Term
| true or false: most landslides in PA are fast and deadly |
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Definition
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which of the following is the driving force that causes mass wasting?
a. internal friction
b. cohesion
c. gravity
d. shear strength |
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Definition
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which of these scenarios would help soil resist mass wasting?
a. the soil is damp
b. the soil is saturated with water
c. the soil is almost all coarse, rounded sand
d. the soil is a mix of sand and clay
e. a and d
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Definition
e. a and d
the soil is damp and the soil is a mix of sand and clay
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Term
which of the following must be true from mass wasting to occur?
a. driving forces are greater than resisting forces
b driving forces are equal to resisting forces
c. driving forces are less than resisting forces
d. none of the above |
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Definition
a. driving forces are greather than resisting forces |
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Term
the type of material that is most likely to liquefy and flow if shaken or vibrated is called:
a. talus
b. medium sand
c. expansive clay
d. quick clay |
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Definition
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Term
which of these describes the effect of steep slopes or mass wasting?
a. steep slopes increase shear stress (stress pulling material down)
b. steep slopes increase normal stress
c. steep slopes add cohesion to soil and rock material
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Definition
a. steep slopes increase shear stress |
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Term
effect of planes of weakness on mass wasting |
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Definition
| they add weight, increase pore pressure, and reduce friction |
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Term
which of the following types of mass wasting is the least dangerous?
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Definition
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Term
which of these materials would have the highest angle of repose?
a. fine-grained, rounded material
b. coarse-grained (larger grains), rounded material
c. fine-grained, angular material
d. coarse-grained, angular material |
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Definition
d. coarse-grained,angular material |
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Term
what are the two main causes (not results) of subsidence? |
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Definition
withdrawal of fluids and removal of solids |
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Term
which of the following statements about subsidence is false?
a. coal mining leaves void spaces underground that can collapse and cause subsidence
b. withdrawing oil and natural gas from underground resevoirs can lead to subsidence
c. damage due to subsidence is usually covered by homeowners insurance
d. sinkholes and karst form most easily in limestone rock
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Definition
c. damage due to subsidence is usually covered by homeowners insurance |
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Term
how many homes in PA lie above old or active coal mines?
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Definition
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Which of these actions would tend to stabilize slope material by increasing cohesion?
a. reducing the water content with drains or diversions
b. planting vegetation on bare slopes
c. benching the slope
d. reducing the weight on the slope |
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Definition
b. planting vegetation on bare slopes |
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Term
| true or false: non-renewable resources cannont be fully replenished in your lifetime but may be replenished in your great-grandchildren's lifetimes |
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Definition
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Term
which of the following resources are renewable?
a. nuclear
b. coal
c. biomass
d. geothermal
e. a and b
d. c and d |
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Definition
e. c and d. biomass and geothermal |
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Term
only fossil fuel energy resources include: |
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Definition
oil, natural gas, coal bed methane, methane hydrates |
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Term
which of the following statements about coal in the U.S is false?
a. the US has more reserves of coal than any other fossil fuel
b. the primary use of coal is to generate electricity
c. most of our coal is high quality and low sulfur
d. coal is made of compressed, cooked plant material preserved in low-oxygen environments such as swamps |
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Definition
c. most of our coal is high quality and low sulfur |
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Term
| all of the following are impacts of coal use (burning it, not mining it) except for: |
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Definition
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Term
which of these impacts of coal production comes from having to use water to separate coal from the waste rock it gets mixed with during blasting?
a. viewshed destruction
b. sludge
c. acid mine drainage
d. sediment pollution |
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Definition
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Term
| about how much of the world's coal reserves are in the U.S? |
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Definition
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Term
how long are the world's natural gas reserves likely to last (at current consumption rates)? |
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Definition
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Term
when did the US oil and gas production peak? |
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Definition
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Term
which area has the highest concentration of oil and gas deposits?
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Definition
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Term
In PA, we have all the conditions for producing Saudi-arabia sized oil except |
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