Term
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Definition
| the combination of process of breaking down solid rock eventually transforming into sediment |
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Definition
| breaks intact rock into unconnected clasts (grains or chunks), collectively called debris |
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Term
| joints (part of physical weathering) |
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Definition
| natural cracks that form in rocks due to removal of overburden or due to cooling |
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Term
| frost wedging (part of physical weathering) |
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Definition
| when the water trapped in a joint freezes it forces the joint open and may cause the joint to grow, such frost wedging helps break blocks free from intact bedrock |
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Term
| root wedging (part of physical weathering) |
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Definition
| as roots expand they apply pressure to their surroundings. Tree roots that grow into joints can push joints open |
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Term
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Definition
refers to the chemical reactions that alter or destroy minerals when rock comes in contact with water solutions or air.
Common reactions are: dissolution, Hydrolysis,and Oxidation |
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Term
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Definition
| chemical weathering during which minerals dissolve into water. Primarily affects salts and carbonate minerals, but even quartz dissolves slightly |
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Term
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Definition
| water chemically reacts with minerals and breaks them down to form other minerals,ex hydrolysis reactions in feldspar create clay |
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Definition
| oxidation reacts in rocks transform iron bearing minerals into a rusty brown mixture of various iron-oxide and iron-hydroxide minerals |
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Definition
| is rock that forms at or near the surface of the earth by the cementing together of loose grains that had been produced by physical or chemical weathering of preexisting rock, the cementing together of shells and shell fragments or by the growth of of masses of shell producing organisms |
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Term
| clastic sedimentary rocks |
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Definition
| consists of cemented-together solid fragments and grains derived from pre exsisting rocks |
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Term
| biochemical sedimentary rocks |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| consists of carbon rich relicts of plants |
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Term
| explain the difference between weathering and erosion |
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Definition
| in weathering sediments are broken down and in erosion they are transported and moved away from the source of erosion |
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Term
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Definition
| physical and chemical alterations, including compaction and cementation, that occur as sediment is transformed to rock |
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