm
Term
aVL = current traveling to...
Definition
L arm
Term
aVF = current traveling to...
Definition
L leg
Term
Limb leads I, II, III, aVL, aVF:
QRS +/- ?
Definition
QRS +
Term
Limb lead aVR:
QRS +/- ?
Definition
QRS -
Term
Pre-cordial leads V1-V2:
QRS +/- ?
Definition
QRS -
Term
Pre-cordial leads V3-V4:
QRS +/- ?
Definition
QRS both
Term
Pre-cordial leads V5-V6:
QRS +/- ?
Definition
QRS +
Term
Things responsible for electrical axis (3)
Definition
position of heart
size of heart
viability of heart
Term
Positive deflection of Lead 1 =
Definition
heart moved to L
Term
Positive deflection of Lead aVF =
Definition
heart moved down
Term
Negative deflection of Lead 1 =
Definition
heart moved to R
Term
Negative deflection of Lead aVF =
Definition
heart moved up
Term
Lead 1 "looks at"...
Definition
pt's left
Term
Lead aVF "looks at"...
Definition
pt straight down
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